Four
temperaments
1. W h a t a r e t h e f o u r d i f f e r e n t
temperaments?
2. W h a t a r e t h e t r a i t s f r o m e a c h
temperaments?
3. I s i t possible to have more
than one personality type?
Personality
The combination of characteristics or
qualities that form an individual's
distinctive character.
The term personality is derived from the
Latin word “Persona” which means to
speak through.
• 400 BC a healer, doctor,
philosopher and the father of
Medicine Hippocrates
• was well known in the
neighborhood formed the initial
design of the humoral theory
essentially it postulates that the
behavior of a person with all their
emotions and needs is determined
by the excess concentration of a
LIQUID.
4
temperaments
• 600 years later ancient Rome named
Galen began finished up the typology of
temperaments
• Latin word tempera can be translated as
to moderate or to mix
Phlegmatic
Choleric
Sanguine
Melancholic
Four
temperaments
Sanguine • Sanguine temperaments are very
extraverted and love to be around people.
• motivators, inspiring, joyful and
optimistic
Lots of energy Likes to volunteer
The Center of Attention Have a broad variety of friends
Explorer
Carefree
Sociable Not punctual
POPULAR Curious
Charismatic
Cannot tolerate boredom/ needs
llots of activity
Child-like Disorganized
Sanguine Expressive
Warm-hearted
Enthusiastic
Struggle to complete task
Forget duty
Takes risk without considering
Spontaneous consequences
Outgoing Needs companionship/ Cannot be
Impulsive: rush into decisions lonely
Likes People Needs others’ approval
Active Likes to try things…. Dangerous
Creative things to get hyped
Melancholic • People with this temperament may appear
serious, introverted, cautious or even suspicious.
• They can become preoccupied with the tragedy
and cruelty in the world and are susceptible to
depression and moodiness.
• they like to argue and are particularly stubborn
their perfectionism will force them to fix
something that in their opinion is not ideal..
• Often very analytical and gifted in many ways
intellectually and very organized
• WHINERS
Perfectionist type --holds self to
high standards/ disappointed when..
Very organized Takes life very seriously
Analytical Over-cautious
ERFECT Cautious/careful
Detail orientated –Philosophical –
Have a deep sense of care and love
for others
contemplates about the tragedies Easily get hurt
and cruelty of life/ longs to make a Cold to others except close friends
elancholic difference in the world.
Tends to be creative - art, literature,
and family
Thinks a lot
music, healthcare Worries a lot – gets depressed
and ministry easily/feels guilty often
Genius-prone Doesn’t think highly of oneself --
Loyal to friends and the need to improve oneself
Self-sacrificing Will be distant to others unless close
Self-reliant family and friends
• People with this temperament tend to be
egocentric and extroverted. They may be
Choleric
impulsive, and restless, with reserves of
aggression, energy, and/or passion, and try to
instill that in others.
• Confident, driven, idealistic, goal oriented, won’t
let any obstacle get in the way
• BOSS
Leadership qualities
Ambitious Hot-tempered
Get things done Set in their ways
Strong-willed Does not sympathies/empathies –
WERFUL Don’t give up easily
Hardworking
you hurt, your problem
My way or the high-way
Do what is said/Action orientated Must control others/CANNOT be a
oleric Committed in their task
Logical
Seldom based decisions on emotions
Facts orientated
follower
Cannot be relax
Doesn’t compromised
Impatient
Independent Dominating
In control Rely on their own logic and
Take risk reasoning
Don’t get discouraged easily Don’t trust easily
Focus on the goal Impulsive
Depend on one-self Unable to tolerate
Is not easily worry nor anxious Angry easily
Can fall to sudden depression
Prone to mood swings
• inward and private, thoughtful, reasonable,
patient, submissive, indecisive, calm, Phlegmatic
introverted caring and tolerant.
• Very laid back temperament, unenthusiastic,
takes life as it comes, tends to work great
under pressure
• Normally quiet but has a good sense of
humor, great mediators and problem solvers
• Excellent listeners who offer supportive
feedback over criticism, and tend not to talk
too much about themselves.
Calm Worrier
Relaxed Uninvolved
Doesn’t like conflict Selfish
ACEFUL Peacemaker/Peace
Loving/Harmonious
Value family and friends
Self-righteous
Does things as expected of
him/herself only
Kind/Considerate/Warm Takes life too calmly
Phlegmatic Sympathetic
Value relationships
Judge people easily
Resist change
Patient Not opportunists
Adaptable (anything goes) Passive
Don’t rush into things Unemotional and inexpressive
Trusting Indifferent to the environment
Warm Reluctant
Keep feelings hidden/expression tolerant
consistency
Doesn’t offend others
conflict-avoiding
Excellent listeners
Peaceful
Phlegmatic Popular Sanguine
Powerful Choleric Perfect
Melancholic
Implications
What temperaments do I have?
We all have all 4 temperaments in us, but in
different mixes with one or two being more
dominant
What are the use of temperaments? Is it useful?
Being aware of our temperaments can help us to
better understand each others and our own
behaviors to better.
1. W h a t a r e t h e f o u r d i f f e r e n t
temperaments?
2. W h a t a r e t h e t r a i t s f r o m e a c h
temperaments?
3. I s i t possible to have more
than one personality type?
Is not sticky label but just
one small step to self-
awareness
Four
temperaments
They are our patterns of behaviour the ways we usually
respond to situations They are instinctive or natural
behaviours, rather than learned
Resists change What temperaments do I have? We all have all
4 temperaments in us, but in different mixes with one or two
being more dominant Where are temperaments
useful? Being aware of our temperaments can help us to better
understand each others and our own behaviours to better
appreciate and more fully use what gifts we have
to appreciate our differences to find ways of bridging these
differences But look out! Temperaments can be hidden By
outside influences on us, (e.g. a very dominant parent) By
other factors such as depression, illness, hormonal imbalances
etc. We must avoid labeling others and ourselves
too quickly. The temperament I think I see in you may be a
mask hiding your true nature
