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Disaster Risk Management

Disaster Risk Management is a systematic process aimed at reducing risks through planning, preparedness, mitigation, and capacity building, focusing on minimizing loss of life and property. The approach has shifted from a reactive model (3 Rs: Rescue, Relief, Restoration) to a proactive one (3 Ps: Prevention, Preparedness, Proofing). A comprehensive Disaster Preparedness Plan includes planning, training, and public awareness to enhance community resilience and ensure effective responses to disasters.

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31 views3 pages

Disaster Risk Management

Disaster Risk Management is a systematic process aimed at reducing risks through planning, preparedness, mitigation, and capacity building, focusing on minimizing loss of life and property. The approach has shifted from a reactive model (3 Rs: Rescue, Relief, Restoration) to a proactive one (3 Ps: Prevention, Preparedness, Proofing). A comprehensive Disaster Preparedness Plan includes planning, training, and public awareness to enhance community resilience and ensure effective responses to disasters.

Uploaded by

suryaok22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Disaster Risk Management

Disaster Risk Management refers to the systematic process of reducing disaster risks through
planning, preparedness, mitigation, and capacity building. It focuses on minimizing loss of life,
property, and environmental damage.

Shift in Disaster Management Approach

Traditional Approach – 3 Rs

Earlier, disaster management mainly focused on post-disaster actions:


1. Rescue – Saving lives during disasters
2. Relief – Providing food, shelter, and medical aid
3. Restoration – Rebuilding and restoring normal life

This approach was reactive in nature.

Modern Approach – 3 Ps

The present approach emphasizes risk reduction:


1. Prevention – Avoiding disaster risks
2. Preparedness – Being ready before disasters occur
3. Proofing – Making systems and structures disaster-resilient

This approach is proactive and preventive.

Disaster Preparedness Plan

A Disaster Preparedness Plan ensures that communities, institutions, and governments are
ready to respond effectively to disasters.

Step 1: Planning
Planning is the foundation of disaster preparedness.

National Disaster Management Framework (India)


• Disaster management in India follows a multi-level system:
• National level
• State level
• District and local levels

National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP)


• Prepared by the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
• Provides guidelines for preparedness, response, and recovery

Key Planning Components


• Hazard and Vulnerability Assessment (HVA):
Identification of hazards and vulnerable areas and populations
• Early Warning Systems:
Timely dissemination of warnings to reduce loss of life
• Resource Mapping:
Identification of available manpower, equipment, and facilities
• Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs):
Pre-defined roles and actions during disasters

Step 2: Training and Exercises

Training strengthens the ability of institutions and individuals to manage disasters efficiently.

National Level Training


• Conducted by the National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM)
• Focuses on:
• Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
• Preparedness and response
• Recovery and rehabilitation

Modes of Training
• Online courses and MOOCs
• Workshops and capacity-building programmes

Step 3: Public Awareness and Education

Public awareness is essential for reducing disaster risks at the community level.

Awareness Initiatives
• Conducted by NDMA and related agencies
• Use of mass media for information dissemination

Educational Measures
• Distribution of booklets, posters, and digital materials
• Inclusion of disaster management in school education
• Community-based awareness programmes

Importance of Disaster Preparedness

• Reduces loss of life and property


• Enhances community resilience
• Ensures coordinated and timely response
• Promotes a culture of safety and preparedness

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