CCS355- Cloud Computing

UNIT I CLOUD ARCHITECTURE MODELS AND

INFRASTRUCTURE
Topic: Course Objectives,Course Outcomes and
Introduction to Cloud Computing
By

Dr. M.Gomathy Nayagam

Associate Professor/ CSBS

Ramco Institute of Technology

Rajapalayam
 OBJECTIVE OF THE
COURSE
To understand the principles of cloud
architecture, models and infrastructure.
To understand the concepts of virtualization
and virtual machines.
To gain knowledge about virtualization
Infrastructure.
To explore and experiment with various
Cloud deployment environments.
To learn about the security issues in the
cloud environment.
 Syllabus
 Unit I- Cloud Architecture Models and Infrastructure
 Cloud Architecture: System Models for Distributed and Cloud
Computing
 NIST Cloud Computing Reference Architecture
 Cloud deployment models
 Cloud service models
 Cloud Infrastructure: Architectural Design of Compute and Storage
Clouds
 Design Challenges.
 Unit II- Virtualization Basics
 Virtual Machine Basics
 Taxonomy of Virtual Machines
 Hypervisor – Key Concepts
 Virtualization
 Types of Virtualization
 Implementation Levels of Virtualization
 Virtualization Structure
 Syllabus Contd…
 Unit III-Virtualization Infrastructure and Docker
 Desktop Virtualization
 Network Virtualization
 Storage Virtualization
 System-level of Operating Virtualization
 Application Virtualization
 Virtual clusters and Resource Management
 Containers vs. Virtual Machines
 Introduction to Docker
 Docker Components
 Docker Container
 Docker Images and Repositories Service Models (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS)

 Unit IV -Cloud Deployment Environment

 Google App Engine
 Amazon AWS
 Microsoft Azure
 Cloud Software Environments
 Eucalyptus
 OpenStack
 Syllabus Contd…
Unit V- Cloud Security
Virtualization System-Specific Attacks:
 Guest hopping
 VM migration attack
 hyperjacking.
Data Security and Storage
 Identity and Access Management (IAM)
 IAM Challenges
 IAM Architecture and Practice
Text and Reference Books
 TEXT BOOKS:
 1. Kai Hwang, Geoffrey C Fox, Jack G Dongarra,
“Distributed and Cloud Computing, From Parallel Processing to
the Internet of Things”, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2012.
 2. James Turnbull, “The Docker Book”, O’Reilly Publishers,
2014.
 3. Krutz, R. L., Vines, R. D, “Cloud security. A
Comprehensive Guide to Secure Cloud Computing”, Wiley
Publishing, 2010
 REFERENCES:
 1. James E. Smith, Ravi Nair, “Virtual Machines: Versatile
Platforms for Systems and Processes”, Elsevier/Morgan
Kaufmann, 2005.
 2. Tim Mather, Subra Kumaraswamy, and Shahed Latif,
“Cloud Security and Privacy: an enterprise perspective on
risks and compliance”, O’Reilly Media, Inc., 2009
PRACTICAL EXERCISES
Install Virtualbox/VMware/ Equivalent open
source cloud Workstation with different
flavours of Linux or Windows OS on top of
windows 8 and above.
Install a C compiler in the virtual machine
created using a virtual box and execute
Simple Programs
Install Google App Engine. Create a hello
world app and other simple web
applications using python/java.
Use the GAE launcher to launch the web
applications.
Simulate a cloud scenario using CloudSim
and run a scheduling algorithm that is not
present in CloudSim.
Find a procedure to transfer the files from
one virtual machine to another virtual
machine.
Install Hadoop single node cluster and run
simple applications like wordcount.
Creating and Executing Your First Container
Using Docker.
Run a Container from Docker Hub
OUTCOME OF THE COURSE
The student will be able to:
Recognize and classify the various design
challenges in the cloud.
Implement the concept of virtualization and
its various types.
Experiment with virtualization of hardware
resources and Docker.
Develop and deploy services on the cloud
and set up a cloud environment.
Recognize the various security challenges in
the cloud environment.
 Historical Perspective of the
Development of Cloud Computing

UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) Programma 101 Desktop Computers

Mainframe Computer, 1950’s 1964

Network Based
Cloud
Computing
Computing
1960’s
2006

IBM5100 Laptop
1975
What is Cloud Computing?
The term cloud has been used as a
metaphor for the Internet.
Computer time sharing technology might
lead to future
- Porfessor. John McCathy
In that, computing power and even specific
applications might sold through a utility
business model.
That idea was most popular in late 1960’s.
 Emergence of Cloud
Computing
Utilitiy Computing?
It is defined as the provision of computational
and storage resoruces as a metered service,
similar to those provided by a traditional
utility company.
Some of them think about cloud is the next
big thing in IT world.
But some others beilve it is just another
variations of the utilitiy computing model.
So, cloud computing has the different
definitions.
 Utility Computing ?

 Service provider makes computing resources and

infrastructure management avaialable to the customer as
needed basis, charges them for specific usage rather
than a flat rate.
 Like other types of on-demand computing, the utility
model seeks to maximize the efficient use of resources
and/or minimizes associated cost.
 Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing= Parallel Computing+
Distributed Computing + Utility Computing
(Grid Computing)+ Virtualization+ SOA
 Examples OF Cloud
Computing
Online file storage- Google drive
Social Networking sites
E-mail
Google Docs
Canvas Instructure
Google Co-lab and etc
Cloud Computing - Definition
"A Cloud is a type of parallel and
distributed system consisting of a
collection of inter-connected and
virtualised computers that are
dynamically provisioned and
presented as one or more unified
computing resources based on service-
level agreements established through
negotiation between the service
provider and consumers.”
-Dr. Rajkumar Buyya
 Global Nature of the
Cloud
The cloud sees no border.
Internet is global in scope.
Through,Interent, people from everywhere
now have access to other people from
anywhere.
So, what is the cloud contirbution here?
Whether Internet is cloud?
No, the gloablization of computing assets
may be the biggest contribution of the
cloud.
Cloud is still in its infancy level.
 Cloud Based Serivce
Offering
Cloud computing may be viewed as a
resources available as a service for
virtualized data center.
But Virtual datacenter and Cloud
computing are not same.
For example,
Google drive
Amazon S3
 It is a simple web service interface.
 It can be used to store and retrieve any amount of
data at any time from anywhere on the web.
 It is IaaS.
 Cloud Based Serivce
Offering
 Salesforce.com,1999
 Google App
 It delivers the application through a browser to thousands
of customers using a multiuser architecture.
 It is SaaS
 So, there are no up-font investment consts in server or
software licensing for the customer.
 Google App Engine
 It delivers the platform from which to work rather than an
application to work with.
 It is closely similar to SaaS
 It offers API which enable developers to exploit functionality
over the Internet, rather than delivering full-blow
applications
 It is PaaS
Grid or Cloud Computing?
 Grid Computing is often confused with Cloud
 Grid Computing?
 It is a form of distributed computing that implements a
virtualized super computer made up of a cluster of
networked or Internetworked compuuters acting
combined to perform very large task.
 Combined the advantages of parallel and
distributed computing.

A Grid
type of Computing = Parallel
parallel and distributed systemComputing +
that enables the
sharing, selection,
Distributed and aggregation
Computing + UtilityofComputing
geographically
distributed autonomous and heterogeneous resources
dynamically at run time depending on their availability,
capability, performance, cost and users quality of service
requirements”.
-Dr.Rajkumar Buyya
Cloud vs Grid Computing
 Grid vs Cloud Computing
Criteria Grid Computing Cloud Computing
User Management Decentralized Centralized
Management Management
Dependency Other computer pick up Totally dependes on
the work whenever the Internet.
computer stop.
Operation Operates with corporte Opertates through
network. Internet.
Accessibility Through Grid Middleware Through standard web
protocol.
Domain Multiple Domain Single Domain
Scalability Normal High
Architecture Distributed Computing Client-Server
Architecture Architecture.
Virtualization Data and Computing Hardware and
resources Software Platform
Computation Maximum Computing On-demand
Sequential Vs Parallel
Processing
 What is Parallel Computing?
Form of computation
Many calcualtions are carried out
simultaneously
Principle:
Large problem can often be divided into
smaller one
All are solved concurrently.
 Distributed Computing?
Study of Distibuted systems.
Distributed System?
Consists of multiple autonomous computers
that communicate through network to
achieve common goal.
Program which runs on distributed system
called Distributed program.
Principle:
Problem is divided into many task, each of
which is solved by one computer.
All systems no need to do same task. Not
concurrently.
 Distributed Computing?
Distributed Computing is where several
disassociated systems are working
separately to resolve a multi-faceted
computing workload.

Each processor has its own private

memory
Parallel Vs Distributed
Computing
Parallel Computing

• Ten men pulling on a

rope to lift a load, that
is parallel computing.

•Ten men have ten ropes

and are lifting ten
different loads from one
place to consolidate at
another place
Distributed Computing
 Is the Cloud Model
Reliable?
Today, majority of the cloud computing
infrastructure consists of time tested and
highly reliable services built on servers with
varying levels of virtualized technologies.
They delivered the services via large data
centers operating under SLA that requires
99.99% or better uptime.
From users’ perspective, the cloud appears
as a single point of access for all their
computing needs.
So, the services are accessible anywhere in
the world as long as an Internet connection
is available.
 Benefits of Cloud
Computing
No Captial Investment:
 Customers do not own the infrastructure. They
can forgo captial expenditure.
 They can consume resoruces as services.
 They have to just pay what they use.
Utilization rate of Computing power increased
 Utilization rate of computing is greatly
improved. Because of multiple users are shared.
 It can significantly reduces the infrastructure
cost and increase the application development.
High Availability
 Legal Issues of using
Cloud Models
Some of the Privacy policies are needed for
using public cloud
The United States–European Union Safe
Harbor Act provides a seven-point
framework for using cloud models:
Notify the purpose of which information is
collected and used from individuals by cloud
service providers.
Individuals (Customers) has to decide
whether their information can be disclosed to
3rd party.
The 3rd party provides the level of privacy
protection has to be ensured to indvidual
 Legal Issues of using
Cloud Models
Allow individuals access to their personal
information.
Take reasonable security precautions to
protect collected data from loss, misuse, or
disclosure.
Take reasonable steps to ensure the integrity
of the data collected.
Have in place an adequate enforcement
mechanism.
There are stillconcern about security and
privacy at both the individual and
governemental levels.