Multiplication

5th grade
 MATHEMATICS UNIT N° 2:
THE MULTIPLICATION

Objectives:
• Identify the elements of multiplication.
• Identify the properties of multiplication.
• Understanding how to solve multiplications of factors of two or more digits.
• Solve multiplication math problems.
Index:

• Elements of multiplication.

• Properties of multiplication.

• Multiplication of factors with two or more digits.

• Multiplication math problems.

I invite you to solve the following multiplications:

Indicate which multiplication should be paired with the corresponding animal.

Let's review:
 Elements of multiplication

• The elements of multiplication are the factors and the product.

• Factors are the numbers that are multiplied.

• The product is the result of multiplication.

 Properties of multiplication
1.- Commutative property
• The order of the factors does not change the product.
Example:
5X4=4X5
20 = 20

• The result of multiplying 5 x 4 will be the same as multiplying 4 x 5. Even if we change the
the order of the factors will not change the product being 20.

Associative property
• When three or more numbers are multiplied, the product is the same regardless of how they are arranged.
they group the factors.
Example:
(2 times 3) times 5 equals 2 times (3 times 5)

6 x 5 = 2 x 15
30 = 30
3. Distributive property
• The multiplication of a number by a sum is equal to the sum of the products of that number.
number for each of the addends.
Example:
3 times (4 plus 2) equals 3 times 4 plus 3 times 2

3 X 6 = 12 + 6
18 = 18

4-Property of the neutral element

• He is the neutral element of multiplication because any number multiplied by him gives
same number.
Example:
8X1=8 3X1=3
 Multiplication of a one-digit factor by a two-digit one
or more digits
Remember:
- The first thing you should multiply is the digit of the unit and then continue with the following ones.
values that are to the left of the unit (tens - hundreds - thousand units .....).

Example No. 1:

3 63 5 63 5 63
4.795 times 7 4.795 times 7 4 . 795x 7 4 . 795x 7
5 65 5 6 5 3 3 56 5
Step No. 1 Step No. 2 Paso N° 3 Step No. 4
 Example No. 2:

Step No. 1 Step No. 2 Step No. 3

1 1 21
12.905x312.905x3 12.905x3
5 15 7 15
You multiply 3 by 5 which is 15, You multiply 3 by 0 which is 0, You multiply 3 by 9 which is 27,
you place the 5 in the unit and the 1 but how is it reserved on the 1st you place the 7 in the position of the
remains as a reserve in the position you must add 0 + 1 this gives hundred and the 2 of reserve in the
from the decade. result 1 thousand unit position.

Step No. 4 Step No. 5

2 1 21
12.905x3 12.905x3
87 15 3 8 7 15
You multiply 3 by 2 which is 6, to the 6 You multiply 3 by 1 which is 3. and
you must add the 2 from the reservation, you finish the resolution of the
resulting in this being 8. multiplication.
Example No. 3, another way to diagram multiplication.
 Activity

Solve the following multiplications in your notebook. Follow the previous examples..

a) 539 x 2

b) 2.098 x 7 Remember that for

resolve a
multiplication you must
c) 914 x 4
start multiplying
from the unit.
d) 25.679 x 6

9.027 x 3

f) 47.091 x 9

1.675 x 5

h) 36.710 x 8
 Strategies to multiply multiples of 10

• When multiplying any number by a multiple of 10 (the multiples of 10 are 10, 100,
1,000, 10,000 and the following numbers) the zeros in the multiple of 10 must be counted and
add the same number of zeros to the right.

Examples:

27 X 10 27 X 100 27 times 1,000 27 X 10,000

270 2.700 27,000 270,000

9,346 times 1000 10.952 X10

9,346,000 109.520
 Activity
Solve the following multiplications in your notebook, using the strategy learned.

a) 349 x 100

b) 9.125 x 10.000

c) 291 x 10

57.810 x 1.000

7.932 x 100

f) 361.914 x 10

4.508 x 10.000

h) 8.315 x 1.000
 Activity
• Develop the following pages of the mathematics exercise booklet.
- Páginas: 18, 19 y 20.
• Remember that if you don't have the book, you can view it digitally and solve it on your own.
notebook.
 Multiplication of factors of two or more digits
with multibase blocks

Observations at the moment of seeing the

video:
- First they will remind you how it
represents the unit, ten,
hundred and unit of a thousand (the video the
present as a thousandth), in order to
to exemplify the representation of
some numbers.
- Then it will be exemplified how it
perform a sum with the material
concrete.
- Finally, he will explain to you how
solve a multiplication of
factors of two or more digits.
 Multiplication of two or more digit factors
To solve a multiplication of factors with two or more digits, you must follow a similar order to what has been worked on.
previously, however, as more digits are presented when multiplying, you must sum the results.
obtenidos. Observa los pasos que debes seguir para resolver este tipo de multiplicaciones:

Example No. 1: Let's multiply 342 x 42

Step No. 2 Step No. 3

Step No. 1
Multiply 342 by 4, put the You sum the obtained products.
Multiply 342 by 2, just like that
product below the result
as if you were multiplying
previous leaving a space for the
by a single digit factor.
right.
Example No. 2: Let's multiply 5.091 x 64

Step No. 1 Step No. 2

Multiplica 5.091 por 4, realiza la operación Multiply 5.091 by 6, place the product
just as if you were multiplying by under the previous result leaving a space
a digit. to the right.

Step No. 3
You add the obtained products.
Example No. 3 shows another way to diagram a multiplication of factors with two or more digits, in which it
It should follow the same procedure that was explained in the previous slides.

Example No. 3: Let's multiply 958 x 365

Example No. 4: Let's multiply 285 X 365

If you still haven't understood the procedure to follow to solve a multiplication, you can
watch the following video:
 Activity
Solve the following multiplications in your notebook.

a) 193 x 25

b) 12.716 x 18

c) 4.091 x 49

d) 927 x 27

e) 1.593 x 174

f) 570.812 x 321

g) 7.067 x 53

h) 8.273 x 70
 Multiplication problems

To solve a mathematical problem we must remember the following steps:

Step No. 1
Read the problem comprehensively in order to identify its DATA. Remember that the
The question of the problem is part of the data, since most of the time it indicates what type of
operation you should perform and it helps you respond to the problem.

Step No. 2
After identifying the data, develop the problem by performing the operation u.
corresponding operations. In a problem, more than one operation can be performed.

Step No. 3
Finally, you must ANSWER the question of the problem, responding to it with complete sense.
Example No. 1

On Saturday, Don José sold 15 bouquets of 12 roses each in his flower shop. How many roses did he sell in total?

Data Development

• 15 bouquets
• 12 roses each bouquet
• How many roses did he sell in
total?

Respuesta: Don José vendió 180 rosas en total.

Example No. 2

Una persona gana $ 17.500 al día. Trabaja 22 días cada mes. ¿Cuánto gana al año?

Data Development

• Earn $17,500 Step 1

• Works 22 days each month.
• How much do you earn a year?

12 months 2nd step

Respuesta: Al año gana $ 4.620.000.

Example No. 3

Un curso desea ir al MIM y para ello se ofrece una visita incluyendo movilización y entrada por $ 3.600
in total per person. If there are 38 people attending the visit, how much will everyone have to pay in total?
group?

Data Development

• Mobilization and entry = $3,600

• 38 people
• how much will have to be paid in total
group?

Response: The group will have to pay $136,800 to attend the MIM.
 Activity
• Copy the following math problems into your notebook, with their respective box of
data, development and response, to then proceed with the development of each of them.

A worker must move 138 boxes from one warehouse to another. If each box has a
weight of 52 kg, how many kilograms in total will this person carry?

2. Each floor of a building measures 255 cm in height. If the building has 37 floors, what is
its height?

Josefina has to buy new seats for a cinema that has 55 rows of 43.
seats each. How many seats should he buy?

4. Carlos bought 3 notebooks for $752 each and 2 pencils for $175 each. How much
Did Carlos pay for the purchase?
 Mathematical challenge

• Solve the following crossword in 5 minutes. Time yourself with a stopwatch.

• The PPT you just saw will help you to prepare the exercise guide of the
Unit No. 2 on the content of multiplication.

• Remember to read the instructions in the guide very carefully to have a good
development in your exercises.

• Remember that any questions you have regarding the PPT or guide to be developed
you can check it in the email:
5° A [email protected]

5th [email protected]