HELLO, GRADE 8 !
Lesson Objectives:
1. Define equations
2. Illustrate linear equations in two variables
3. Illustrate the slope of a linear equation in two variables
4. Graph linear equations in two variables
5. Describe the graph of a linear equation
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LINEAR EQUATIONS
IN TWO VARIABLES
If 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 are real numbers, and if 𝐴 and 𝐵 are not both equal to,
then 𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 = 𝑪 is called a linear equation in two variables. The
numbers 𝐴 and 𝐵 are the coefficients of the variables 𝑥 and 𝑦, respectively,
while 𝐶 is the constant.
Examples:
1.
𝐴=2; ;
5 𝑥+ 4 𝑦=6
𝐴=5𝐵=4
; 𝐶; =6
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The standard form of a linear equation can be written in slope-intercept form
where is the slope and is the y-intercept.
Examples:
1. 𝑦 =− 𝑥 +5
−5 𝑦=− 2 𝑥 +10−−55𝑦 = −−25𝑥 + −
10
𝑦=
5
2
5
𝑥− 2
4 𝑦 −5 𝑥 6 5 3
4 𝑦 =−5 𝑥 +6 4
=
4
+𝑦 =−
4 4
𝑥+
2
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Put me into your standard!
Directions:
Write each of the
following linear
equations in two
variables in standard
form.
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SLOPE OF A LINE
(Given Two Points, Equation,
and Graph)
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Which road is difficult to drive?
8
Which road will build up speed?
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Do you think he can send text message to his friends?
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Is it possible to drive like the illustrations below?
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Source: backpacker.com Source: unsplash.com
Source: wikihow.com
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SLOPE
◉ The slope refers to the steepness of the line.
◉ It is represented by 𝒎, and is defined as the ratio of the
vertical change (rise) between two points to the horizontal
change (run) between the same two points.
◉ In symbol, .
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Finding the Slope Given Two Points
Given two points, (, ) and (, ) the slope of a line can be solved using
the formula:.
Example 1: Find the slope of a line containing points and .
Solution:
𝑥1𝑦 1 𝑥 2𝑦 2
𝐴(5 , 1) 𝐵(7 , 9)
𝑦2 − 𝑦9
¿𝟒
−1 8
𝑚= ¿ 1
¿
𝑥 2 − 𝑥17 −5 2
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Finding the Slope Given Two Points
Given two points, (, ) and (, ) the slope of a line can be solved using
the formula:.
Example 2: Find the slope of a line containing points and .
Solution:
𝑥1 𝑦 1 𝑥2 𝑦 2
𝐴(5,−1) 𝐵(7 ,−9)
𝑦 2 − 𝑦 1−9 −(−1) − 9+ 1 − 8
𝑚= ¿
𝑥 2 − 𝑥1 7 −5
¿
2¿ 2 ¿−𝟒
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Finding the Slope Given the Equation
Given the equation of the line written in standard form
(, the slope is the ratio of the additive inverse of the
coefficient to coefficient . In symbol,
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Finding the Slope Given the Equation
Is the equation written in the form ?
What are the values of the coefficients A and B?
What is the additive inverse of the coefficient ?
Get the ratio of the coefficient of the additive inverse to the coefficient
of .
Solution:
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Finding the Slope Given the Equation
Write the equation in slope intercept form .
1. − 𝑦=− 4 𝑥 +19 𝑦 =4 𝑥 −19
Hence, the slope is 4.
2 10 𝑦 =− 20 𝑥 +30
10 𝑦 − 20 𝑥 30
= +
10 10 10
𝑦 =− 2 𝑥 +3
Hence, the slope is .
RISE OVER RUN
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Finding the Slope Given the Graph
The graph of the line
increases/rises
from left to right.
Hence, the slope is
positive
Finding the Slope Given the Graph
The graph of the line
decreases/falls
from left to right.
Hence, the slope is
negative.
Finding the Slope Given the Graph
Finding the Slope Given the Graph
GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATIONS
IN TWO VARIABLES
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USING ANY TWO POINTS
In graphing a linear equation using this method, you may assign any two random
values of 𝑥, and then solve for the corresponding value of 𝑦.
Example: Graph the linear equation . − 𝑦=− 2 𝑥 + 4 𝑦 =2 𝑥 − 4
Let us assign any two values ofto solve for the value of in the equation
If
USING ANY TWO POINTS
Using the points let us graph the
equation
USING x- and y-INTERCEPTS
To find the 𝑥-intercept of a line given its equation, let 𝑦 = 0, then solve for
𝑥. To find the 𝑦-intercept, let 𝑥 = 0, then solve for 𝑦.
Example: Graph the linear equation . − 𝑦=− 2 𝑥 + 4 𝑦 =2 𝑥 − 4
Find the x-intercept:
Let , solve for . Let , solve for .
USING x- and y-INTERCEPTS
Using the points let us graph the
equation
USING SLOPE and its INTERCEPTS
We need to determine the slope and y-intercept of the given equation. The
equation should be written in the form
Example: Graph the linear equation . 𝑦 =2 𝑥 − 4
Step 1: Identify the slope and the y intercept.
y-intercept , hence the ordered pair is
USING SLOPE and its INTERCEPTS
Step 2: Plot first the y-intercept. Since
the y-intercept is , we will plot the
ordered pair
Step 3: From the y-intercept use the
slope to plot the next point. Since the
slope is positive 2, move 2 units
upward from the y-intercept and 1 unit
to the right, and then mark that point.
Describing the Graph of a Linear Equation
Trend of the Graph
The value of the slope tells the trend of the
graph of a linear equation.
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If is positive, then the graph is increasing If is negative, then the graph is decreasing
from left to right. from left to right.
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If is undefined, then the graph is a vertical line.
If is zero, then the graph is a horizontal line.
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I LOVE MATH !
I LOVE MATH !
I LOVE MATH !
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