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Hydraulic System Basics

The document discusses the basic components of a hydraulic system. It describes hydraulic tanks, which store and cool hydraulic oil. It also explains the main types of hydraulic pumps that create fluid flow and pressure, including gear, vane, and piston pumps. Additionally, it outlines various pressure control valves that regulate system pressure, such as relief valves, sequence valves, and pressure reducing valves. Finally, it discusses directional control valves that direct hydraulic fluid to different circuits to power hydraulic motors and cylinders.

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Walid Houran
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603 views64 pages

Hydraulic System Basics

The document discusses the basic components of a hydraulic system. It describes hydraulic tanks, which store and cool hydraulic oil. It also explains the main types of hydraulic pumps that create fluid flow and pressure, including gear, vane, and piston pumps. Additionally, it outlines various pressure control valves that regulate system pressure, such as relief valves, sequence valves, and pressure reducing valves. Finally, it discusses directional control valves that direct hydraulic fluid to different circuits to power hydraulic motors and cylinders.

Uploaded by

Walid Houran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Basic Component of Hydraulic System: Overview of the main components involved in a hydraulic system, focusing on their individual roles and functions.

Basic Hydraulic

 Basic Component OF Hydraulic system

Hydraulic Tank
Hydraulic Pumps and Motors
Pressure Control valves
Directional Control valves
Flow control valves
Cylinders.
Basic Hydraulic
 Basic Component OF Hydraulic system
Hydraulic Tank

The main function of the hydraulic oil


tank is to store oil , remove heat and
air from oil

Pressurized Tank
The Two main type of Hydraulic tanks are Pressurized
and vented ( unpressurized )
Basic Hydraulic
Basic Hydraulic
 Basic Component OF Hydraulic system
Hydraulic Pumps

Hydraulic pumps are used to create flow. Pressure is created as a result


of system restriction . Various design are used for pumps including :

Gear pump
Vane pump
Gerotor
Piston Pump
Basic Hydraulic
 Basic Component Of Hydraulic system
Hydraulic Pumps and Motors
Positive displacement pumps
have much smaller clearances bet . Component this reduce leakage and
provide high efficiency when used in high pressure system

Positive displacement pump have 3 type


1. Gear pump
2. Vane pump
3. Piston pump
Basic Hydraulic
Gear pump
• a gear pump develops flow by carrying fluid bet. The
gear teeth and Housing, there are two types of
pump :external, internal
Advantage
• Simpler system , Compact design
• Long Life & Low cost
Disadvantage
• Fixed displacement
• Input speed must be increased to get more flow
output
• High hp draw
Where use
• Engine oil pumps , transmission pumps
• Low pressure Hyd. systems
Basic Hydraulic
Basic Hydraulic

Vane pumps
Basic Hydraulic

Vane pumps

Pump movie
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Basic Hydraulic
Piston Pump

1. The Head
2. Housing
3. shaft
4. Pistons
5. Port plate
6. Barrel
7. swash plate
Basic Hydraulic
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 Basic Component Of Hydraulic system
Pressure control valves

Pressure control valve are used to control pressure in system , the valve
function will remain the same although the design change Examples of
pressure control valves :

1. Relief valve
2. Sequence valve
3. Pressure reducing valve
4. Pressure differential valve
5. Unloading valve
Basic Hydraulic

 Relief valve

The relief valve maintains the


pressure within the design limit by
opening and allowing excessive
oil to flow either to another circuit
or back to the tank
Basic Hydraulic

 Pilot operated Relief valve

In the pilot operated relief valve ,a pilot valve (simple relief valve ) is
used to control the unloading valve (main valve )
Basic Hydraulic

 Pilot operated Relief valve


Basic Hydraulic

 Relief valve
Basic Hydraulic

 Relief valve
Basic Hydraulic
Basic Hydraulic
 Sequence valve

• The sequence valve is simply a pilot


operating relief valve in series with
second circuit
• The sequence valve is used when two
circuits are supplied by one pump and
one circuit has priority over the other
Basic Hydraulic
 Sequence valve
Basic Hydraulic
 Sequence valve
Basic Hydraulic
 Sequence valve
Basic Hydraulic
 Pressure reducing valve

• The pressure reducing valve allow two circuit of different


pressures to be supplied by the same pump
• The max. supply oil pressures is controlled by the system
relief valve
• The pressure control valve control the max. pressure in
the controlled oil circuit
Basic Hydraulic
 Pressure reducing valve
Basic Hydraulic
 Pressure reducing valve
Basic Hydraulic
 Pressure Differential valve

The pressure differential valve


maintains a specified
difference in pressure
between two circuits.
Basic Hydraulic
 Pressure Differential valve
Basic Hydraulic
 Basic Component Of Hydraulic system
Direction control valves

Directional control valve are used to direct oil into separate circuits of a hyd.
System , the max. flow capacity and the pressure drop through the valve
are the first consideration .
Direction control valve interfaced with manual, hydraulics , pneumatic and
electric control , these factors are mostly determined during the initial
system design.
Basic Hydraulic
Direction control valves

Directional control valve are used


to direct oil into separate
circuits of a hyd. System
Basic Hydraulic
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 Flow path

 Three position valve


Basic Hydraulic
 Three Position , Six way , open center , Manual controlled valve
Basic Hydraulic
 Three Position , Six way , open center , Pilot controlled valve
Basic Hydraulic
 Directional control valve Actuator
Basic Hydraulic
 Check valve
Basic Hydraulic
Basic Hydraulic
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Basic Hydraulic
Basic Hydraulic
Basic Hydraulic
Basic Hydraulic

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