United nations
UNITED NATIONS
AGENDA
HISTORY
MILESTONE IN UN HISTORY
THE SAN FRANCISCO
CONFERENCE
PREPARATORY: UN CHARTER
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PREDECESSOR: THE LEAGUE
OF NATIONS
PRESENTATION TITLE
ANO ANG UNITED
NATIONS?
• The United Nations is an international
organization founded in 1945.
• Currently made up of 193 Member States, the
UN and its work are guided by the purposes
and principles contained in its founding
3 Charter.
SINO ANG FOUNDER?
PRESIDENT FRANKLIN
ROOSEVELT
Presidente ng Estados
Unidos na nagtatag at
nagpangalan sa United
4
Nations.
PRIMARY GOALS
DISCUSS COMMON PROBLEMS, AND
FIND SHARED SOLUTIONS THAT
BENEFIT ALL OF HUMANITY.
HISTORY OF UNITED NATIONS
HISTORY OF UNITED
NATIONS
• As World War II was about to end in 1945,
nations were in ruins, and the world wanted
peace. Representatives of 50 countries
gathered at the United Nations Conference on
International Organization in San Francisco,
California from 25 April to 26 June 1945.
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HISTORY OF UNITED
NATIONS
• ANG PILIPINAS ay isa sa mga unang
bansa at delegates ng United Nations at
ito ay naging miyembro noong 1945.
• At tanging bansa sa Asya nakapag
ratified ng 8 sa 9 core international
8
human right treaties
HISTORY OF UNITED
NATIONS
• Four months after the San Francisco Conference
ended, the United Nations officially began, on 24
October 1945, when it came into existence after its
Charter had been ratified by China, France, the
Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United
States and by a majority of other signatories.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
UN HISTORY MILESTONE
Inter-Allied Declaration:
The Declaration of St. James's Palace
Signed in London on 12 June 1941, the
Inter-Allied Declaration was a first step towards the
establishment of the United Nations.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
Atlantic Charter
On 14 August 1941, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt of the
United States and Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United
Kingdom proposed a set of principles for international
collaboration in maintaining peace and security.
The document, signed during a meeting on the ship H.M.S. Prince
of Wales, "somewhere at sea", is known as the Atlantic Charter.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
Declaration by United Nations
On 1 January 1942, representatives of 26 Allied nations
fighting against the Axis Powers met in Washington, D.C.
to pledge their support for the Atlantic Charter by signing "
Declaration by United Nations".
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
San Francisco Conference
On 25 April 1945, delegates of 50 nations met in
San Francisco for the United Nations Conference on
International Organization.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
General Assembly First Session
The first General Assembly, with 51 nations
represented opens in Central Hall, Westminster,
London.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
General Assembly First Resolution
General Assembly adopts its first resolution.
Its main focus: peaceful uses of atomic energy and
the elimination of atomic and other weapons of mass
destruction.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
First Secretary -
General Trygve Lie
(Norway)
Mr. Lie serves as Secretary-
General from 2 Feb 1946 to
10 April 1952.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
First Peacekeeping Operation:
UNTSO
United Nations Troop Supervision Organization
(UNTSO) was the first peacekeeping operation
established by the United Nations.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
During Mr. Lie's tenure, the General Assembly adopts the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Paris. Its entire
text was composed in less than two years, during a time
when the world was divided into Eastern and Western
blocks.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
• Nangangalaga at pumoprotekta
sa Karapatan ng Tao.
• Pagbasa ni Mrs. Eleonor
Roosevelt ng Declaration ng
UDHR
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WOMEN WHO SHAPED THE DECLARATION OF
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
ELEANOR ROOSEVELT
First lady of the United States of
America from 1933 to 1945, Eleanor
Roosevelt was appointed, in 1946, as
a delegate to the United Nations
General Assembly by United States
President Harry S. Truman.
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WOMEN WHO SHAPED THE DECLARATION OF
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
ELEANOR ROOSEVELT
She served as the first Chairperson of
the Commission on Human Rights
and played an instrumental role in
drafting the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights.
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WOMEN WHO SHAPED THE DECLARATION OF
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
HANSA MEHTA
She is widely credited with
changing the phrase "All men are
born free and equal" to "All human
beings are born free and equal" in
Article 1 of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
State of Israel & Arab States Cease-fire
A UN envoy, Ralph Bunche secures cease-fire
between the new State of Israel and Arab States.
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UN HISTORY MILESTONE
Ralph Bunche:
Nobel Peace Prize Winner
Ralph Bunche received the 1950 No
bel Peace Prize
for his late 1940s mediation in
Israel.
He was the first African American
and person of color to be so honored
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in the history of the prize.
THE SAN FRANCISCO CONFERENCE
Delegates of fifty nations met in San Francisco, California,
USA, between 25 April and 26 June 1945 at the United
Nations Conference on International Organization.
Working on the Dumbarton Oaks proposals, the Yalta
Agreement, and amendments proposed by various
governments, the Conference agreed upon the Charter of
the United Nations and the Statute of the new International
Court of Justice.
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PREPARATORY YEARS: UN
CHARTER HISTORY
PREPARATORY YEARS: UN CHARTER
HISTORY
The UN Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by
representatives of the 50 countries attending the
United Nations Conference on International
Organization in San Francisco.
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PREPARATORY YEARS: UN CHARTER
HISTORY
Poland, which was not represented, signed
it later and became one of the UN's original
51 Member States.
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PREDECESSOR: THE LEAGUE OF
NATIONS
The Palais des Nations in Geneva, Switzerland,
home of the UN Office at Geneva. The Palais was
built in the 1930s to be the home of the League of
Nations.
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UN MAIN BODIES
MAIN BODIES
• General Assembly
• Security Council
• Economic and Social Council
• Trusteeship Council
• International Court of Justice
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• UN Secretariat.
UN MAIN BODIES
General Assembly
The General Assembly is the main deliberative,
policymaking and representative organ of the UN. All
193 Member States of the UN are represented in the
General Assembly, making it the only UN body with
universal representation.
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UN MAIN BODIES
General Assembly
Each year, in September, the full UN membership meets in
the General Assembly Hall in New York for the annual
General Assembly session, and general debate, which
many heads of state attend and address.
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UN MAIN BODIES
General Assembly
Each year, in September, the full UN membership meets in
the General Assembly Hall in New York for the annual
General Assembly session, and general debate, which
many heads of state attend and address.
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UN MAIN BODIES
General Assembly
The General Assembly, each year, elects a
GA President to serve a one-year term of office.
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UN MAIN BODIES
Security Council
The Security Council has primary responsibility,
under the UN Charter, for the maintenance of
international peace and security. It has 15 Members
(5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members).
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UN MAIN BODIES
Security Council
The Security Council has a Presidency, which
rotates, and changes, every month.
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UN MAIN BODIES
Economic and Social Council
The principal body for coordination, policy review,
policy dialogue and recommendations on economic,
social and environmental issues, as well as
implementation of internationally agreed
development goals.
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UN MAIN BODIES
Economic and Social Council
It has 54 Members, elected by the General
Assembly for overlapping three-year terms.
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UN MAIN BODIES
Trusteeship Council
The Trusteeship Council was established in 1945 by the
UN Charter, under Chapter XIII, to provide international
supervision for 11 Trust Territories that had been placed
under the administration of seven Member States, and
ensure that adequate steps were taken to prepare the
Territories for self-government and independence.
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UN MAIN BODIES
International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial
organ of the United Nations. Its seat is at the Peace Palace
in the Hague (Netherlands). It is the only one of the six
principal organs of the United Nations not located in New
York (United States of America).
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UN MAIN BODIES
Secretariat
The Secretariat comprises the Secretary-General and tens
of thousands of international UN staff members who carry
out the day-to-day work of the UN as mandated by the
General Assembly and the Organization's other principal
bodies
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UN MAIN BODIES
Secretariat
• The Secretary-General- is also a symbol of the
Organization's ideals, and an advocate for all the world's
peoples, especially the poor and vulnerable.
• Appointed by the General Assembly on the
recommendation of the Security Council for a five-year,
renewable term.
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UN MAIN BODIES
António Guterres, in full António
Manuel de Oliveira Guterres.
(born April 30, 1949, Lisbon,
Portugal),
Portuguese politician and diplomat
who served as prime minister of
Portugal (1995–2002) and the
current secretary-general of the
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United Nations
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
GOALS
The Sustainable Development Goals
are a universal call to action to end
poverty, protect the planet and
improve the lives and prospects of
everyone, everywhere.
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The 17 Goals were adopted by all
UN Member States in 2015, as part
of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development which set out a 15-
year plan to achieve the Goals.
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17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
GOALS
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17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
GOALS
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17 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
GOALS
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