CONTENT:
Feminist Theory
CONTENT STANDARD:
• Key concepts and approaches in the Social Sciences
PERFORMANCE STANDARD:
• Interpret personal and social experiences using relevant
approaches in the Social Sciences.
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
• Determine the relationship between gender ideology and
gender inequality.
Definition
Feminism or feminist theory is a range of political
movements, ideologies, and social movements that
share a common goal which is to define an advance
political, economic, personal, and social rights for
women.
This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities
for women in education and employment.
History
Charles Fourier, a Utopian Socialist and
French philosopher, is credited with having
coined the word "féminisme" in 1837.
Fourier believed that all important jobs
should be open to women the basis of skill
and aptitude rather than closed on account
of gender. He spoke of women as
individuals, not as half the human couple.
History
The words "féminisme" and "féminist" first appeared
in France and the Netherlands in 1872.
Great Britain in the 1890s, and the United States in
1910.
Feminist Movements
The history of the modern western
feminist movements is divided into three
waves. Each wave dealt with different
aspects of the same feminist issues.
First Wave
The first wave comprised women's suffrage
movements of the nineteenth and early
twentieth centuries, promoting women's right
to vote.
Second Wave
The second wave was women's
liberation movement begin in associated
ideas and actions in the 1960s. The
second wave campaigned for legal and
social equality for women.
Third Wave
The third wave is a continuation
of, and a reaction to the
perceived failures of second-
wave feminism, beginning in the
1990s.
4 Basic Principles in Feminism
Working to increase equality:
Feminist thought links ideas to
action, insisting equality and not
just talk about it and should
push for change toward gender.
4 Basic Principles in Feminism
Expanding human choice:
Feminists believe that both men and women should have
the freedom to develop their human interests and talents,
even if those interests and talents conflict with the status.
For example, if a woman wants to be a mechanic, she
should have the right and opportunity to do so.
4 Basic Principles in Feminism
Eliminating gender stratification:
Feminists oppose laws and cultural
norms that limit income, educational
and job opportunities for women.
4 Basic Principles in Feminism
Fminism
Ending sexual violence and promoting sexual
freedom:
Feminists feel that women should
have control over their sexuality and
reproduction.
Types of Feminism
There are three basic forms of feminism:
• Liberal Feminism
• Social Feminism
• Radical Feminism
Liberal Feminism
Liberal feminism is an individualistic form of feminist theory,
which focuses on women’s ability to maintain their equality
•
through their own actions and choices.
•
Liberal feminists argue that society holds the false belief that
•
women are, by nature, less intellectually and physically capable
than men.
Socialist Feminism
Socialist feminism is a branch of feminism that
focuses upon both the public and private spheres of
a woman's life and argues that liberation can only
be achieved by working to end both the economic
and cultural sources of women's oppression.
Socialist Feminism
Socialist feminism is a two-pronged
theory that broadens Marxist
feminism's argument for the role of
capitalism in the oppression of women
and radical feminism's theory of the
role of gender and the patriarchy.
Radical Feminism
Radical feminism is a perspective within feminism
that calls for a radical reordering of society in which
male supremacy is eliminated in all social and
economic contexts.
Radical Feminism
Radical feminists seek to abolish patriarchy by
challenging existing social norms and institutions,
rather than through a purely political process.
This includes challenging the notion of traditional
gender roles, opposing the sexual objectification
of women, and raising public awareness about
such issues as rape and violence against women.
Radical Feminism
ACTIVITY 1:
1. Identifying different
female personalities and
knowing their greatest
contributions in the society.
Melchora
Aquino
Lydia de Vega
Sen. Miriam
Defensor
Santiago
Catriona Gray
ACTIVITY 2:
Group Activity:
1. The learners will be divided into two
groups for a debate.
Topic:
“Women are, by nature, less intellectually
and physically capable than men”.
