UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF
ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT MECHANICAL
Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering)
Manufacturing Techniques (MET-204)
WELDING PROCESS DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
4.10 GAS WELDING
Gas Welding is a welding process utilizing heat of the flame from a
welding torch. The torch mixes a fuel gas with Oxygen in the proper
ratio and flow rate providing combustion process at a required
temperature. The hot flame fuses the edges of the welded parts,
which are joined together forming a weld after Solidification.
• Flame Temperature Range = 2500°C - 3500°C
• Fluxes are added to the welded metal to remove oxides.
• Common fluxes used are made of sodium, potassium. Lithium and
borax.
• Flux can be applied as paste, powder, liquid, solid coating or gas.
4.11 OXY-ACETYLENE WELDING
High Pressure system: oxygen and acetylene are supplied from high
pressure cylinders.
• Acetylene dissolve in acetone in ratio 25: 1
• Pressure at welding torch is 0.06 to 1.0 bar
Low pressure system: acetylene is produced by interaction of calcium
carbide and water
•Acetylene is cleaned by passing it through a purifier.
•Pressure at torch tip is 0.06 bar
4.12 GAS WELDING EQUIPMENT
1. Gas Cylinders
• Pressure
• Oxygen – 125 kg/cm2
• Acetylene – 16 kg/cm2
2. Regulators
• Working pressure of oxygen 1 kg/cm2
• Working pressure of acetylene 0.15 kg/cm2
3. Pressure Gauges
4. Blow Pipe
5. Hoses
6. Welding torch
4.12 GAS WELDING EQUIPMENT
4.12 GAS WELDING EQUIPMENT
FILLER MATERIAL
The Welding wire used as filler material should have a chemical composition
similar to the base metal.
• Low carbon steel
• Mn- steel
• Cr- steel
FLUX
• Fluxes compose of boric acid, soda ash and small amounts of components such
as sodium chloride, ammonium sulphate, and iron oxides.
4.12 GAS WELDING EQUIPMENT
Applications
• Most of commercial metals may be welded by Gas Welding excluding reactive metals (titanium, zirconium) and
refractory metals (tungsten, molybdenum).
Advantages
• Versatile process;
• Low cost, portable equipment;
• Electricity supply is not required.
Disadvantages
• High skill operator is required;
• Flame temperature is lower, than in arc welding
• Fumes evolved by shielding fluxes;
• Some metals cannot be welded (reactive and refractory metals).
4.12 GAS WELDING EQUIPMENT
Gas Welding Torch
4.12 GAS WELDING EQUIPMENT
FAQ
1. Define weld ability?
2. How is welding classified?
3. Name the applications of welding.
4. Name the types of gas welding.
5. What are the metals welded using neutral flame?
6. How does the flame of an oxidizing flame look?
7. Write down the methods of welding.
8. Give the applications of gas welding.
9. Give the applications of flux cored welding.
10. Name the methods of brazing.
References
• Text Books :
1. P.N.Rao, Manufacturing Technology ( Tata McGraw Hill )
2. P.C.Sharma, A text book of Production Technology ( S Chand Publication )
3. R.S.Parmar , Welding Technology, Khanna Publishers
4. R.K. Rajput, Text book of Manufacturing Technology ( Laxmi Publications )
• Reference Books
1. Amitabha Ghosh &Ahsok Kumar Malik, Manufacturing Science (Affiliated East West Press Pvt.
Ltd.)
2. S. Kalpakjian & Steven R. Schmid, Manufacturing Engineering & Technology (Pearson)
THANK YOU
