Scribd
Upload
49 views14 pages

Social and Emotional Development - Slides 1

1) Attachment is the positive emotional bond between a child and caregiver that provides safety and security. Sensitive caregiving that is responsive to infants' needs promotes secure attachment. 2) Research on animals and humans shows that attachment is based both on biological factors like imprinting as well as emotional needs for contact and care. 3) The quality of early attachment relationships can influence social and emotional development and later relationships, but insecure attachment does not determine outcomes.

Uploaded by

Eren Turgut
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • social bonds,
  • child development,
  • secure attachment,
  • affection,
  • emotional attachment,
  • infant care,
  • behavioral observation,
  • research studies,
  • Harlow,
  • delayed imitation
49 views14 pages

Social and Emotional Development - Slides 1

1) Attachment is the positive emotional bond between a child and caregiver that provides safety and security. Sensitive caregiving that is responsive to infants' needs promotes secure attachment. 2) Research on animals and humans shows that attachment is based both on biological factors like imprinting as well as emotional needs for contact and care. 3) The quality of early attachment relationships can influence social and emotional development and later relationships, but insecure attachment does not determine outcomes.

Uploaded by

Eren Turgut
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • social bonds,
  • child development,
  • secure attachment,
  • affection,
  • emotional attachment,
  • infant care,
  • behavioral observation,
  • research studies,
  • Harlow,
  • delayed imitation

SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL

DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 9
MODULE 9.1
FORGING EARLY SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS
What is attachment?

Attachment

•Positive emotional bond that develops between a


child and a particular, special individual

•When children experience attachment to a given


person, they feel pleasure when they are with them
and feel comforted by their presence at times of
distress.

•Most important aspect of infant social development


Understanding Attachment

• Earliest animal research


suggests attachment
based on biologically
determined factors
• Lorenz imprinted
goslings
• Imprinting: behavior that
takes place during a
critical period and involves
attachment to the first
moving object that is
observed.
Understanding Attachment

• Not only biological needs

• Harlow  contact-seeking
monkeys

• Harlow's research showed that


monkeys preferred the terry-cloth,
soft “mother” over the wire
“monkey” that provided food
Understanding Attachment

Bowlby

•Earliest human research suggests attachment based on


needs for safety and security

•Attachment provides home base through qualitatively


unique relationship with individual who best provides
safety

•As children become more independent, they


progressively roam further away from their secure base
Ainsworth Strange Situation

•Widely used experimental technique to measure


attachment

•Sequence of staged episodes that illustrate


strength of attachment between child and (typically)
mother
And then there were four…

Recent expansion of Ainsworth work suggests fourth


category: disorganized-disoriented

•Inconsistent, contradictory, and confused behavior

•May be least securely attached


Does the quality of attachment have
significant consequences for later
life relationships?
Yes But
•Securely attached 1- year- •Children who do not have a
old males show fewer secure attachment style
psychological difficulties at during infancy do not
older ages invariably experience
difficulties later in life

•Securely attached infants


are more socially and •Children with a secure
emotionally competent later attachment at age 1 do not
and more positively viewed always have good
adjustment later in life

•Adult romantic relationships


are associated with
attachment style developed
during infancy
What roles do parents play in
producing attachment?

Mothers
•Sensitivity to their infants' needs and desires is hallmark of
mothers of securely attached infants
• Aware of moods and feelings
• Responsive in face-to-face interactions
• Feeds “on demand”
• Demonstrates warmth and affection
• Responsiveness  Responds rapidly and positively to
cues

• Interactional synchrony
What roles do parents play in
producing attachment?

Fathers
•Infants can form their primary initial relationship
with their fathers

•Expressions of nurturance, warmth, affection,


support, and concern are extremely important to
infant emotional and social well-being

•Some psychological disorders, such as substance


abuse and depression, are related more to fathers'
than mothers' behavior
Do all infants attach to only one
parent?

• Infants' social bonds extend beyond their parents,


especially as they grow older

• Most infants form their first primary relationship with


one person

• One-third have multiple relationships

• By 18 months, most infants have formed multiple


relationships
Infant-infant interaction
Imitation

With age, infants begin to imitate each other and adults

•Social function
•Powerful teaching tool
•Delayed imitation
•May be inborn skill  mirror neurons  fire not only when
an individual enacts particular behavior, but also when
individual simply observes another organism carrying out
same behavior

You might also like