Basic words
Hi or Hello: Namaste Please: Please Thank You: Shukhriya Sorry: Maaf kijiye Please: Kripaya Ok:Theek hai
Days of the week
Monday: somavar Tuesday: mgalavar Wednesday: budhavar Thursday: guruvar Friday: shukravar Saturday: shanivar Sunday: ravivar
Months
January:janvari February: pharvari March: marc April: aprail May: mai June:jun July:julai August: agast September: sitambar October: aktubar November: navambar December: disambar
Family
Father: pitajee Mother: maa (or) maa-ta-jee Grandfather: daa-daa-jee Grandmother: daa-dee-maa Brother: bhaa-e Elder Brother: bhai-ya Yonger Brother: cho-ta bhaa-e Sister: ba-hen Elder Sister: dee-dee Yonger Sister:cho-tee ba-hen Son: bae-ta Daughter: bae-tee Grandson: po-ta Granddaughter: po-tee Husband: pa-tee Wife: pat-nee
Colours
black: kala blue: nila bright: chamkila brown: bhura color: rang golden: sunahra gray: hura green: hara orange: naranji red: lal white: safed yellow: pila
Directions
Right: Dahine Left: Bayen taxi: taxi train: train subway: subway bus: bus street: sadak middle: beech under: neeche
Eating
chicken: chicken lamb: lamb fish: machli pork:pork ham: ham broil: bhoonna bake: sek-na boil: ubaalna fry: talna vegetable: subzi salad: salad bread: rotee cheese: paneer rice: cha-wal potato: a-alu soup: soup chocolate: chocolate dessert: mit-hai coffee: cofee tea: chai milk: doodh beer: beer water: pa-a-nee
Hindi Grammar
Together with English, Hindi is the official language of India. About 182 million people speak Hindi as their native language and many others speak Hindi as a second language-some estimates say that around 350 million people speak Hindi.
Syntax
Hindi uses a different word order than English. The main differences are that verbs are placed at the end of the sentence (like in German) and that Hindi (like other Indian languages) uses postpositions instead of prepositions. Postpositions are like prepositions except that they are written after the noun. Example: Normal sentences English: Subject Verb Object => I learn Hindi Hindi: Subject Object Verb => I Hindi learn Imperative sentences English: Verb Place Adverb => Come here now Hindi: Place Adverb Verb => Here now come Questions English: Adverb Aux.Verb Subject Verb => What are you drawing? Hindi: Subject Adverb Verb => You what draw?
Verbs
Hindi verbs are inflected with respect to gender of the subject (masculine, feminine), number of the subject (singular, plural), tense (present, past, future), action (perfect, imperfect, continuous), degree of respect (intimate, familiar, respect). Verbs are referred to in their infinitive noun form which ends in na. Examples: bolna to speak likhna to write lena to take ana to come The stem of a verb is the infinitive form minus the na ending. Examples: bol likh le a
Nouns
Gender
Hindi has two genders, masculine (nouns ending in i) and feminine (nouns ending in a) but there are exceptions. As for the number, we distinguish between singular and plural.
Case
There are two cases in Hindi, direct and indirect. The indirect case is used when the noun is followed by a post-position, otherwise the direct case is used. Examples: Masculine nouns on -a: larka = boy Singular larka (direct) larke (indirect) Plural larke(direct) larkon (indirect) Feminine nouns on -i: larki = girl Singular larki (direct) larki (indirect) Plural larkiyan (direct) larkiyon (indirect)
Phrases in Hindi Meeting People
What is your name?: Aapka naam kya hai? My name is: Mera naam... I am from Australia: Main Australia se hoon How are you?: Aap kaise hain?
In a shop
How much is this?: Ye kitne ka hai? This is too expensive: Ye bahut mehenga hai Make this price less: Bhaav kam karo Are you open tomorrow?: Aap kal khule hain?
In the street
Could you please tell me the way to..?: Kripya raasta bataiye..? Where can I find?: Kahan milenge? I want a ticket: Mujhe ticket chahiye Is this very far?: Kya ye bahut door hai?
Hindi Slang General Slang
Fitoos: Absolutely perfect! Fundoo: Cool, perfect Gazab: Fantastic!
Slang used when meeting people
aap kaise hain?: How are you? (man) aap kaisii hain?: How are you? (woman) preeti: hi bye: tata goodbye: alvida phir milte hai (or phir milenge): see ya later sab thik hai na?: is everything all right? tum thik ho na?: are you ok? tum kaise ho?: how is he/she?
