PRESENTATION POINTS
DEFINITION OF A GREEN HIGHWAY (GHW)
• MATERIALS USED FOR THE GREEN HIGHWAYS
• STEPS INVOLVED IN DESIGNING OF GREEN HIGHWAYS
• HOW SHOULD THE SYSTEM OF GHW IS DESIGNED ?
• KEY AREAS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN HIGHWAY
• BENEFITS OF GHW
• CONCLUSION
DEFINITION OF GREEN HIGHWAY
o A Green highway is a roadway constructed per
a relatively new concept for roadway design
that integrates transportation functionality
and ecological sustainability.
o An environmental approach is used throughout
the planning, design, and the construction. The
result is a highway that will benefit
transportation, the ecosystem, urban growth,
public health and surrounding communities.
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MATERIALS USED FOR LAYING GREEN
HIGHWAY
o Coal combustion by-products
1. Fly-ash
o Foundry by-products
1. Foundry sand
o Scrap tires
1. Disposal of automobiles tires
o Bitumen used
1. Warm asphalt mix (WAM)
2. Half warm mix (HWM)
2
COAL COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCT
o fly-ash is spreading over
the surface area
o fly-ash is mixed thoroughly
3
o Grading the fly-ash for
equal levels
o Compaction of fly-ash
o fly-ash is used for the base-plate (or) bed plate, means the
first layer of the green highway .
4
FOUNDRY BY-PRODUCT
o foundry sand is used for the
backfill and retaining walls .
o 85% is the base sand ( yellow)
o 7% is the bentonite . (red)
o 5% is the water content (blue )
o 3% is the organic matter (green)
o All these 4 components are
mixed well ,to maintain the
desirable properties .
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DISPOSAL OF AUTOMOBLIES TIRES
o Automobiles disposal
tires can be used to
enhance the strength
properties of soils by
internal fiber
reinforcement.
o Tire chips can be used in
mixtures with sandy silt but
increases in strength
were not observed in the
clay-tire chip mixtures.
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BITUMEN USED
o Green pavement materials such as bituminous
emulsions and foam bitumen have been successfully
used in other parts of the world to rehabilitate existing
pavements.
o For laying the pavements Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR) or
Cold In- Plant recycling techniques are popularly used for the
past three decades in USA and other countries for pavement
rehabilitation.
o Warm asphalt mix (WAM) and half warm mix (HWM), which are prepared
and used at much lower temperature than hot mix asphalt mix (HMA), are
also being extensively used to minimize the air pollution .
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STEPS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION OF
GHW?
o There are 3 steps involved in designing of green
highways ..
1. Planning & preliminary design .
2. Final design & construction .
3. Operations & maintenance .
PLANNING & PRELIMINARY DESIGN :-
Planning is key to the ultimate development of a
Green Highway. Combining the principles in the
FHWA’s (federal highway administration) "Linking
Planning" 8
o Preliminary Design typically involves the formal “environmental
review process” for the development of
highway projects
e.g. :- Mid - Atlantic transportation & environmental
stream lining process .
o FINAL DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION :-
- Final design is the stage where Industrial by-products and
recycled materials can be incorporated into the project.
- Construction processes can be used that minimized disturbance of
lands not needed for the highway cross-section and balance the
cut and fill to avoid the use of virgin materials. The result is a
highway that will benefit transportation, the ecosystem, urban
growth, and surrounding communities.
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o OPERATION & MAINTENANCE :-
- Operations includes, the range of activities/services
provided by the transportation system.
- Maintenance relates to the upkeep and preservation
of the existing system.GHP(GREEN HIGHWAY PARTNERSHIP)
activities in the operations and management stage is a
constant effort to optimize traffic flow, implement storm
water, maximize recycling, and reduce overall
environmental impact.
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HOW SHOULD THE GHW SYSTEM
IS DESIGNED ?
o A general set of key areas need to be developed.
o Regional experts should present the needs for
their particular area .
o Individual topics within each key area should be
developed .
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KEY AREAS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF
GREEN HIGHWAY
Conservation Watershed Driven
and Ecosystem Storm Water
Management Management
Lifecycle
Overall
Energy and
Societal
Emissions
Benefits
Reduction
Recycle,
Reuse
and Renewable
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WATERSHED DRIVEN STROM WATER
MANAGEMENT
o Natural treatment
methods also reduce peak
flows into streams and
reduce scouring.
oWatershed improvement
plans should include a menu
of environmental enhancement
projects with cost estimates,
environmental benefits,
restoration goals and
relative priority.
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LIFECYCLE ENERGY & EMISSIONS
REDUCTION
ENERGY :-
Using 50% fly ash can save the
equivalent energy in 6.4
billion gallons of gas annually.
EMISSIONS :-
2.9 billion gallons of gas was
wasted due to vehicles
driving in 2007.
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RECYCLE,REUSE & RENEWABLE
o Many recycled/renewable
materials produce a cost
benefit.
o Extensive studies have
been implemented.
-2004 to 2005 study showed
Avoided equivalent CO2
emissions of 4.2 million tons
Water savings over 55 million
gallons
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CONSERVATION & ECOSYSTEM
MANAGEMENT
o Provide animal crossing
structures.
o Wildlife buffer zones
o Reduce animal vehicle
crashes by 97%
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ANIMALS CROSSING
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OVER ALL SOCIETAL BENEFITS
o Highways are tied to the
quality of life in a particular area.
o Highways has an important
economic role.
o Many benefits are presented in
the previous four areas.
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WORLD FIRST GREEN HIGHWAY
o Finland green highway is the world first
green highway , which stretches of 81 miles
from Turku and vaalimaa near the Russian
boarder
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BENEFITS OF GHW
o Green Highway can give significant economic and
environmental benefits for the public during highway
improvements with concrete pavements.
e.g.: - Concrete with WAM (or) HWM surfaces (fig-2)will
reduces rolling resistance , fuel consumption rates
compared to hot asphalt surfaces.(fig-1)
fig-1 fig-2
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o Landfill usage is favorably reduced as construction
involves recycled materials.
o Public participation in recycling programmers .
o By using cutting-edge technologies in design,
critical habitats and ecosystems are protected from the
encroachment of highway infrastructure .
o Very economical when compared to normal highways .
o Provide a net increase in environmental functions and
values of a water shed .
o Use recycled materials to eliminate waste and reduce
the energy required to build the highway.
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REFERENCES
http://www.greenhighways.org
http://www.dnr.state.md.us/greenways/gi/gi.html
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/wildlifecrossings/
http://www.environment.fhwa.dot.gov/ecological/eco_index.asp
CONCLUSION
SUSTAINABILITY IS THE GREAT GAME IN TRANSPORTATION
THE GAME BECOMES SERIOUS WHEN YOU KEEP SCORE
GREEN HIGHWAYS KEEPS SCORE
ANY QUERIES
