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Electrophoretic Mobility of Proteins

The document discusses several key points about plasma proteins: 1. Plasma proteins can move towards the anode or cathode depending on their charge, molecular weight, and the medium. Paper electrophoresis is used to separate plasma proteins. 2. Albumin has the lowest molecular weight and can easily pass through capillaries, while fibrinogen has the highest molecular weight. 3. Albumin is mainly responsible for the osmotic pressure in blood and contributes to blood viscosity along with globulins. 4. The liver is the main site of formation for most plasma proteins like albumin, fibrinogen, and globulins.

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536 views8 pages

Electrophoretic Mobility of Proteins

The document discusses several key points about plasma proteins: 1. Plasma proteins can move towards the anode or cathode depending on their charge, molecular weight, and the medium. Paper electrophoresis is used to separate plasma proteins. 2. Albumin has the lowest molecular weight and can easily pass through capillaries, while fibrinogen has the highest molecular weight. 3. Albumin is mainly responsible for the osmotic pressure in blood and contributes to blood viscosity along with globulins. 4. The liver is the main site of formation for most plasma proteins like albumin, fibrinogen, and globulins.

Uploaded by

Aaryan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

5.

ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY

• Protein molecules move towards


the anode or cathode depending
up on –
i. Charge on the protein
molecule
ii. Molecular Weight
iii. Nature of Medium

• Paper Electrophoresis
Filter paper
Perspex chamber
Phenobarbitone Buffer – pH 8
Electric current - 18 Hrs.
Paper kept at 110 ° C
Stained – Sudan Black/Light
Green
Measure density - Densitometer
6. BUFFER ACTION
Plasma Proteins has 1/6 of Total Buffer Power of blood.

7. MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ALBUMIN - 69 000 Da (Dalton)
β GLOBULIN - 90 000 Da
γ GLOBULIN - 156 000 Da
FIBRINOGEN - 330 000 Da

● Penetration of protein through capillary depends on size and shape


of the molecule.
● Albumin can easily pass through the capillary.
● Increase permeability of capillary leads to passage of other proteins
also.

ANOREXIA, URTICARIA & INFLAMMATION Capillary Permeability.


8. OSMOTIC EFFECT
Capillaries are impermeable for plasma protein.

OSMOTIC PRESSURE (25 mm Hg)


(Albumin is mainly responsible for osmotic pressure)

9. VISCOSITY
Resistance offered by it’s own molecules against it’s flow.
Asymmetrical molecule - More Viscosity
Symmetrical molecule - Less Viscosity

Fibrinogen and Globulin contribute more to the viscosity


of
blood.

10. TRANSPORT OF SUSTANCES


Hormones – Thyroxine & Cortisol.
Metals – Iron & Copper
SITE OF FORMATION OF PROTEINS

I. LIVER
Liver is the main site of formation of plasma proteins.

ALBUMIN
FIBRINOGEN
α1 GLOBULIN
α2 GLOBULIN
β GLOBULIN

II. RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM


(PLASMA CELLS)
γ GLOBULIN

TISSUE PROTEINS PLASMA PROTEINS


FUNCTIONS OF PLASMA PROTINS
1. COAGULATION
Fibrinogen & Prothrombin.

2. TISSUE FLUID FORMATION


I. CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY
II. FILTERING FORCE.

3. MAINTANANCE OF VISCOSITY
OF BLOOD
Globulin (Mainly)
Fibrinogen
4. BUFFER ACTION
Can accept or release H ions

5. ANTIBODIES
γ Globulins
Agamaglobunaemia
Infections

6. ROULEAUX FORMATION

Fibrinogen
7. TRANSPORT OF SUBSTANCES
α1 GLYCOPROTEINS
I. Thyroxine binding protein - Thyroxine
ii. Transcortin - ACTH

α2 GLYCOPROTEINS
i. Ceruloplasmin - Copper
ii. Hepatoglobulin - Haemoglobin

β GLYCOPROTEINS
Transferrin - Iron

α1 & α2 LIPOPROTEIN - Lipid transport

8. PROTEIN RESERVES
Tissue proteins
HYPOALBUMINEMIA - Plasma Albumin
CAUSES : -
1. NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY
2. DEFECTIVE INTESTINAL ABSORPTION
3. DEFECTIVE SYNTHESIS -
Liver Diseases Plasma Protein level
4. INCREASED LOSS OF PROTEINS
Nephrotic Syndrome
Severe Burn

INCREASED LEVEL OF GLOBULINS


1. α GLOBULINS
Acute Infections (Rheumatic Fever).
2. β GLOBULINS
Later months of pregnancy.
3. γ GLOBULINS
Pregnancy
Chronic infections.

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