Digital Image Processing Guide

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Digital Image Processing Guide

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dekebagonji885

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Kotebe University of

Education

Digital Image
Processing and CV
Mulugeta A.(PhD)

1
Chapter One

Introduction to Digital Image

2
Outline
 Digital Image and processing concept
 Image
 Digital Image
 Digital Image Processing
 Review of Signal Processing

3
Image

 A two-dimensional signal that can be observed

by human visual system
 it represents a measure of some
characteristic such as brightness or color of a
viewed scene.
 An image is a projection of a 3D scene into a
2D projection plane.
 An image may be defined as a two-
dimensional function f(x,y), where x and y are
spatial (plane) coordinates, and the amplitude
of f at any pair of coordinates (x,y) is called
the intensity of the image at that point.
4
Digital Image
 Digital image :- Representation of images by
sampling in time and space.
 Digital image is composed of a finite number
of elements, each of which has a particular
location and value.
 These elements are called picture elements,
image elements and pixels.
 Pixel is the term used most widely to denote
the elements of digital image.

5
Cont.
Digital Image
 a two-dimensional function
 x and y are spatial coordinates
 The amplitude of f is called intensity or gray level at the point (x, y)
Digital Image Processing
 process digital images by means of computer, it covers

low-, mid-,and high-level processes

 low-level: inputs and outputs are images
 mid-level: outputs are attributes extracted from input images
 high-level: an ensemble of recognition of individual objects

Low Level Process Mid Level Process High Level

Input: Image Input: Image Process
Input: Attributes
Output: Image Output: Attributes Output:
Understanding
Examples: Noise Examples: Object Examples: Scene
removal, image recognition, understanding,
sharpening segmentation autonomous
navigation

6
Digital Image Processing

 Perform digital signal processing operations on digital

images

7
Cont.
 An image processing operation typically
defines a new image g in terms of an
existing image f.
 We can transform either the range of f.

 Or the domain of f:
Why Image processing

 Storage: as the number of images increase

the memory gets full and the system gets slow
down.
 Example: storage can be dome by

compression of images
 Transmission: in order to transmit the image
the size of the image must be less.
 Human perception: to view the image it
must be better and viewed properly.

9
Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing

Image Segmentatio
Enhancement n