NSAIDs
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs) are medicines that are primarily used
to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and
decrease fever.
Classification
A. Nonselective COX inhibitors (traditional NSAIDs)
1. Salicylic acid derivative: Aspirin, Sodium salicylate
2. Propionic acid derivatives: Ibuprofen, Naproxen,
Ketoprofen, Flurbiprofen
3. Anthranilic acid derivative: Mefenamic acid,
flufenamic acid
4. Aryl-acetic acid derivatives: Diclofenac, Aceclofenac.
5. Oxicam derivatives: Piroxicam, Tenoxicam.
6. Pyrrolo-pyrrole derivative: Ketorolac
7. Indole derivative: Indomethacin, Sulindac
8. Pyrazolone derivative: henylbutazone,
Oxyphenbutazone
2
B. Preferential COX-2 inhibitors :
Nimesulide, Meloxicam, Nabumetone
C. Selective COX-2 inhibitors:
Celecoxib, Etoricoxib, Parecoxib.
D. Analgesic-antipyretics with poor
anti-inflammatory action
1. Para aminophenol derivatives:
Paracetamol
2. Pyrazolone derivative: Metamizol,
Propiphenazone.
Paracetamol/Acetaminophen
Chemistry
• It is acetyl derivative of p-amino phenol.
Physical properties
• It occurs as white crystals or white crystalline
powder.
• It is odourless.
• It has a slightly bitter taste.
• It is slightly soluble in water but soluble in alcohol.
• It's melting point is 169°C-170°C.
Stability and storage
• It is relatively stable in air but affected by light.
Hence, it is stored in a well-closed light-resistant
container.
Uses
It is used as –
• Analgesic agent
• Antipyretic agent
• Anti-inflammatory agent.
Ibuprofen
Chemistry
• It is propionic acid / propanoic acid derivative.
• The propionic acid is attached with
isobutylphenyl group.
Physical properties
• It is white crystal or crystalline powder with
characteristics odour.
• It is very slightly soluble in water but freely soluble
in alcohol and soluble in an aqueous solution of
alkali hydroxide.
• It's melting point is 75°C-77°C.
Stability and storage
• It is affected by light and moisture. So, it is stored in
a tightly closed light-resistant container.
Uses
It is used as –
• Analgesic agent
• Antipyretic agent
• Anti-inflammatory agent.
