"IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE MOST GRACIOUS, THE MOST MERCIFUL"
ION
1. MUHAMMAD AHMAD BILAAL SMART
2016 – CIV – 54 TRANSPORTATION
2. NOMAN SARWAR
2016 – CIV – 31 CONTENTS
SPEAKER
ORS 3. SAQLAIN NAWAZ
2016 – CIV – 18
ES &
AGES
WHAT IS SMART TRANSPORTATION?
• Smart Transportation is one of the most crucial and
equipped with ITS (Intelligent Transportation System)
based applications. It is connected wirelessly with
Internet of Things (IoT) vertical technology. The main
purpose is to collect data and controlling the real-time
conditions, to improve performance and others. The
smart sensor offers a wide range of applications in
road transport including infrastructure, traffic
management, mobility management, car navigation,
container management systems, automatic number
plate recognition and security CCTV systems
applications.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS
• Electronic Toll Collection :
Today, most toll roads are equipped
with an electronic toll-collection system, like E-
ZPass, that detects and processes tolls
electronically. E-ZPass uses a vehicle mounted
transponder that is activated by an antenna on a
toll lane. Your account information is stored in the
transponder. The antenna identifies your
transponder and reads your account information.
The amount of the toll is deducted and you're
allowed through.
• Emergency Vehicle
Notification Systems :
Intelligent transportation systems
particularly the FCD (Floating Car
Data ) model can also be used to
provide advance warning to motorists
of traffic jams, accidents and other
emergency situations. This system can
then provide alternative routes or
recommendations to motorists so as to
avoid congestion and travel delays.
AUTOMATIC ROAD ENFORCEMENT
• A traffic enforcement camera system, consisting of
a camera and a vehicle monitoring device, is used
to detect and identify vehicles disobeying a
speed limit or some other road legal requirement
and automatically ticket offenders based on the
license plate number. Traffic tickets are sent by
mail. For Example :-
o Speed cameras identify speed limit.
o Red light cameras detect vehicles that cross a stop
line.
o Bus lane cameras identify vehicles traveling in
lanes reserved for buses.
COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEMS
Intersection Collision Warning Obstacle Detection
Lane Change Assistance Lane Departure Warning
COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEMS ………
Rollover Warning Road Departure Warning
Forward collision Warning Rear Impact Warning
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES
(1) Wireless Communications :
• Dedicated Short-Range Communications
(DSRC) :
It offers communication between the vehicle
and the roadside in specific locations (for
example toll plazas) Applications such as
Electronic Fee Collection(EFC) will operate over
DSRC. It is a sub-set of the RFID - technology
(Radio-Frequency Identification).
• CONTINUOUS AIR INTERFACE LONG AND
MEDIUM RANGE (CALM) :
• Continuous Air interface Long and
Medium range (CALM) provides
continuous communications between
a vehicle and the roadside using a
variety of communication media,
including cellular and infrared links.
(2) FLOATING CAR DATA/FLOATING CELLULAR
DATA :
• • Non Real-time:
– Manual surveys.
– Video recording and manual search.
– In-vehicle data recording.
• Real-time:
– Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR).
– GPS trace + mobile communications e.g. GSM.
– Radio Signal Triangulation.
– Roadside beacon + dedicated short range
tag.
(3) INDUCTIVE LOOP DETECTION
• One or more loops of wire are embedded
under the road & connected to a control box.
• When a vehicle passes over or rests on the
loop, inductance is reduced showing a vehicle is
present.
• Benefits:
• Established Technology
• Not impacted by environmental conditions
• Accurate in detecting vehicle presence
• Performs well in both high and low volume
traffic.
RADAR AND ACOUSTIC SENSORS ARE ALSO USED FOR
DETECTING VEHICLES IN THE ROADWAY.
(4) VIDEO VEHICLE DETECTION
VIDEO VEHICLE DETECTION (VVD)
IS THE ONE OF THE MOST WIDELY
USED METHOD.
VIDEO DETECTION IS AN IMAGE
PROCESSOR. IT CONSISTS OF A
MICROPROCESSOR-BASE CPU AND
SOFTWARE THAT ANALYZES VIDEO
IMAGES.
ADVANTAGES OF ITS :
• Time Savings
• Better emergency response times and services
• Reduced Crashes and Fatalities
• Cost Avoidance
• Increased Customer Satisfaction
• Energy and Environmental Benefits
• Decreasing of probability of congestion occurrence
DISADVANTAGES OF ITS :
• Difficult to use in mixed traffic
• Preliminary difficulties in understanding
• Equipment of ITS is costly
• High Maintenance cost
