ISSUES IN
EDUCATION
I O N
E D U CAT
LU S IVE
INC
“Every child has the right to quality education and
learning.”
Inclusive Education allows students of all
backgrounds to learn and grow side by side, to
the benefit of all.
UNICEF works in over 190 countries and
territories to protect the rights of every child.
There are an estimated 240 million children with
disabilities worldwide. Like all children, children
with disabilities have ambitions and dreams for
their futures. Like all children, they need quality
education to develop their skills and realize their
full potential.
Children with disabilities are often overlooked in policymaking, limiting
their access to education and their ability to participate in social, economic
and political life.
At the school level, teachers must be trained, buildings must be refurnished
and students must receive accessible learning materials.
At the community level, stigma and discrimination must be tackled and
individuals need to be educated on the benefit of inclusive education.
At the national level, Governments must align laws and policies with the
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and regularly collect
and analyze data to ensure children are reached with effective services.
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN PHILIPPINES
• DepEd has been working with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) to train teachers to include students with disabilities in their
classrooms.
• One such policy is the creation of SPED schools, which are designed specifically for
students with special needs.
• Another policy that promotes inclusive education is the
Alternative Learning System (ALS), which provides non-traditional learning
opportunities for students who have dropped out of school or cannot attend regular
classes due to health or other reasons.
• In 2019, the Department of Education released DepEd Order No. 21, titled Policy
Guidelines on the K to 12 Basic Education Program includes a
policy framework on inclusive education.
• In addition, former President Rodrigo Roa Duterte signed into law
Republic Act No. 11650, dated March 11, 2022, titled Instituting a Policy of Inclusion
and Services for Learners with Disabilities in Support of Inclusive Education Act.
Making Inclusive Education a Reality in the Philippines
First, all schools must be properly equipped to accommodate
students with disabilities.
Second, all teachers must be properly trained to teach students with
disabilities.
Third, there needs to be more support from the government.
Fourth, there needs to be more awareness about inclusive
education.
What Teachers Need to Know About Inclusive Education?
First, teachers must be aware of the different types of disabilities
students may have.
Second, teachers need to be patient and understanding.
Finally, teachers need to be open-minded and flexible.
LIFE SKILLS
EDUCATION
What are life skills?
The World Health Organization has defined life skill as, “the
abilities for adaptive and positive behaviour that enable individuals
to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life.
UNICEF defines the skills as a behaviour change or behaviour
development approach designed to address a balance of three
areas: knowledge, attitude and skills.
Life skills are essentially those abilities that help promote mental
well-being and competence in young people as they face the
realities of life. Most development professionals agree that life skills
are generally applied in the context of health and social events.
• Most development professionals agree that life skills are generally
applied in the context of health and social events. They can be utilized
in many content areas: prevention of drug use, sexual violence,
teenage pregnancy, HIV/AIDS prevention and suicide prevention. The
definition extends into environmental education and education for
development.
• In short, life skills empower young people to take positive action to
protect themselves and promote health and positive social
relationships.
What are the Core Life Skill Strategies and
Techniques?
• UNICEF, UNESCO and WHO list ten core life skill
strategies and techiniques as: problem-solving, critical
thinking, effective communication skills, decision-
making, creative thinking, interpersonal relationship
skills, self-awareness building skills, empathy, and
coping with stress and emotions.
What are the Main Components of Life Skills?
Critical thinking
Interpersonal/Communication Skills
Coping and Self-management skills
UNICEF promotes the understanding that the life skills approach can be
successful, if the following are undertaken together:
A. The Skills
B. Content
C. Methods
How can life skills help young people make
better choices concerning their health?
Developing life skills helps adolescents translate knowledge, attitudes
and values into healthy behaviour, such as acquiring the ability to
reduce special health risks and adopt healthy behaviour that improve
their lives in general (such as planning ahead, career planning,
decision-making, and forming positive relationships).
The adolescents of today grow up surrounded by mixed messages
about sex, drug use, alcohol and teenage pregnancy. It is through life
skills that teenagers can fight these challenges and protect
themselves from teenage pregnancy, HIV/AIDS, drug violence, sexual
abuse and many other health related problems.
I S S U ES
ORA RY
NTE M P
CO m o t
su e s
i o n a l I s
E I s s u e s
n d e r
Ge i c I s s u e
o m
Ec o n l I ssu e s
u l t u r a
C I s s u e s s
h i c a l I s s u e
Et n m e n t a l
v i r o
En
EMOTIONAL ISSUES
• SEPARATION ANXIETY OF TEENAGERS/ CHILDREN
• BULLYING
• FEELINGS OF FAILURE
• LACK OF ACCEPTANCE AMONG THEIR PEERS
• ACADEMIC STRUGGLES (FEELINGS OF FAILURE)
TEENAGE PREGNANCY
• Defined as females between the ages of 13-15 who engage in sexual
activity and become pregnant either intentionally or unintentionally.
• In education, it is one of the reason why schools increased dropped -outs.
TEENAGE PREGNANCY
CAUSE PREVENTION
Drugs and Alcohol Family and Peer Support
Low-socio economic Education /Knowledge-
status Sex Education
Peer Pressure and sexual
abuse
Media influence
Social Media Addiction
ISSUE RESOLUTION
Anxiety or Depression Teachers should promote social
Increased Isolation media awareness by conducting
Decreased Physical Activity seminars/webinars for students.
Low-self Esteem #whatyouwatchmatters
Poor Work or School #thinkbeforeyouclick
Performance
ETHNIC ISSUES/ CULTURAL ISSUES
What is the difference between ethnocentrism and
xenocentrism?
Ethnocentrism is the belief that one’s own culture/nation is
superior to to all others, while xenocentrism is the belief that
other cultures are better than one’s own culture/nation.
PROBLEMS
ETHNIC CONFLICT
CULTURAL DISCRIMINATION
LANGUAGE BARRIER
GENDER ISSUES IN EDUCATION
•Gender is a social construct that impacts
attitudes, roles and responsiblities and
behaviour patterns of boys and girls, men and
women.
•Increasing attention has been given to the
importance of achieving gender equality in
education.
GENDER BIAS
• Boys have to do work
rather than attend
school.
• Financial responsibilities.
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
• sexual harrassment and violence also continue to be
major factors preventing girls to education.
ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUE
Environmental Problems in Schools and How to Address Them
Environmental awareness is increasing all around the world. This normalization of green
thinking has formed a shift in the education system. Classes that address eco-friendliness
are now present in many schools’ curriculum.
Schools affect the environment in four fundamental ways. Food waste, general
waste management, energy use, and water management contribute to an education
establishment’s sustainability. If one handles these four regions appropriately, a school can
promote green practices to limit its footprint. When these areas are neglected, they can
cause significant environmental issues.
By evaluating a school’s management of certain features, one can approach
sustainability obstacles with practical solutions. Informing staff, educators, and students of
these environmental problems in schools and offering solutions can allow community
efforts to lead green practices.
ISSUE RESOLUTION
Improper waste disposal Craft an assortment of disposal bins
for different materials to better
inform staff and students of proper
waste management.
Create mandatory waste
management training.
Introduce the 5 R’s of Waste
Management to students through
symposium.
