Tenses:
Tense is derived from three words.
● Latin—------Tempus
● French—---Tense
● Greek—----Tenses
In short, tense means time or Era.
Definition:
Tense is a facet of a verb that indicates the relationship between time,
condition, and other forms of a verb.
OR
It is a grammatical term used to indicate whether an action or situation
takes place in the present, past, or future, whether it is a single or
repeated action, and whether the action is finished or unfinished
Examples:
● Ali studies English
● She has been to Islamabad many times
Kinds of tenses:
We have mainly three tenses.
Present tense:
Shows the action or situation that takes place in the present time.
E.g.
We study English.
Past Tense:
Shows the action or situation that took place in the past time.
E.g. We studied English
Future tense:
Shows the action or situation that will take place in future
We will study English.
Stages of Tenses:
● Syntax stage:
We study the formation or structure of tenses.
● Explanation stage:
We study the usage of tenses
● Implementation stage:
We make examples using the tenses
Future Indefinite tense
Main structure:
Positive:SUB+will/shall+main verb_1st+Object
Negative:Sub+will/shall+not+main verb—1st+object
Interogative:will/shall+sub+main verb----1 st+object?
[Link]:WH family+will/shall+sub+main verb---1 st+object?
Shall and will:
Shall: I and WE
Will: Rest all
Conditional use:
If in a sentence, the verb shows determination, action, or threat then the rule for “will” and “shall” will be
reversed
Examples of future indefinite tense
I shall go.
میں جاؤں گا.
You will come.
I shall meet you
I will go(shows determination)
I shall not meet you(negative)
He will not go home. (neg)
Will you go there? (interrogative)
کیا آپ وہاں جائیں گے
Why will you go there? (Double interrogative)
When will you come?(Interrogative double)
Future Continuous tense
Main structure:
Positive: Sub+shall/will+ be + main verb 1st+ing + obj
Negative :Sub+shall/will+not+be+main verb 1st+ing+obj
Interrogative: shall/will+sub+be+main verb 1st+ing+obj
[Link]: Wh family+shall/will+sub+be+main verb 1 st+ing+obj?
Future continuous tense Examples
I shall be coming
YOU will be writing
آپ لکھ رہے ہوں گے
He will not be telling a lie
Will he be coming? (interrogating)
کیا وہ آ رہا ہو گا؟
Shall I be going? (interrogative)
Will you be watching me?
Why will you be watching me?
تم مجھے کیوں دیکھ رہے ہو؟
Future perfect tense
Main structure:
Affirmative :sub+will/shall+have+verb 3rd+obj
Negative :sub+will/shall+not+have+verb 3rd+obj
Interrogative: will/shall+sub+have+verb 3rd+obj
Examples :future perfect tense
You will have come here آپ یہاں آئے ہوں گے
I’ll have met you
You will have eaten the food
I will not have met you
میں تم سے نہیں مال ہو گا
Will you have met me?
Future perfect continuous tense
Positive:SUB+will/shall+have been+main verb 1st +ing+obj+Since/for
Negative: sub+will/shall +not+have been +main verb 1st +ing+obj+since/for
Interrogative: will/shall+sub+have+verb been+main verb 1 st +ing+obj +since/for
Examples of future perfect continuous
tense
She will have been eating the food for two hours.
وہ دو گھنٹے سے کھانا کھا رہی ہوگی۔
He will have been living in Paris for 10 years
He will have been celebrating his birthday since 10 th June
I will not have been teaching you for two days
He will not have been going home for ten days
Will you have been living in Lahore for 10 years?
سال سے الہور میں رہ رہے ہیں؟10 کیا آپ
