Soal 18.
16
Himmelblau
Oleh:
Istiqomah Hanifa Nurlaila
2
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
18.16 Thermal pollution is the introduction of waste heat into the environment
quality. Most thermal pollution results from the discharge of cooling water into
the surroundings. It has been suggested that power plants use cooling towers and
recycle water rather than dump water into the streams and rivers. In a proposed
cooling tower, air enters and passes through baffles over which warm water from
the heat exchanger falls. The air enters at a temperature of 80°F and leaves at a
temperature of 70°F. The partial pressure of the water vapor in the air entering is
5 mmHg and the partial pressure of the water vapor in the air leaving the tower is
18 mmHg . The total pressure is 740 mmHg . Calculate
a. The relative humidity of the air-water vapor mixture entering and of the
mixture leaving the tower
b. The percentage composition by volume of the moist air entering and of that
leaving
3
c. The percentage composition by weight of the mosit air
entering and of that leaving
d. The percent humidity of the moist air enetering and
leaving
e. The pounds of water vapor per 1000ft3 of mixture both
entering and leaving
f. The pounds of water vapor per 1000ft3 of vapor free air
both entering and leaving
g. The weight of water evaporated if 800.000 ft3 of air (at
740mmHg and 80°F) enters the cooling tower per day
4
T = 80°F T = 70°F
P = 5 mmHg Cooling Tower P = 18 mmHg
5
T(°F) P(psia)
70 0,3629
80 0,5068
6
a) Relatif udara humidity udara masuk dan
keluar
• T udara masuk = 80°F
P*H2O = 0,5068 psia x
= 26,209 mmHg
RH masuk =
= x 100%
= 19,077%
• T udara keluar = 70°F
P*H2O = 0,3629 psia x
= 18,767 mmHg
RH keluar =
= x 100%
= 95,913%
7
b)Persen komposisi berdasarkan volume dari
udara masuk dan keluar
✖ volume = fraksi mol
fraksi
✖ Fraksi volume H2O masuk =
=
= 0,00675
Fraksi volume udara masuk = (1-0,00675)
= 0,99325
Komposisi udara masuk %volume
H2O 0,675%
Udara kering 99,325%
8
✖ volume = fraksi mol
fraksi
✖ Fraksi volume H2O keluar =
=
= 0,02432
Fraksi volume udara keluar = (1-0,02432)
= 0,9757
Komposisi udara keluar %volume
H2O 2,432%
Udara kering 97,57%
c)Persen komposisi berdasarkan massa dari udara 9
lembab masuk dan keluar
✖
Basis = 1 lbmol udara
%volume = % massa
Mol H2O masuk = 0,675% X 1 lbmol
= 0,00675 lbmol
Mol udara kering masuk = 99,325% x 1 lbmol
= 0,99325 lbmol
Massa H2O masuk= mol H2O X BM H2O
= 0,00675 lbmol x 18
= 0,1215 lb
Massa UK masuk = mol UK x BM UK
= 0,99325 lbmol x 29
= 18,8042 lb
Komposisi massa(lb) %massa
H2O 0,1215 x 100% = 0,42%
Udara 28,8042 x 100% = 99,58%
28,9257
10
✖
Basis = 1 lbmol udara
%volume = % massa
Mol H2O keluar = 2,432% X 1 lbmol
= 0,02432 lbmol
Mol udara kering keluar = 97,57% x 1 lbmol
= 0,9757 lbmol
Massa H2O keluar= mol H2O X BM H2O
= 0,02432 lbmol x 18
= 0,43776 lb
Massa UK keluar = mol UK x BM UK
= 0,9757 lbmol x 29
= 28,2953 lb
Komposisi massa(lb) %massa
H2O 0,43776 x 100% = 1,523%
Udara 28,2953 x 100% = 98,477%
28,73306
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d)Persen humidity udara masuk dan
keluar
P✖
udara kering masuk = P total – P H2O masuk
= 740mmHg – 5 mmHg
= 735 mmHg
Mol humidity = =
= 0,0068
M0l
% Humidity udara masuk = X 100%
= x 100%
= 0,42%
12
P udara kering keluar = P total – P H O keluar
2
= 740mmHg – 18 mmHg
= 722 mmHg
Mol humidity = =
= 0,0249
M0l
% Humidity udara keluar = X 100%
= x 100%
= 1,54%
Basis : 1000 ft3 udaraE) Pound H2O / 100ft3 udara masuk dan keluar 13
T masuk = 80°F
= (80-32) x + 273,15
= 299,817 K
H2O masuk = 0,675% x 1000 ft3
= 6,75 ft3
H2O masuk (sc) => Vo =
=
= 5,987 ft3
Mol H2O = =
= 0,0167 lbmol
Massa H2O = mol x BM
= 0,0167 lbmol x 18
= 0,3006 lb H2O /1000 ft3
14
Basis : 1000 ft3 udara
T masuk = 70°F
= (70-32) x + 273,15
= 294,261 K
H2O masuk = 2,432% x 1000 ft3
= 24,32 ft3
H2O masuk (sc) => Vo =
=
= 21,981 ft3
Mol H2O = =
= 0,061 lbmol
Massa H2O = mol x BM
= 0,061 lbmol x 18
= 1,098 lb H2O /1000 ft3
2
15
masuk dan keluar
✖
%volume
= %mol
Massa H2O masuk = 0,3006 lb H2O
✖ Mol udara kering masuk = 99,325%
= 0,99325
=
= 0,302 lb H2O/1000ft3 UK
Massa H2O keluar = 1,098 lb H2O
✖ Mol udara kering keluar = 97,57%
= 0,9757
=
= 1,125 lb H2O/1000ft3 UK
g)Massa dari air yang menguap jika 800.000ft3/day pada tekanan 16
740mmHg udara masuk ke cooling tower
✖
✖ Basis
800.000 ft udara masuk
3
T masuk = 80°F = 299,819 K
Volume H2O masuk = 0,675% x 800.000 ft3
= 5400 ft3
Vo =
=
= 4790,235 ft3
T keluar = 70°F = 294,261 K
Volume H2O keluar = 2,432% x 800.000 ft3
= 19456 ft3
Vo =
=
= 17407,441 ft3
17
✖ H2O evaporated = V H2O keluar – V H2O masuk
Volume
= (17407,441 – 4790,235) ft3
= 12617,206 ft3
Mol H2O evaporated =
= 35,145 lbmol
Massa H2O evaporated = mol H2O x BM H2O
= 35,145 lbmol x
= 632,61 lb H2O/day
18
Alhamduli
llah ;)
