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Are You Ready To Learn?

This document provides an introduction to sets including: - Georg Cantor who developed the theory of sets and defined a set as a collection of distinct objects. - Notation for sets using braces {} and listing elements separated by commas. - Two methods for describing sets - roster/tabular method and rule/set-builder notation. - Key set concepts like elements, membership, universal sets, cardinality, equal vs. equivalent sets.

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Joefrey Pujadas Baluma
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73 views22 pages

Are You Ready To Learn?

This document provides an introduction to sets including: - Georg Cantor who developed the theory of sets and defined a set as a collection of distinct objects. - Notation for sets using braces {} and listing elements separated by commas. - Two methods for describing sets - roster/tabular method and rule/set-builder notation. - Key set concepts like elements, membership, universal sets, cardinality, equal vs. equivalent sets.

Uploaded by

Joefrey Pujadas Baluma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Hello!

Are you
Ready to
LEARN?
Introduction to
SETS
GEORG CANTOR (1845- 1918)

Developed the
THEORY OF SETS
DEFINITION OF A SET
Cantor described a set as a collection of
DEFINITE, DISTINGUISHABLE
objects of our perception to be conceived as
a whole.
The individual objects are called
ELEMENTS or MEMBERS of the
set.
A set is any
WELL- DEFINED
collection of
objects
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING
COLLECTIONS ARE SETS?
A.The past governors of Bohol
province

X
B.Good runners who have played
for the national team
NOTATION AND DESCRIPTION
OF A SET

BRACES

X
() { }[]
ELEMENTS OF A SET ARE
SEPARATED BY COMMA

A= {1, 2 ,3, 4}
METHODS OF DESCRIBING A SET

1. Roster Method or Tabular Method

2. Rule Method or Set-Builder Notation


Roster Method or Tabular Method

Elements are listed or enumerated

A= {a, e, i, o, u}
B= { 2, 4, 6 , 8, 10}
Rule Method or Set-Builder
Notation

Common characteristics
of the elements of a set
are described
Rule Method or Set-Builder
Notation

A= {vowel letters in the English Alphabet}

A={x/x is a vowel letter in the English Alphabet}


Rule Method or Set-Builder
Notation

B= {days of the week that begin with


letter S}
B= {x/x is a day of the week beginning
with letter S}
Sets are usually denoted by capital letters such as

∈ ∈
   
A, B, C and so on.

An element of
Not an element of
Given set:
S= (x/x is a kind of flower)
• 

Rose
Mango
Additional
Descriptions
• 
A set without elements is
called an empty set or null
set and is denoted by { } or
the symbol ø.
A= { } or A=
A set which contains
only one element is
called UNIT SET.
Universal set or universe is
the set that comprises all
elements being considered in
a particular discussion. It is
denoted by big letter U
CARDINALITY OF A SET
Refers to the number of elements in
a given set.
Example: A= {a,e,i,o,u}

n(A)= 5
EQUAL AND EQUIVALENT

EQUAL
SET A SET B

a, e, i, u, o, i,
o, u e, a
EQUAL AND EQUIVALENT

EQUIVALENT
SET A SET B

≅
 

a, c, d, u, o, i,
e, f e, a

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