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Overview of Political Ideologies

1. The document discusses several major political ideologies including liberalism, conservatism, moderates, and others like anarchism, socialism, nationalism, fascism, and Marxism. 2. It outlines some of the basic tenets of each ideology such as liberalism emphasizing individualism, freedom, and equality while conservatism is based on religion and tradition. 3. The document also examines concepts like positive and negative liberty, social contract theory, and differences in views between liberals and anarchists or Marxists.

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Hanna Regine Valencerina
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130 views10 pages

Overview of Political Ideologies

1. The document discusses several major political ideologies including liberalism, conservatism, moderates, and others like anarchism, socialism, nationalism, fascism, and Marxism. 2. It outlines some of the basic tenets of each ideology such as liberalism emphasizing individualism, freedom, and equality while conservatism is based on religion and tradition. 3. The document also examines concepts like positive and negative liberty, social contract theory, and differences in views between liberals and anarchists or Marxists.

Uploaded by

Hanna Regine Valencerina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

POLITCAL

IDEOLOGIES
WHY STUDY
POLITCAL
IDEOLOGIES?
BASIC TENETS OF THE MAJOR
POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES
1.LIBERALISM 2. CONSERVATIVE
It is a political ideology It is most often based on
that, at its core, denounces their claims on the
economic and social teachings of religion and
inequality. traditional morality.
Individualism, Freedom, Equality,
Rationalism, Progress, Free Market.
3. MODERATES
It represents a mix
of both liberal and
conservative
ideologies.
OTHER POLITICAL
IDEOLOGIES
1.Anarchism- Promotes a stateless society.
2.Socialism- Based on collective or
governmental ownership and democratic
management.
3.Nationalism- It emphasizes the right of the
strong to rule the weak.
5. Fascism- It celebrates masculinity, youth, mystical
unity and the power of violence. It promotes racial
superiority doctrines, ethnic persecution, imperialist
expansion and genocide.

6. Marxism- It describes the strength and weaknesses


of the capitalist economic system and argued that it
would eventually overthrown in order to bring about a
more just and equal society.
NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE
CONCEPTIONS OF LIBERTY AND
FREEDOM
For early or classical liberals For modern liberals
Liberty or freedom was Liberty and freedom was seen as
natural right therefore, it the condition in which
consisted in each person individuals were able to develop
being left alone, free from their skills and talents and fulfill
interference from their potential and therefore, it
government and able to was defined as the ability to be
act in whatever way they one’s own master and to be
may choose. autonomous.
SOCIAL CONTRACT
THEORY
It says that people live together in society
in accordance with an agreement that
establishes moral and political rules of
behavior.
LIBERALS VS. ANARCHIST LIBERALS VS. MARXISTS
Liberals believe that rational Liberals portray the state as an
individuals would recognize that it umpire or neutral referee in
is in their interest to surrender a society. While, Marxists disagreed
portion of their liberty and right in on that view and they believed that
order to set up a system of law for state was the instrument of the
protection of their freedom. On the ruling class, not “a neutral arbiter”
other hand, Anarchist believe that among competing individuals and
society develops naturally out of groups.
the free actions of individuals an
voluntary associations and,
therefore, both law and
government are unnecessary.

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