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PLANT and ANIMAL CELLS

1. Plant and animal cells contain organelles that allow them to carry out essential functions. While both contain a nucleus, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm, plant cells have additional structures like a cell wall and chloroplasts that animal cells lack. 2. Key differences identified through comparing diagrams of plant and animal cells include plant cells having a cell wall for protection and shape and multiple chloroplasts for photosynthesis. 3. A Venn diagram activity requires students to identify shared and unique organelles to better understand the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells.

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1K views16 pages

PLANT and ANIMAL CELLS

1. Plant and animal cells contain organelles that allow them to carry out essential functions. While both contain a nucleus, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm, plant cells have additional structures like a cell wall and chloroplasts that animal cells lack. 2. Key differences identified through comparing diagrams of plant and animal cells include plant cells having a cell wall for protection and shape and multiple chloroplasts for photosynthesis. 3. A Venn diagram activity requires students to identify shared and unique organelles to better understand the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells.

Uploaded by

joan ruby bautista
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to Cells: Introduces the concept of cells, differences between single-celled and multicellular organisms, and the use of microscopes for studying cells.
  • Activity 1: Comparing Plant and Animal Cells: An activity designed to help students compare plant and animal cells, focusing on identifying cell parts and constructing a Venn Diagram.
  • Question and Analysis: Questions and explanations that guide students through the process of analyzing similarities and differences between plant and animal cells.
  • Cell Structure and Function: Detailed explanation of cell structures such as the nucleus, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm, and their functions.

PLANT and ANIMAL CELLS

• All organisms, big or small consist of


cells. Some organisms are
single-celled, composed of only one cell.
Others are multicellular, possessing
many cells that work together to form an
organism. The moss plant for
example, may be made up of hundreds or
thousands cells. Your body has
billions of cells while very large animals like
elephants have trillions.
• Most cells are so small that they can only be seen
using the microscope. It is a special
equipment to make small objects like cells look bigger.
One kind of microscope used to study
cells is called a light microscope. Light microscopes
use diffused or artificial light to illuminate the object
to be observed. From the simplest to the most
powerful and sophisticated microscopes, scientists
were able to gather information about cells. What you
will see and learn about cells later have been revealed
by microscopes. If your school has microscope, your
teacher will teach you how to use it through
activities you will perform.
• Activity 1
Comparing plant and animal cells
• Objectives
After doing this activity, you should be able to:
1. identify parts of the cell;
2. describe plant and animal cells;
3. differentiate plant cells from animal cells;
4. construct a Venn Diagram to show parts that
are common to both and parts that are
only found in either plant or animal cells.
• Materials Needed
sheet of paper
ballpen or pencil
Illustrations in Figures 1 and 2
• Procedure
1. Study closely Figures 1 and 2. These are
diagrammatic presentations of
plant and animal cells and their parts.
Figure 1. Parts of a plant cell
Figure 2. Parts of an animal cell
• Q1. Compare the shape of a plant cell
with that of an animal cell as shown in
Figures 1 and 2.
• Q2. Which cell parts are found in both
cells?
• Q3. Which are present only in animal
cells?
• Q4. Which are present only in plant
cells?
• A Venn Diagram shows relationships between
and among sets or groups of objects that have
something in common. It uses two circles that
overlap with one another. The common things
are found in the overlapping area, while the
differences are in the non-overlapping areas.
• 2. Using the information you have gathered
from Figures 1 and 2, construct a Venn
diagram of plant and animal cells on a sheet
of paper. Label the overlapping and non-
overlapping areas.
• 3. Present and explain your Venn diagram to class.
• Q5. Based on your observations and study of
plant and animal cells, cite differences and
similarities between them.
• A cell has three basic parts: the nucleus, plasma
membrane and cytoplasm. The nucleus is a part
of cells which is easily seen. It is very important
because it controls all the activities of the other
parts that occur within the cell. The nucleus
contains materials that play a role in heredity. You
will discuss about these materials in the later
modules and grade levels.
• The plasma membrane encloses the cell
and separates what is inside it from its
environment. It also controls what goes into
and out of the cell.
• The plasma membrane allows entry of
materials needed by the cell and eliminates
those which are not needed.
• Q6. What do you think will happen to the
cell if the plasma membrane does not
function properly?
• The cytoplasm consists of a jelly-like
substance where all the other parts of the
cell are located. It does not however,
include the area where the nucleus is
located. Many different activities of the
cell occur in the cytoplasm. You have seen
that plant cells have cell walls and
chloroplasts that are not found in animal
cells. The cell wall is made of stiff material
that forms the outermost part of plant cells.
This gives shape and protection to them
• Q7. What is the purpose of the cell wall in plants?
• Q8. Look at Fig. 1 again. Why are there several
chloroplasts in the plant cell?
• Vacuoles are present in both plant and animal cells.
In plant cells, they are large and usually occupy more
than half of the cell space. They play a role in storing
nutrients and increasing cell size during growth. Some
plant vacuoles contain poisonous substances. Vacuoles
also store water, thereby maintaining rigidity to cells
and
provide support for plants to stand upright. Plant cell
vacuoles are responsible for the crisp appearance
of fresh vegetables.
Vacuoles in animal cells are small and are
called vesicles. They serve as storage of water
and food and also function in the excretion of
waste materials.
• Q9. How would vacuoles in plants serve as
defense against animals that eat them?
You have observed that centrioles are only
found in animal cells. These have a role in cell
reproduction which you will take up in the
higher grade levels.
• You have been introduced to the
basic parts of plant and animal cells.
For functions of the mitochondrion,
golgi body, endoplasmic reticulum
(rough and smooth), lysosomes and
ribosomes which are not discussed
here, you will come to know about
them in the other grade level modules.

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