COMPUTER SUBJECT ENRICHMENT
ACTIVITY
NETWORKING CONCEPTS
NETWORKING
• A computer can be defined as a group of computers and
other peripheral devices that are linked together for the
purpose of sharing data and hardware resources. The
computers in a network can be linked through cables,
telephone lines, radio waves, or infrared light beams.
ADVANTAGES OF NETWORKING
• Efficient Use Of Storage Media
• Preserving Information
• Reducing In Hardware Costs
• Increases Efficiency
• Reduces Redundancy
• Quickest Document Delivery
NETWORKING COMPONENTS
• Network card
• Networking cable
• Modem
• Hubs and Switches
NETWORK CARD
• A Network interface card (also known as a NIC, network card,
or network interface controller) is an electronic device that
connects a computer to a computer network, usually a
LAN. It is considered a piece of computer hardware.
NETWORKING CABLE
• The definition of a network cable is used to connect two
computers to share a device such as a printer or to connect
other network devices. An example of a network cable is one
that allows six computers to share the same printer and
scanner.
MODEM
• A combined device for modulation and demodulation, for
example, between the digital data of a computer and the
analogue signal of a phone line.
HUBS AND SWITCHES
• Hub and Switch are both network connecting devices. Hub
works at physical layer and is responsible to transmit the
signal to port to respond where the signal was received
whereas Switch enable connection setting and terminating
based on need.
TYPES OF NETWORK
• Personal Area Network(PAN)
• Local Area Network(LAN)
• Metropolitan Area Network(MAN)
• Wide Area Network(WAN)
PAN
• A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network
organized around an individual for personal use only. They
typically involve a computer, phone, printer, tablet, or some
other device like a PDA.
LAN
• a computer network that links devices within a building or
group of adjacent buildings, especially one with a radius of
less than 1 km. Hou
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MAN
• A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network
that connects computers within a metropolitan area, which
could be a single large city, multiple cities and towns, or any
given large area with multiple buildings. A MAN is larger than
a local area network (LAN) but smaller than a wide area
network (WAN).
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WAN
• A wide area network (also known as WAN), is a large network
of information that is not tied to a single location. WANs can
facilitate communication, the sharing of information and
much more between devices from around the world through
a WAN provider.
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NETWORKING ARCHITECTURE
• Clients-Server Network
• Peer-To-Peer Network
CLIENT-SERVER NETWORK
• Client server network is designed on the base of distributed
model that means to replace, repair, any updating and
relocate server without affecting of client. It is capable
to bear massive usage. ClientServ
server network has best
er
management to keep all records of entire files, so all users
can find any file easily.
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PEER-TO-PEER NETWORK
• A network of personal computers, each of which acts as both client
and sever, so that each can exchange files and email directly with
every other computer on the network. Each computer can access
any of the others, although access can be restricted to those files
that a computer's user chooses to make available.
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NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
• Point-To-Point Topology
• Bus Topology
• Star Topology
• Ring Topology
• Tree Topology
• Mesh Topology
POINT-TO-POINT TOPOLOGY
• Definition of point to point topology “A point to point topology
is a way of connecting two nodes (computer, laptop,
mobile device, router, hub or switch) through a
common medium. The medium can be wired cable or
wireless satellite.”
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BUS TOPOLOGY
• Bus topology is a specific kind of network topology in
which all of the various devices in the network are connected
to a single cable or line. In general, the term refers to how
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are set up in a network.
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STAR TOPOLOGY
• Star topology is a network topology in which each network
component is physically connected to a central node such as
a router, hub or switch. In a star topology, the central hub
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and the connecting
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RING TOPOLOGY
• A ring topology is a network configuration where device
connections create a circular data path. Each networked
device is connected to two others, like points on a circle.
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TREE TOPOLOGY
• A tree topology is a special type of structure where many
connected elements are arranged like the branches of a tree.
For example, tree topologies are frequently used to organize
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MESH TOPOLOGY
• A mesh topology is a network setup where each computer
and network device is interconnected with one another. This
topology setup allows for most transmissions to be
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