A D Patel Institute of Technology, CVM
University
ASPECS
• Research Paper Details
Arpan Patel (20AI10)
Index
• ABSTRACT
• INTRODUCTION
• LITERATURE SURVEY
• THERMO PRINCIPAL OF
WORKING(Methodology)
• EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
• CONCLUSION AND FUTURE
SCOPE
• REFERENCES
Abstract
• ASPECS is "Automated Smart Peltier based Eco-friendly Cooling System". Usually, Normal
Refrigeration System use Gases like CFC which harms the environment and consume more
power.
• However, HFC has no adverse effect on the ozone layer, but it is a form of gas. Our system
reduces the temperature without utilising gas. A Semiconductor has been used in the system for
cooling purpose.
• Peltier (Semiconductor) has a property of cooling and heating both when we provide a potential
difference at two endpoints of Peltier. One side of Peltier cools down below freezing point, on
the other hand, the opposite side of it generates heat. Our System drops the temperature
instantaneously. More over the design Structure allows the mobility.
Introduction
• There are Several different ways to create cooling system. It has been seen that
Refrigeration System has deeper impact on lifestyle. People generally use it to
preserve food and other products. Traditional fridge had CFC as a coolant, which was
the major contributor in the ozone layer depletion. Moreover, the system also requires
more power to run. The capacity of the refrigerator makes it more, bulky less
convenient for travellers. In addition, Maintenance cost affects the consumers
economically. A System like ASPECS could help people to resolve those issues.
Introduction
• The working of ASPECS is based on the Peltier effect in which two distinct
temperature is developed between the two junctions of the Semiconductor due to
which one surface of the Peltier becomes cold and other hot. In fridge, the cooler side
absorb the heat and opposite side release the heat in the environment by using heat
sink. The Surface area could increase or decrease according to the requirement and
usage.
• First and Foremost, merit of the system is it resolves the power issues. Regular System
works on 220 to 240 V while, Our System uses the Peltier which requires only 12 V to
work.
Introduction
• Another major impact is due to design and structure. One can easily reverse the
freezing and heating effect by just inverting the current flow. This system uses the
same concept to create the cooling as well as heating effect. So, it can work as a
refrigerator as well as a heating oven.
Literature Survey
• In this paper, they have used a typical Peltier plate of 4cm x 4cm. They have described
the working of the Peltier module. It is given that Thermoelectric module is made up
of small ceramic with P and N semiconductor material connected in series between
them. These elements are electrically parallel connected. 125 watts to be precise watts
to be distributed among three Peltier plate, module with 41.66 watts per module. Their
observation table shows that it takes 6 hrs to reach from 32 ̊C to 14.28 ̊C during night
moreover, this ratio increases and takes up to 9 hrs to reach 15 ̊C in day time.
Literature Survey
• In thermoelectric refrigeration system all traditional cooling mechanism is replaced by
the Semiconductor. The Study shows the thermo principal of working of the Peltier. In
experimental setup they used Newton’s law of cooling to calculate the heat exchange.
Where it gives data in the form of two distinct table one for TE module and another for
Heat sink fan. Overall power consumption of the system is given as 123.6 watt.
• Total power / load on the system = Total power consume by module + Power required
to drive a fan
• Total power on the system = 120 watt + 3.36 watt Total power /load on the system =
123.36 watt
Literature Survey
• In Smart Refrigeration System based on embedded
system they have stated that use of electronic
component will decrease the release of Co2 in the
environment. It also initiates development of various
ways to improve COP (Coefficient of Performance) of
thermoelectric refrigeration system. In addition to that
Semiconductor thermoelectric coolers offer temperature
control (< ± 0.1 °C) can be achieved with Peltier cooler.
The Range of their product is between 5 °C to 25 °C.
Interior cooled volume of 5 Litre and Retention for next
half hour. It has compact design which is far more better
Block Diagram of Smart Refrigeration System
than the refrigerator with compressor.
Thermo Principal of Working
• A Thermocouple has two distinct metals. Bothe are connected with each other
at one end point. The junction point of the two metals is known as “Sensing
junction”, which is connected to extension wires. More over the voltage is
known as the thermo- junction voltage, which is generated at the junction
point. This effect is known as Peltier effect.
• The circuit is shown in the diagram. Where two different junction point is
shown P and N. When we create potential difference at the end of the
semiconductor electron started flowing from negative to positive terminal of
battery. Both P and N junction of the metal are located in such a way that the
end point of both the connects each other.
• As per the diagram the junction point in the direction of the flow of electron
absorb the heat, in other words temperature drops there, on the opposite
junction point more heat is generated, that is released in the environment by
using a mechanical structure like heat sink or any other heat reducer. In regular
4 x 4 Peltier, there are thousands of P and N are present. Overall process needs
just 12V generate Peltier effect.
Working principal of TE module
Experimental Setup
• The design of the Refrigerator is made up of hard board. A door is provided at the top
of the fridge, which is made up of wooden sheet. Each side of the box has insulating
material. A Thermocol sheet is used to maintain low temperature inside the box. Front-
left and Front-Right surfaces has the thermoelectric module (TEC1-12706). Each of
them has 2 Peltier, so in total 4 Peltier are mounted on the sides. To cool down the
opposite end of the Peltier we have used Radiator (Cooler master: Hyper H410R 12v)
with coolant. Radiator is placed outside the box just over the Peltier.
Experimental Setup
• Design calculations:
Desired temperature: 8 °C
Ambient temperature: 32 °C
Cooling-time: 7 min
Mass of water to be cooled: 0.5 Kg
• Using Newton’s law of cooling:
Law: the rate of loss of heat from a body is directly proportional to the difference in
the temperature of the body and its surroundings.
Experimental Setup
• Calculation:
Qc = mCp x (Tamb - Tc) = 0.5 x 4180 (32 - 8) = 50232 J
Qc = 50232 / (7 x 60) = 119.6 watt
• So, 119.6 watt is needed to cool down the temperature from 32 °C to 8 °C.
Experimental Setup
• Power consumption Calculation:
• Total Power consumed by Peltier module
=60 (per Peltier) x 4 (Total number of modules)
= 240watt
• Power require for small fans Pfs
=1.2 (per fan) x 4 (Total number of fans)
= 4.8watt
• Power require for Radiator Pr
=2.2 (per module) x 4 (Total number of radiators)
= 8.8watt
Experimental Setup
• Total power consumption of ASPECS
=Power consumption of Peltier module +
Power require to drive small fans + Power consume by
Radiator
= 240 + 4.8 + 8.8
= 253.6watt
= 253.6 / 1000
= 0.2536 unit per hr
• Per day Power consumption
= unit per hr x 24
= 0.2536 x 24
= 6.0864
Experimental Setup
• Per year Power consumption
= unit per day x 365
= 6.0864 x 365
• Cost Calculation:
Per day Cost (Rs.)
= unit per day x 6
= 6.0864 x 6
= 36.5184
Observation Tables
Time Temperature Time Temperature
Sr No. Sr No.
(2 Min Delay) (°C) (2 Min Delay) (°C)
1 1:00 pm 33.67 1 1:00 am 25.7
2 1:02 pm 32.5 2 1:02 am 24.3
3 1:04 pm 31.4 3 1:04 am 23.1
4 1:06 pm 29.7 4 1:06 am 20.6
5 1:08 pm 25.2 5 1:08 am 18.5
6 1:10 pm 22.7 6 1:10 am 16.8
7 1:12 pm 20.3 7 1:12 am 14.4
8 1:14 pm 18.7 8 1:14 am 12.7
9 1:16 pm 17.1 9 1:16 am 11.9
10 1:18 pm 15.9 10 1:18 am 10.8
11 1:20 pm 14.3 11 1:20 am 9.9
Observation Table-1 (Day) Observation Table-2 (Night)
Conclusion & Future Scope
• ASPECS is more reliable than other systems, as it has a unique structure which
provides mobility also it doesn’t use any kind of gases which are harmful for the
environment.
• It can be used as a portable refrigerator and also for domestic purpose which makes it
different from others.
• Moreover, there are some modifications which could improve the system in batter
way. Fault finding in any refrigerator is a tedious job for everyone so, to solve this one
an IoT system can be implemented where the user will be notified whenever a fault is
detected
References
1. Kshitij Rokde, Mitali Patle, Tushar Kalamdar, Radha Gulhane, Rahul Hiware.”Peltier Based Eco-Friendly
Smart Refrigerator for Rural Areas” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and
Software Engineering, Volume 7, May 2017.
2. Ganesh S. Dhumal, P.A. Deshmukh, M. L. Kulkarni, “Experimental Investigation Of Thermoelectric
Refrigeration System Running On Solar Energy And Development Of Mathematical Model”, International
Engineering Research Journal (IERJ) Volume 1 Issue 5 Page 232-238, 2015, ISSN 2395-1621.
3. Manisha Barawkar, Ameya Kulkarni, Nital Tayade, Pratik Chistalkar, “ Smart Refrigeration System Based on
Embedded System”
hand gesture recognition”. International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication
Engineering. V ol.7, Issue 2 , February 2019.
4. Chen K, William SBB. An analysis of the heat transfer rate and efficiency of thermoelectric cooling systems.
International Journal of Energy Research 1996; 20:399– 417.
References
5. Chen J, Andresen B. The maximum coefficient of performance of thermoelectric cooling
systems. International Journal of Ambient Energy 1996;17:22–8.
6. Winder EJ, Ellis AB. Thermoelectric devices: solidstate refrigerators and electrical
generators in the classroom. Journal of Chemical Education 1996; 73(10):940–6.
7. Sofrata H. Heat rejection alternatives for thermoelectric refrigerators. Energy Conversion
and Management 1996;37(3):269–80.
8. Abdul-Wahab Sabah A., Elkamel A., Al-Damkhi Ali M., Al-Habsi Is'haq A., Al-Rubai'ey'
Hilal S., Al-Battashi Abdulaziz K., Al-Tamimi Ali R., Al- Mamari Khamis H. & Chutani
Muhammad U., Design and experimental investigation of portable solar thermoelectric
refrigerator, Renewable Energy, 34(1), 2009, 30-34.
Thank You!!!
