CEE-343
Structural Analysis – II
Virtual Work Method: Analysis of Frame
Submitted To
Sourav Ray
Associate Professor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet
2023 vibrance 1 yourwebsite.com
Presented by Group : 02
Members
2019333021 ------- MD. ABU RAIHAN
2019333044 ------- TOYOB MAHMUD PRACHI
2019333043 ------- NIXON DEB PRITOM
2019333067 ------- MD. SOJIBUR RAHMAN SOJIB
2019333074 ------- MD. HADIUJJAMAN
2017333053 ------- SAMMITH SINHA
2018333016 ------- DURJOY SEN
2023 vibrance 2 yourwebsite.com
Principles of Virtual Work Method
External virtual work = Internal virtual work
1 × ∆ = ∑u × dL
The external virtual work done by the unit load,
W external = 1. ∆
The internal virtual work due to bending for an entire frame can then be obtained by
summing the work for the individual segments; that is,
W internal =
The expressions for deflection of frame (for the method of virtual work),
And The expressions for slope,
=
Let’s get into a
mathematical problem!
Question:
Analyze the rigid frame by virtual 3kN/m
work method with two hinged BC C
supports shown in Fig : 01. 2.5m 8m
21kN 2I
4m
I I 4m
5m
A HDHA
D D
VVDA VD
Fig : 01
Solution:
Here,
Degree of indeterminacy for rigid frame,
NI = Number of unknown reactions -3
=4-3
=1
Let’s choose HD as redundant.
B C B C B C
k
2.5m 8m
= 21kN
+
4m
5m D D’ HA HD
HD D’ D
D ∆𝐷
A
HA A VD A 𝐻 𝐷 𝛿𝐷
VA
Fig. 02 : compatibility condition for redundant H D
Compatibility condition = =
To determine , virtual work method will be adopted
3kN/m
For Applied Load B C
Fx= 0 8m
2.5m
HA= 21kN ( )
21kN
4m
MA = 0
(3*8*4)+(21*5) = VD*8 5m
D
VD = 25.125kN ( )
21kN A
25.125kN
Fy= 0 1.125kN
VA- (3*8)+25.125 = 0 Fig-03 : Support reactions for applied load
VA= -1.125kN ( )
For Virtual Load
Fx = 0 B C
8m
HA=1kN ( )
MA = 0 4m
7.5m
(1*3.5) - VD*8 = 0 D
VD = 0.44kN ( ) 1
A
1kN
Fy = 0 0.44kN
VA+ 0.44 = 0
0.44k
VA = - 0.44kN ( ) N
Fig-04 : Support reactions for virtual load
3
Calculation of ∆D
3
B C
2.5m 8m B C
8m
2 2 2 2
21kN 4 4 4
4m
3 4m
5m 7.5m
1 1 D 1 1 D
1k
21kN A A
25.125kN 1kN
0.44kN
1.125kN
0.44k
N
Real Moment (M) and Virtual Moment (m)
m1
M1
For section 1-1,
For Real Load,
x
M1-1 = 0
M1 = 21x x
1
For virtual load, A
1-1 = 0 21 A
0.44
1= x
1.125
M2
For section 2-2, 2
For Real Load,
M2-2= 0
x x
21(5+x) -21x - M2 = 0
M2 =105 21
5m 1
For virtual load,
2-2 = 0 21
.44
1(5+x) - m2 = 0
2 = 5+x 1.125
3 kN/m
M3
For section 3-3, 3
For Real Load, x
x
M3-3 = 0
2.5m
=0
M3 = 105 - -1.125x 7.5m
21
For virtual load, 5m
1
3-3 = 0
1*7.5 - 0.4x - m3 = 0 21
0.44
3 = 7.5 - 0.44x
1.125
For section 4-4,
For Real Load,
M4-4 = 0 M4 4
M4 = 0
For virtual load,
4-4=0 x
- x - m4 = 0 x
4= - x
Now, According to virtual work equation, 1
=
0.44
EI*++
25.125
EI* 4211.585 kN.m3
2
Calculation of
C
Fx = 0 B 8m
HA=1kN ( )
3
1 1
2 4m
MA = 0
(-1*3.5) +VD*8 = 0 7.5m
VD = 0.44kN ( )
D
1 0.44
Fy = 0 A
VA+ 0.44 = 0
VA= - 0.44kN ( ) 0.44
According to the principle of virtual work,
1
= =
For section 1-1, x
1-1 = 0
-1*x - m1 = 0
1
1 = -x
0.44
x 2
B
For section 2-2
2-2 = 0
2 = 0
2 = 0.44x-7.5 7.5m
1 A
0.44
For section 3-3
3-3 = 0
3 = 0 3
3= x
Hence,
= x
EI* = dx
EI* =
D 1
EI* = 297.88 kNm3
0.44
From the compatibility condition,
=
EI* = *EI
HD=
HD=
HD=14.14kN ( leftward as assumed)
Analysis of the rigid frame,
3kN/m
Fx = 0 B C
-HA-14.14+21= 0
HA= 6.86kN ( )
21
MA = 0
(3*8*4)+(21*5) –(14.14*3.5) - (VD*8) = 0
D
VD =18.94kN ( )
A HA VD
Fy= 0
VA+18.94+(3*8) = 0 VA
VA= 5.06kN ( )
Shear Force Diagram Bending Moment Diagram
THANKS FOR
YOUR ATTENTION
