Computer
Networks
- Prof. Ishani Saha
Chapter 1
Introduction
1-1 DATA COMMUNICATIONS
The term telecommunication means communication at a
distance. The word data refers to information presented
in whatever form is agreed upon by the parties creating
and using the data. Data communications are the
exchange of data between two devices via some form of
transmission medium such as a wire cable.
Figure 1.1 Five components of data communication
Figure 1.2 Data flow (simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex)
1-2 NETWORKS
A network is a set of devices (often referred to as nodes)
connected by communication links. A node can be a
computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending
and/or receiving data generated by other nodes on the
network.
Figure 1.3 Types of connections: point-to-point and multipoint
Figure 1.4 Categories of topology
Figure 1.5 A fully connected mesh topology (five devices)
Figure 1.6 A star topology connecting four stations
Figure 1.7 A bus topology connecting three stations
Figure 1.8 A ring topology connecting six stations
Figure 1.9 A hybrid topology: a star backbone with three bus networks
Figure 1.11 WANs: a switched WAN and a point-to-point WAN
Figure 1.12 A heterogeneous network made of four WANs and two LANs
HOW INTERNET
WORKS ?????
