SOCIAL WELFARE POLICIES

AND PROGRAMS
SWPP
1. Philippine Welfare Policies and Programs
2. Social and the Law
3. Social Work Administration
4. Social Work Supervision
5. Social Work Research
Definitions and
functions
of
social welfare
 Assistance & service to the poor and the
disadvantaged
 Collective responsibility to meet universal

needs of the population

 Laws, programs, benefits and services for

meeting social needs

 Organized system of social services and

institutions, designed to aid individuals and

groups to attain satisfying standards of life
and health & personal & social relationships
that permit them to develop their full
capacities & to promote their well-being in
harmony with the needs of their families
and the community (Friedlander)
 Means for meeting human needs that serve
the common good (Johnson & Schwartz,
1997)
 The organized system of social services and
institutions designed to aid individuals and
groups to attain satisfying standards of life
and health. It aims at personal and social
relationships which permit individuals, the
fullest development of their capacities and
the promotion of their well-being in
harmony with the needs of the community
(Wilensky, Harold L. and Lebeaus, Charles
N. Industrial Society and Social Welfare,
New York, 1958)
 Social welfare therefore includes
all forms of social interventions,
laws, programs and processes that
have for its purpose the following:
1. Promoting the well-being of both
the individual and of society as a
whole.
2. The treatment and prevention of
social problems
3. The development of human
resources

4. improvement of the quality of life

5. The maintenance and improvement

of the social order for the promotion of
social stability of all people in society.
 FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL
WELFARE
1. RESIDUAL/AMELIORATIVE – social
welfare function to help those in immediate
need of assistance such as the victims of
natural and man-made disasters. In the
Philippines, this is important as there are
about 20 typhoons that affect the country
every year. This is also undertaken for the
poor people in hospitals, in need of financial
assistance for medical treatment. There is
social service department/unit in all
government and in some private hospitals in
the Philippines
 2. REHABILITATIVE
FUNCTION
It restore the social functioning of
people. They include services to people
who are victims of natural calamities in
need of help to go back to normal life.
This function is also vey much related to
the social services for the handicapped,
people with drug and alcohol problems,
victims of domestic violence, child
abuse, street children, among others.
 3. Preventive function
 Itavoids the ill-consequences of
deprivation and poverty. Day care services
are meant to help children develop and
use their capacities and avoid the
consequences of malnutrition and poor
environment. Services to out-of-school
youth prepare them for a normal adult
life. Family welfare intends to improve and
strengthen relationships for better social
functioning of family members.
 4. Developmental
function
 Covers all the above-mentioned
functions to provide opportunity for
people to make full use of their
human and personal resources for
the liberation from poverty and
empowerment. Examples are
livelihood and entrepreneurial
activities, community organizing,
cooperative and family planning.
 5. Transformative
function
 Changing
systems and structures of
government and society towards the
improvement of quality of life of the
people.
 Perspectives on
social welfare policy
and program
development
 RESIDUAL PERSPECTIVE
 Conceive as social welfare as focusing
on problems and gaps, with social
welfare benefits and services supplied
only when people fail to provide
adequacy for themselves and problem
arise (Blau, 2004)
 Reactive, solving problems only after

they occur
 Respond to problems caused by
individual personal failures.
 INSTITUTIONAL
 Social
PERSPECTIVE
welfare policies & program
should provide on-going support to
all people in need.
 Social welfare polices and programs

relieve tensions and help solve

problems distressing people in their
environment
 Conceived social welfare as the
responsibility of the government.
 Universal provision of
welfare
 Socialwelfare benefits should be
equally available to all members of
society, regardless of their income
of means
 Selective provision
 Socialwelfare benefits are restricted
to those who can demonstrate need
through established eligibility criteria
 Philosophical and
value perspectives on
social responsibility and
social welfare
which affect
policy formulation
 conservatism
 The philosophy that individuals are
responsible for themselves, that
government should provide minimal
interference in people’s lives and
that change is generally unnecessary
(Jansson, 2003)
 Principles of
conservatism
 Itis each individual’s responsibility to
work and succeed
 Failure to succeed is generally the

individual’s fault.
 The government should not interfere

unless absolutely necessary.

 liberalism
 Is the philosophy that supports
government involvement in the
social, political and economic
structure so that all people’s rights
and privileges are protected in the
name of social justice (Jansson,
2003)
 liberalism
 It is society’s responsibility to care
for and support its members
 Failure to succeed generally is due to

complex, unfair stresses and

problems in the environment.
 It is government’s responsibility to

support its citizens and help them

cope with the stresses and problems
in their environment.
 radicalism
 The philosophy that the social and
political system as it stands is not
structurally capable of truly pursuing
social justice.
 Evolution of social
welfare in the
Philippines
1. Pre-Colonial Period – concept of
Bayanihan and Damayan,
Maragtas/Kalantia Code
2. Spanish Period – Salvation through good
works, hospitals, orphanages
3. American period – “parents partriae” –
government to take custody and provide
protection to all victims particularly
children who are physically and sexually
abused.”
4. 1940’s (Japanese Occupation)-
relief prisoners of war and displaced
persons
5.1950's – delivery of social
amelioration programs into the
countryside; established the Social
Welfare Administration
6. 1960's – SWA transformed to
Department of Social Welfare (RA
5416 in 1968)
7. 1970’s – development and
integration of more specific social
welfare programs: self-employment
assistance for livelihood
opportunities; practical skills
development for capacity building;
day care services for children; family
planning for couples and special
social service for emergency
situations.
8. 1980’s – development of Social
Welfare Indicators that measured the
movement of a client from survival to
subsistence to self-reliance; revised
to Family Welfare Indicators; updated
into social welfare development
indicator system that measure the
indicators of survival, security and
empowerment of clients and
communities being assisted
9. 1990’s – Social Reform Agenda;
started the Comprehensive and
Integrated Delivery of Social Services
(CIDS). Using the principle of
convergence , this flagship project
has enabled the growth of people
and communities by the mobilization
and delivery of vital government
services that converge at the level of
the family and the community.
10. 2000 – RA 7610, Local
Government Code transferred the
delivery of social welfare services
from the national to the local
government units; DSWD mandate
changed from direct service provider
to policy developer.
11. Present – transformed CIDS into
KALAHI-CIDS or the movement against
poverty. It is the government’s key
strategy for poverty alleviation whose
ultimate goal is social change and
empowerment through the delivery of
basic social services, vital
infrastructures, livelihood and
financing interventions.
KALAHI-CIDS is a community driven
development project where decision-
making resides in the community. The
people analyze their situation and
needs, prioritize problems, propose
solutions and develop projects which
they implement and manage.
PHILIPPINE WELFARE
POLICIES AND
PROGRAMS
SITUATING POLICY PRACTICE
AND PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
IN SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE
1. Policy and program development is
considered as the macro-practice of SW
2. It is also considered as secondary form of
practice as compared to direct practice
3. The dual focus of social functioning and
the person-in-environment perspective
shows that the SW intervenes not only
with the person but the environment
4. The sustaining environment of the
person includes the general
community, media, political systems,
economic resources, the educational
system, social welfare institutions and
the larger community
5. Policy and Program Development is
the government’s ways of intervening
in the human condition and affecting
social welfare.
6. In promoting social justice, SW
needs need to work for social and
economic justice and needed reforms
in ways that recognize and consider
these legitimate differences of opinion
as they maintain respect for those who
disagree with their ideas as to how to
attain social justice
7. The SW’s role as a system
developer, as a program developer,
policy and procedure developer, and
as an advocate.
 OVERVIEW OF POLICY
PRACTICE
 SOCIAL POLICY- is a decision, made
by public or government authorities
regarding the assignment and
allocation of resources, rights, and
responsibilities and expressed in laws
and governmental regulations
 DEFINITIONs
A guide for a settled course of action
composed of collective decisions
directly concerned with promoting
the well-being of all part of the
population

 Rulesthat govern people’s lives and

dictate expectations for behavior
 Purposeful course of action followed
by an actor or set of actors in
dealing with problem of matter of
concern
 A rule of action manifesting or

clarifying specific organizational

goals, objectives, values or ideals
and often prescribing the obligatory
or most desirable ways and means
for this accomplishment
 Categories of
SOCIAL POLICY
 Policy demands
 These are demands or claims made
upon officials of government or
private agencies by other sectors,
private of official in the political
system for action on some perceived
problems
 POLICY DECISIONS
 are made by officers of organizations
that authorize or give direction and
content to policy actions. Included are
decisions to enact statutes, issues,
executive orders, administrative order
and board resolutions.
 In the public sector, these include the
promulgations of administrative rule
and the judicial interpretation of the
laws.
 Policy statements
 Areformal expression or articulation
of policy.

 These include legislative statutes,

board resolutions, executive orders
and decrees, administrative rules
and regulations and court opinions
 Policy output
 Are the tangible manifestation of
policies.
 Things actually done in pursuance of

policy decisions and statements

 These are what the organizations do as

distinguished from what they say

 The actual number of services delivered

and the number of people served are

the quantifiable measures of policy
outputs.
 Policy outcomes
 Are the consequences for a client
system, intended or unintended that
result from action or inaction by an
agency
classifications
 1. Public policy
 Action usually undertaken by government
directed at a particular goal and
legitimated by the commitment of public
resources
◦ Legislative policy: congress/sanggunian
◦ Executive policy: office of the president-
executive orders, proclamations, local
chief’s memoranda/directives
◦ Judicial policy: court decisions at all levels
2. Administrative policy
 Policies within the context of a
particular problem/ program such as
administrative orders, guidelines or
directives
 3. Agency policy
 Policiesgoverning the social agency
from which rules, procedures and
regulations are based. (e.g. target
clientele, programs and services,
methods of implementations and
evaluation
 Policy practice
 Are efforts to change policies in
legislative, agency and community
settings whether by establishing new
policies, improving existing ones or
defeating the policy initiatives of
other people
 Policy advocacy
A policy practice that aims to help
relatively powerless groups improve
their resources and opportunites
 Changing context
affecting social policy
and social work
 Ideas context
 Valueand ideas shape policies and
the delivery of social services
 Views toward the poor
 Experience and beliefs
 Demographic context
 Populations increase and migration

 Overseasemployment and
technology
 Organizational context
 Tensionsbetween the national and
local government

 Conflicts
between government and
non-government
organizations/private sectors
 international CONTEXT
 Globalization (economic, social,
cultural)
 International peace and

security/terrorist
 Human rights and fundamental

freedom
 FACTORS WHICH
AFFECT POLICY
FORMULATION
1. Development planning frameworks
2. Development Discourses
3. International Regimes
4. Commitment of States to
International Regimes
5. Commitment of States to the
International Human Instruments
Basis for policy & program
development
A. Gaps in practice
B. Program & Policy Review: Program
Evaluation/Policy Analysis
C. Recommendations from Researchers
D. Advocacy of Civil Society
E. Recommendations of People’s
Organizations
F. Results of Donor Missions
G. International Commitments and
International Tools
 Development Planning
frameworks
 Needs based
 Rights based
 Gender and Development
 Human rights based
 Sustainable Human Development
Difference between needs
based & rights based
 Needs
based view policy making as
means for the satisfaction of needs;

 Rightsbased view policy making as

not just for the satisfaction of needs
but the realization of rights
 What are discourses
DISCOURSE is a particular way of
thinking and arguing which involves
the act of naming, classifying and
analyzing and which excludes or
marginalizes other way of thinking.
 Development discourse
 State-engendered order discourse in
development, which put primacy on
the intervention of experts especially
those from the UN and embodied in
multilateral and bilateral aid
agencies; development theories
being used: Keynesian theory and
Human Development Theory in
Social Development.
 Development discourse
 The market-engendered spontaneous
order discourse being promoted by the
IMF and the World Bank also known as
neo-liberal discourse
 The discourse of a public sphere
promoted by the civil society and social
movements also known as alternative
development, gives primacy to
participation and empowerment
 International regimes/
commitments
 Sets of implicit or explicit principles,
norms, rules and decision-making
procedures around which actors’
expectation converge in a given area of
international relations.
 General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade
 World Trade Organization
 Group of 7/8 (USA, Germany, France,
Italy, Japan, UK, Canada + Russia)
International human rights
instruments
 On Women- UN Convention of the
Elimination of Discrimination Against
Women; Beijing Platfform of Action (Phil
Plan for Gender and Development) and
Framework Plan for Women)
 On Children- UN CRC; Child 21
(Philippines)
 On Laborers & Workers – ILO
conventions
 International bill of
rights
 Universal Declaration of Human
Rights
 UN Convention of Political & Civil

Rights
 UN Convention on Economic, Social

and Cultural Rights

 On Migrant Workers- UN Convention

on the Protection of the Rights of All

Migrant Workers and their Familes
 International bill of
rights

 On Older Persons- Madrid Plan of

Action on Ageing; Vienna
International Plan on Ageing; Macao
Plan of Action on Ageing for Asia
Pacific; Philippine Plan of Action for
Older Persons.
 MILLENNIUM
DEVELOPMENT GOALS AS
INTERNATIONAL
 The
POLICY
MDGs are eight goals to be
achieved by 2015 that respond to the
world’s main development challenges.
The MDGs are drawn from the actions
and targets contained in the Millennium
Declaration that was adopted by 189
nations and signed by 147 heads of
state and governments during the UN
Millennium Summit in September 2000.
 Millennium development
goals
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality & empower
women
4. Reduce child mortality
5. Improve maternal health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria & other
Diseases
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
8. Global partnership for development
 Policy process
A. Agenda setting
B. Policy formulation
C. Policy legitimation
D. Policy implementation
E. Policy evaluation
 Stages of policy
formulation
 Issue/problem identification
 Issue definition or problem
measurement through fact-gathering
and analysis
 Setting of policy goals
 The planning of a strategy to gain

support and acceptance of the goal

by the public and decision-makers.
 Stages of policy
formulation
 The legitimization of the goals and
declaration of purpose through law
and statue
 Planning for program development

and implementation
 Evaluation
Policy analysis
 A. Stages of policy analysis
process
1. Problem definition
2. Goal and objective setting
3. Framework/hypothesis
4. Determination of evaluation
criteria
5. Identification of alternatives
6. Evaluation
7. Comparison of alternatives
8. Assessment of outcomes
 B. Elements of policy
analysis
1. FORMULATION
a) what should be our goals?
b) Which option of option mix
promises fewest negative or
greatest benefits?
c) What is the problem
 B. Elements of policy
analysis
1. IMPLEMENTATION
a) Is the policy politically viable?
b) What variables are available to
help ensure the successful
implementation of the policy?
 B. Elements of policy
analysis
1. EVALUATION
a) By what criteria can the policy be
judged fair? Judged good?
Social policy development
 Phases of the policy cycle
A. Problem Definition
B. Proposal Development
C. Decision Phase
D. Planning and Program Development
E. Program Evaluation
 a. Problem definition
1. What Shapes Policy
Development?
a) Research –
b) Individuals
2. Policy Practice- involves analysis of
proposed ideas and those that have
been ratified. It is fundamentally the
mobilization of ideas at each stage of
the policy process & the guidance of
these ideas through the process.
 a. Problem definition
3. Policy Roles:
 Technician or analyst is often at arm’s
length from the policy process, researching
and writing policy documents and putting
together that data support policy options and
positions.
 Pragmatist – looks after the process of policy
making, assuring that appropriate steps are
taken, feelings assuaged, and fences mended.
 Dramatist, activist – or advocate
orchestrates elements in the social system to
serve particular ends, sometimes using social
action and community development
techniques.
 a. Problem definition
4. Policy Documents – central
objects of policy practice, the vehicles
with which policy practitioners work. It
includes:
◦Laws
◦Regulations
◦Policy statements
 a. Problem definition
5. Phases in Policy Development
a) Problem Definition
b) Proposal Development
c) Decision Phase
d) Planning & Program Design
e) Programming and Evaluation
 a. Problem definition
5. Phases in Policy Development:
a) Problem Definition: (Intellectual
Skills)
 Needs assessment
 Delphi technique
 Trend extrapolation
 Systems approach
 Ethical analysis
 a. Problem definition
INTELLECTUAL INTERPERSONAL
SKILLS SKILLS
Needs assessment Touching Base
Delphi Technique Motivating
Trend Advocating
Extrapolation
System Approach Consulting
Ethical Analysis
 b. Proposal development
INTELLECTUAL INTERPERSONAL
SKILLS SKILLS

Writing Cleaning
Simulation Enabling
Scenario brokering
construction
 c. Decision phase
INTELLECTUAL INTERPERSONAL
SKILLS SKILLS
Problem-solving Brokering
skills
Negotiating enabling
Group
management
Lobbying
Coalition building
 d. Planning & program
dev’t.
 Planning & Program Design – once a
policy has been ratified, the next
phase involves shaping a working
document that the workers in the
organization can use. It is the first
part of the implementation process.
 Charting and scheduling are
important on this stage
 d. Planning & program
dev’t.
INTELLECTUAL SKILLS

GANTT chart- shows time relationships

between events of a prog. dev’t.

PERT (Prog. Eval & Review Technique) –

a tool in planning for the future. It
indicates where a project should be by
what time
 E. Program evaluation
Monitoring – involves program statistics and
rates (how many clients are served per
month)
Assessment – involves using these data to
make changes in the system to improve and
refurbish it.
Evaluation is more fateful, frequently
involving “go/no go” decisions about
programs and program components. It may
also involve post hoc inspections of
intervention to ascertain outcomes or results
 E. Program evaluation

INTELLECTUAL SKILLS
Decision Analysis
Idea Analysis
Decision Audit and Autopsy
Challenging
 Program development
 PROGRAM- is a component of the
plan which has to be dealt with in
greater detail
 PROJECT – an activity or set of

related activities which use limited

resources to produce goods and
services to achieve an objective. A
project has a very clear time frame.
 Program development
 PROJECT – is a specific, complex
and time bound set of tasks or
activities performed by a team of
specialists, of functionalists, to
achieve a given objective according
to a defined budget and timetable
 What is social technology
 It refers to innovative models,
approaches, strategies and
interventions in social welfare and
development, designed to respond to
the needs of the poor, disadvantaged
and vulnerable members of society.
 Social technology dev’t.
 Itis a process whereby the partners
and stakeholders and actively
engaged/involved in the whole
phases of developing and
implementing innovative SWD
project models, strategies and
interventions for implementation of
SWDAs
 Social technology dev’t
A. Policy Planning & Analysis- Social Tech
ID
B. Program Design – Design Formulation
C. Program Planning – Manual
Preparation
D. Pilot Testing – Pilot Implementation
E. Final Program Review – Marketing &
Promition
F. Institutional/Replication – Social
Technology Replication
Social welfare
policy
 definitions
A subset of social policy
 Societal responses to specific needs

and problems such as poverty, etc

 A specific area of the social work

curriculum – a practice area: policy

advocacy
 Laws and regulations that govern
which social welfare exists, what
categories of clients served, and who
qualifies for a given program including
its standards
 Social welfare programs are expressions
of social welfare policy which must
reflect and intent to empower the
individual
 As a process, it consists of
consequential steps in problem-solving
 As a product, social welfare policy are

laws, judicial decisions and

administrative directives
 Social policies that focus primarily on

the distribution of benefits to those in

need
 Lowy – explains that public social policies
are derived from four dichotomous
approaches to the legislative process:

1. Generic vs. categorical approach –

generic approach to social policy
development seeks a particular outcome
for an entire population such as health care
or housing for all in society. By contrast, a
categorical approach focuses on only one
segment of the population such as housing
for the elderly or health care for children
2. A holistic vs. segmented
approach
 A holistic approach to policy development

attempts to address the needs or concern of

the total person or the whole family, while a
segmented approach focuses on only a
single factor, such as an individual’s income
or nutrition. It gives rise to a fragmented
and confusing service system in which client
must approach several different agencies in
order to secure the services or result they
need in a system that completely falls to
address some important needs.
3. RATIONAL VS. CRISIS
APPROACH
The rational approach places a heavy
emphasis on deriving social policy from
a careful and thorough study of a
problem and issues. By contrast, the
crisis approach creates policy as a
hurried and usually highly political
reaction to a crisis or serious problem.
Very few of our country’s social policies
have grown out of the rational planning
process
 4. FUTURE PLANNING VS.
POLITICAL CONTEXT APPROACH
 The future planning approach gives careful
consideration to social trends and probable
future developments and tries to anticipate how
the various policy options would fit with what
can be expected in the future. By contrast, the
political context approach is mostly concern
with solving an immediate problem and allows
the policy to be determined mostly by popular
opinion, political interests and pragmatic
assumptions about what will be supported and
tolerated by dominant forces in society.
 Multiple Levels of social
welfare policy
 Macro Level Policy - Broad laws,
regulations, guidelines that provide
basic framework for the provision of
services and benefits
 Mezzo Level Policy – Administrative
policy that organizations generate to
direct and regularize operations
 Micro Level Policy – translate macro and
mezzo level policies into actual service
to clients;
Objectives of
social welfare
policy
 1. Reduce poverty
NATURE OF POVERTY:
 Problem of deprivation
 Individual shortcoming
 Lack of access to government

services
 Brought by development process
 Unequal distribution of wealth of

society
 2. Maximize welfare
 Welfare is a human right. Every
person regardless of one’s stature is
entitled to receive welfare services. It
implies that every institution of
society has the responsibility to
address the welfare needs of its
constituents.
 Pursue equality
It means that no person shall be
deprived of welfare services
approaches
 1. Safety net approach
This holds that individuals, families and
local communities are the primary
source of social care. State provisions
should be kept to the minimum,
complimentary to what informal
networks in the community provide, lest
undermine both their capacity and their
moral resolution to care for their own.
Public welfare interventions should only
be used as a last recourse.
 2. Community approach
This assumes that lay people have
more potential, ability and
commitment to care for each other
than is assumed by the welfare state
approach. Power and decision-making
in social services ought to be devolved
as far as possible to local communities
 3. Welfare state
 The approach
State has the obligation to provide
comprehensive services to respond to the
problems of poverty, old age and disability
whatever their cause in two ways:
1. Main provider of resources firmly
channeled in the direction of public
services with voluntary organizations &
informal community networks left little
part to play
2. Partnership between the state, voluntary
organizations & community networks in
providing resources and public services
Levels of analysis
and values of
social welfare
policy
 1. Generic level
a. Equality – SWf is influenced by the value of
equality with regard to the outcome of benefit
allocations. Specifically the value prescribes
that benefits be allocated to equalize
distribution of resources and opportunities.
b. Equity – denotes sense of fair treatment. If one
does half the work he deserves half of the
work. To identify what groups deserve the
benefits, contributions to the society is
considered. Exeptions are made for those
whose inability to contribute is not of their own
making.
3. Adequacy – refers to the desirability
of providing a decent standard of
physical and spiritual well-being, quite
apart from concerns for whatever
benefit allocations are equal to
differential according to merit
 2. Specialized level
FOUR VALUE PREFERENCES:
1. PRIVACY – confidentiality required in client-
worker relationship
2. DIGNITY – manner the individual person is
treated
3. WORK – involvement & participation of
clients in the process
4. INDEPENDENCE – the autonomy & self-
reliance being fostered as a result of the
whole process of policy formulation and
development
 The dswd
VISION
 We envision a society where the

poor, vulnerable and disadvantaged

are empowered for an improved
quality of life. Towards this end,
DSWD will be the world’s standard
for the delivery of coordinated social
services and social protection for
poverty reduction by 2030.
 The dswd
MISSION
 To develop, implement and

coordinate social protection and

poverty reduction solutions for and
with the poor, vulnerable and
disadvantaged.
 The dswd
VALUES
◦Respect for Human Dignity
◦Integrity
◦Service Excellence
 Dswd functions
 Formulates policies and plans which
provide direction to intermediaries and
other implementers in the development
and delivery of social welfare and
development services.
 Develops and enriches existing
programs and services for specific
groups, such as children and youth,
women, family and communities, solo
parents, older persons and Persons with
Disabilities (PWDs);
 Dswd functions
 Registers, licenses and accredits
individuals, agencies and organizations
engaged in social welfare and
development services, sets standards
and monitors the empowerment and
compliance to these standards.
 Provides technical assistance and
capability building to intermediaries;
and
 Dswd functions
 Provides social protection of the poor,
vulnerable and disadvantaged sector,
DSWD also gives augmentation funds
to local government units so these
could deliver SWD services to
depressed municipalities and
barangays and provide protective
services to individuals, families and
communities in crisis situation.
 TARGET CLIENTELE
 Children in Especially Difficult and/or with
Special Needs
 Youth with Special Needs/OSY
 Women in Especially Difficult
Circumstances
 Persons with Disabilities/With Special
Needs
 Families (disadvantaged, dysfunctional,
marginalized, displaced, homeless,
victims of disasters)
 Communities (low income, poorest,
marginalized)
 Social protection
 Constitutes policies and program that
seek to reduce poverty and
vulnerability to risks and enhance the
social status and rights of the
marginalized by promoting and
protecting livelihood and employment,
protecting against hazards and sudden
lost of income and improving people’s
capacity to manage risks.
 Dswd protective
1.
services
Social Pension for Indigent Senior
Citizens
2. Assistance to Inds. In Crisis Situation
(AICS)
3. Supplementary Feeding Program
4. Child Protective Services
5. Child Care & Placement Services
6. Travel Clearance for Minors
7. Services for WEDC
8. Disaster Risk Reduction & Response
Operations
 Dswd programs
 Center Based
 Community Based
 Residential Care
 Social Welfare and Development
Technology
 CENTER BASED
Services rendered in facilities referred
to as “centers” on a daily basis or
during part of the day. Clients of these
facilities have families to return to after
treatment or after undergoing
developmental activities. These
facilities may also accommodate clients
who need to undergo thorough
assessment and diagnosis for a
maximum of three weeks.
 community BASED
Preventive, rehabilitative and
developmental programs and
initiatives that mobilize/utilize the
family and community to respond to a
problem, need, issue or concern of
children, youth, women, person with
disabilities, older persons and families
who are in need and at-risk.
 RESIDENTIAL CASE
 Centers and facilities that provide
24-hour alternative family care to
poor vulnerable and disadvantaged
individuals and families in crisis
whose need cannot be met by their
families and relatives or by any other
form of alternative family care for a
period of time.
 SOCIAL WELFARE
TECHNOLOGY
 The DSWD continues to implement
pilot projects which will be marketed
to local government units that need
the projects.
Polices/programs and
services addressing
poverty in the
philippines
National household
targeting systems for
poverty reduction (nhts-
pr)
What is nhts-pr?
 An information management system that
identifies who and where the poor are
and the implementation was
spearheaded by the DSWD
 Its aim is to establish a socio-economic
database of households that will be used
in identifying the beneficiaries of national
social protection programs. It also seeks
to reduce the problems of leakage or
inclusion of non-poor and lessen
exclusion or under coverage of the poor
in social protection programs.
 Proxy means test
A statistical model that predicts
income of the households based on
proxy variables in the HAF – Household
Assessment Form which Is compared
to the poverty thresholds at the
provincial level to determine the poor
and non-poor households
On Demand Application (ODA) -provides an
opportunity to households who were not
assessed during the regular enumeration to
apply for an assessment
VALIDATION- assesses and authenticates
the preliminary list of poor & non-poor
households. A Local Verification Committee
is created to review or act on all complaints
raised during the validation period
Both processes are aimed at ensuring
the integrity of the data base, wherein all
the qualified poor households are captured
by the system
The Sustaining
Interventions in Poverty
Alleviation and
Governance (SIPAG)
Sustaining Interventions in Poverty Alleviation
and Governance (SIPAG) is the banner project of
the DSWD in the Social Protection Support
Initiative (SPSI) as part of the Commission on
Information and Communication Technology’s
CICT- assisted Priority E-Government Projects
 DSWD prepared this SIPAG project with the

support of the Electronic Government for

Efficiency and Effectiveness (E3) Project of the
Canadian International Development Agency
(CIDA) in consonance with the DSWD’s
mandate to provide support and technical
assistance to intermediaries (LGU) in the
implementation of social welfare &
development services.
Through SIPAG, the DSWD intends to
demonstrate an improved delivery of
programs and services through
convergence of partner agencies guided
by the enhanced Social Case
Management System (SCMS) and
Utilizing Social Welfare Indicators (SWI).
Partners agencies are the LGUs, DOH,
Phil Health Insurance Company
(PHIC/PhilHealth) and the Technical and
Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
The SIPAG project will contribute to the
attainment of DSWD’s Reform Agenda 2 which is
to provide a faster and better social protection
programs and Reform Agenda 4 which is to
improve its delivery systems and capacities,
including its management information system.
Social Case Management is part of Social Work
practice which was installed nationwide by the
DSWD in 1981. It is both a skill in sw
intervention and an approach to service delivery
using the helping process. It facilitates the
delivery of quality services through a referral
network resulting to convergence with partner
agencies & other community resources.
What is
convergence?
It is the act of directing complementary and/or
synergetic interventions/programs to specified
targets such as poor individuals, families,
households, and/or communities.
It involves pooling of expertise and resources
and systematically channeling of efforts in
pursuit of a commonly agreed goal or
objectives
PRINCIPLES: Synchronization, complementation
and coordination of all government
interventions and the private sectors in one
geographical area to ensure that reforms in
terms of poverty alleviation and social
protection are achieved
 Rationale for
As a convergence
response to the MDG’s call to halve the
poverty incidence by 2015, the DSWD as the
leader in the social welfare & development
sector, implements three major social
protection programs – the 4Ps, the Kapit-Bisig
Laban sa Kahirapan-Comprehensive &
Integrated Delivery of Social Services (KALAHI-
CIDSS) projects, the Sustainable Livelihood
Programs which are all aimed at targeting the
poor households and the poor municipalities in
the country
 Key pillars
a. Common resolve (unity of goals &
objectives)
b. Common understanding ( what and
how)
c. Common commitment (institutional
support)
 Objectives
1. Maximize resources allocated for the
implementation of the department’s
social protection programs
2. Reduce duplication of efforts,
strategies and activities at all levels
3. Harmonize and synchronize the
processes involved in the
implementation of the core social
protection programs;
4. Unify mechanisms for feedback,
reporting, monitoring and
documentation
5. Enhance partnership with the
NGOs, Pos and CSOs; and
6. Enhance knowledge, skills and
attitude towards collaborative action
among stakeholders.
 principles
1. Unity in goals and confluence of
action
2. Focused targeting
3. Empowerment
4. Complementation
5. Operational efficiency
6. Human rights based appraoch
 elements
1. Unified targeting system through NHTS-
PR
2. Synchronized implementation of social
preparation and mobilization activities
3. Harmonized engagement of the LGUs
a) integration of M/CLGU commitments
to support Pantawid Pamilya
implementation into KALAHI-CIDSS
MOA in KALAHI-CIDSS areas that are
targetted for 4Ps
 b. performance of LGU partners
of Pantawid Pamilya commitments as
criteria for inclusion in the KALAHI-
CIDSS scale-up project and

c. inclusion of support for

Sustainable Livelihood and Pantawid
Pamilya as an agenda in KALAHI-
CIDSS provincial engagements
4. Coordinated capability building
5. Harmonized monitoring and
reporting
6. Integrated Social Case
Management
7. Enhanced partnership with the
CSOs
8. Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management
9. People’s Participation
The dswd core
social protection
programs
 1. Pantawid pamilyang
pilipino program
(pantawid pamilya)
It is a poverty reduction strategy that
provides conditional cash grants to poor
households with children 0-14 years old and
with pregnant and lactating mothers, to build
human capital through investments in health
and education.
It provides health and education cash grants
upon compliance of the beneficiaries with
certain conditionalities.
 PURPOSE:
TO ATTAIN 5 OF THE 8
1.
mdg:
Eradication of extreme poverty and
hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality and
empower women
4. Reduce child mortality
5. Improve maternal health
 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
 Break the intergenerational cycle of
poverty through investment in
human capital i.e, education and
nutrition (long term)- “To help keep
4.2 million children healthy and in
school”
 Criteria in the selection of
HH
(NHTSPR)
 Residents of the poorest
municipalities based on 2003 Small
Area Estimates (SAE) of NSCB
 Households whose economic
condition is equal to or below the
provincial poverty threshold
 Households that have children 0-14

years old and/or have a pregnant

woman at the time of assessment
 Criteria in the selection of
HH
(NHTSPR)
Households that agree to meet


condition specified in the program .

Poorest households are selected
through a Proxy Means Test (PMT)
which determines the socio-
economic category of families.
 Goals of pantawid
pamilya
1. To improve preventive health care among
pregnant women and young children
2. To increase the enrollment and attendance
rate of children in school
3. To reduce incidence of child labor
4. To raise the average household consumption
in food expenditure of poor households; and
5. To encourage parents to invest in their
children’s and their own human capital
through investments in their health and
nutrition, education & participation in
community activities
 Program package
1. P6,000 a year or P500 per month per
household for health and nutrition expenses;
2. P3,000 for one school year or 10 months or
P300 per month per child for educational
expenses. A maximum of 3 children per
household is allowed for this grant.
* A household with 3 qualified children receives
a maximum cash grant of P1,400 per month
during the school year or P15,000 annually as
long as they comply with the conditionalities.
 Modes of payment
 Land Bank ATM (cash card)
 Land Bank Over-the-Counter (off-
Site)
 Globe G-Cash Remit
 Rural Banks and other
banks/financial facilities that are still
being explored
 Conditionalities (co-
responsibilities of HH
beneficiaries)
 HEALTH AND NUTRITION
◦Pregnant HH member:
 Visit their local health center to
avail of pre-and post natal care
 Avail of appropriate delivery
services by a skilled health
professional
 Avail at least one post-natal care
within 6 weeks after childbirth
 Children 0-5 years old
 Visit the health center to avail
immunization
 Have monthly weight monitoring and

nutrition counseling for children aged

0-2 years old
 Have quarterly weight monitoring for

25 to 73 weeks old
 Have management of childhood
diseases for sick children
 Children 6-14 years old
 Must receive deworming pills twice a
year
 EDUCATION
 CHILDREN 3-5 YEARS OLD
◦Enrolled in day care or pre-school
program and maintain a class
attendance rate at least 85 % per
month
 CHILDREN 6-14 YEARS OLD

◦Enrolled in elementary and

secondary school and maintain a
class attendance rate of at least
85% per month
 Family development
session
 PARENTS OR GUARDIANS
◦Attend family development
sessions at least once a month
◦Ensure attendance in Responsible
Parenthood Sessions and Family
Counseling Sessions
◦Participate in community activities,
promote and strengthen the
implementation of Pantawid
Pamilya
 Program cycle of
pantawid pamilyang
pilipino program
 5
3 4 Family Registry
Selection of HH Community Preparation (Final
(Enumeration, Assembly list of enrolled 4Ps
PMT, Eligibility (Reg & Validation beneficiaries with
Check) of HH) LBP enrollment

2
Supply-Side 6
Assessment 1st Release
(Availability of
Health &
Education facilities
& service 7
providers) 8 Verification
2nd and of
1 Succeeding Compliance
Selection of Releases with
Provinces/Municip Conditions
alities (SAE)
Community Assembles
Updates/Grievance and
Complaints
Modified conditional cash
transfer program for
families in need of special
protection
(description & objectives)
 description
 The MCCT for FNSP hopes to strengthen the
coverage by targeting the families in need of
special protection to provide and strengthen the
safety, protection and development of children
in difficult circumstances. It is a modified
approach designed to maximize the reach of the
Conditional Cash Transfer Program for the
purpose of helping families and children in
difficult circumstances overcome their situation
and mainstream their into the regular CCT while
generating appropriate resources & service in
the community
 objectives
 To bring back children from the
streets to more suitable, decent and
permanent homes and reunite with
their families
 To bring children to schools and

facilitate their regular attendance

including access to Alternative
Delivery Mode and other special
learning modes
 objectives
 Facilitate availment of health and
nutrition through regular visits to the
health center
 to enhance parenting roles through
attendance to Family Development
Sessions
 To mainstream Families with Special
Children in Need of Special Protection for
normal psycho-social functioning through
Pantawid Program
 Target beneficiaries
 Street families and homeless in Pockets
of Poverty not covered by the regular CCT
 IP Migrant families
 Families with Children with Disabilities
 Families of Child Laborers
 Displaced families due to manmade and
natural disasters and other
environmental factors
 Other Families in Need of Special
Protection
 Target areas
 Highly Urbanized Cities (Cebu, Davao
City, Angeles City, Olongapo City, Iloilo,
Bacolod, Zamboanga, Cagayan De Oro
and Baguio City) and other cities and
municipalities with such cases of families
 Pantawid Pamilya areas with mining
industry, big plantations and factories
and similar situations
 Cities in NCR to include Manila, Quezon

City, Pasay, Pasig, San Juan, Muntinlupa,

Paranaque, Caloocan)
2. KALAHI-CIDSS
AIM: reduce poverty by:
empowering the poor to participate
meaningfully in development
Making development initiatives
responsive to the needs of citizens
by making local governance
processes and systems more
participatory, transparent and
accountable
 It adopted the Community-Driven
Development (CDD) as a primary
development approach & strategy.
It targets the poor municipalities in
the identified poorest provinces
based on the NSCB report. These
municipalities constitute the
poorest 25% of all municipalities of
the 42 poorest provinces.
Program activities are implemented
through:
1. Mobilization of community structures
& LGU support
2. Provision of capability building & skills
training for communities & LGUs on
self-awareness & development values,
participatory needs prioritization &
program planning & implementation
3. Provision of technical assistance &
resources grants for community
priorities
3. Sustainable livelihood
program:
A community based program which
provides capacity building to improve
the program participants’ socio-
economic status through:
support to microenterprises to
become organizationally and
economically viable
Links participants to employment
opportunities