GE8071
DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
Hazard is defined as a process, phenomenon or human activity that may causes
loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damages, social and economic
disruption or environmental degradation.
DISASTER
Disaster are hazards that causes destruction or environmental changes.
Types
Natural disaster
man made disaster
LIST OF NATURAL
DISASTERS
Earthquake
Flood
Cyclone
Drought
Land slide
Tsunami
LIST OF MAN MADE
DISASTERS
Nuclear bombing
Deforestation
Road/ Train accidents
VULNERABILITY
Vulnerability describes the characteristics and circumstances of a community,
system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard
EXAMPLES
Poor design and construction of building
RISK
EARTHQUAKE
BEFORE AND DURING
Make new constructions earthquake resistant in construction of professional
structural engineer, if possible
Prepare a family disaster plan including preparation of emergency kit which will
make you self sufficient for a minimum of three days with adequate supply of
drinking water, dry food items, stock of basic medicines, baby food item etc.
Falling object must be given additional fixing so that they don’t fall while shaking
If outdoors, move to an open area away from all structure, especially building,
bridges, trees and overhead power lines.
AFTER
Check yourself for injuries. Help those in need
Check all power connections at home/office before switching them on (beware:
chances of short circuits might happen)
Stay out of damaged buildings
Listen to the ratios or watch local tv for emergency information and additional safety
instruction
DROUGHT
Never waste water, use it to water your indoor plants or garden
especially in summers.
Check all plumbing for leaks and get them repaired
Install irrigation devices that are most water efficient for each
use, such as micro and drip irrigation
Consider rainwater harvesting wherever practical.
Avoid flushing the toilet unnecessarily
FLOODS
BEFORE AND DURING
All your family member should know the safe route to nearest raised shelters.
Listen to the local ratio/tv for warnings and advice
Have an emergency kit ready wit basic medicines and sanitary pads, baby food
items, important documents etc.
Keep dry food, drinking water and clothes ready
Drink preferably boiled water. Keep your food covered, don’t take heavy meals.
Be careful of snake bites which are common in post floods
After
Pack clothing, essential medication, valuables, persona papers,
etc. in water proof bags, to taken with your emergency kit.
Move to high rise floor, raise furniture, clothing and valuables
onto beds, tables
Turn off the main power supply. Do not use electrical
appliances, which have been in flood water.
Do not allow children to play in, or near flood water
LANDSLIDE
BEFORE AND DURING
Avoid building houses near steep slopes, closes to mountain edges, near drainage
ways.
Stay calm and do not panic. Stay together
Move away from the path of a landslide or debris flow as quickly as possible.
Inform nearest headquarters
Plant trees to protect soil from eroding
AFTER
Go to designated public shelter if you have been asked to
evacuate.
Stay away from the slide area as there may be danger of
additional slides.
Do not drink contaminated water from rivers, springs, well
etc.
FIRE
DO’S AND DON’TS
In case of fire, dial 101 ( or the special number for fire
service in your area)
Keep buckets of water and blankets ready. Keep fire
extinguishers and regularly re-fill them.
Don’t burn crackers in crowded, congested places or
inside house
Don’t dispose lighted cigarette ends carelessly
TSUNAMI
BEFORE AND DURING
Find out if your home is in a danger area.
Stay away from beach (never go down to the beach to watch an approaching
storm surge
Listen to a radio or tv to get the latest information and be ready to evacuate
If you hear an official warning, evacuate at once. Return home only after
authorities advice it is safe to do so.
Stay away from any structures that may have been weakened by earthquake.
After
Help injured persons. Provide for first aid.
Stay away from flooded and damaged areas until officials say it is safe to return.
Use flashlight when entering damaged houses. Check for electrical short circuit
and live wires.
