ARBAMINCH UNIVERSITY
Faculty of electrical and computer engineering
WELCOME TO our proposal presentation
OF semester PROject with the
Title: ”design of power factor correction device”.
By 1.burka gari nsr/670/13
2.Shura tulu nsr/ 2136 /13
3.abush bate nsr/142 /13
sub: date;11/03/2017
CONTENTS
• Introduction (Background )
• Problem Statement
• Objectives
• Scope
• Literature Review
• Methodology
• Statement of Limitation
• Conclusion
Introduction
• The power factor of an ac electric power system is defined as the ratio of the real
power(used to do work) to the apparent power(total power in the circuit), and is a
number between 0 and 1.
• Low-power-factor loads increase losses in a power distribution system and result in
increased energy costs.
• Inductive loads,Harmonics,and Reactive Power Demand are the cause of this low
power factor.
• Maintaining a high power factor is essential for energy efficiency,reducing loss,and
avoiding penalities from utility providers.
• An Automatic Power Factor Correction (APFC) system helps adjust the power
factor to its optimal value, typically close to 1, by dynamically switching capacitive
or inductive elements in and out of the circuit.
• This proposal outlines the design and implementation of an APFC device that
automatically adjusts the power factor by continuously monitoring the system's PF
and controlling the switching of capacitors to correct it in real-time.
Problem statement
• Currently, many facilities are operating at power factors below 0.9, which can
significantly impact their operational efficiency.
• And the problem at hand is the widespread inefficiency in electrical systems
caused by low power factor levels in industrial and commercial facilities, which
results from the use of inductive loads such as motors and transformers.
• If left unaddressed, low power factor can lead to increased electricity costs for
businesses, reduced lifespan of electrical equipment, and higher greenhouse
gas emissions due to the need for additional power generation.
• The implementation of a power factor correction device can mitigate these
issues, leading to significant cost savings and enhanced sustainability."
Objectives
General Objective:
• To enhance the energy efficiency , thereby reducing energy costs and
ensuring compliance with utility power factor regulations.
Specific Objectives:
• Improve Power Factor: To achieve a power factor of at least 0.95,
thereby minimizing reactive power consumption.
• Reduce Energy Costs: To decrease electricity costs by implementing
the APFC system through improved power factor and reduced penalties
from the utility provider.
• Enhance Equipment Reliability: To extend the lifespan of electrical
equipment by reducing voltage fluctuations and minimizing overheating
caused by poor power factor conditions.
Scope
Design and Development of the APFC Device:
• Develop an automatic power factor correction system aimed at improving the power factor of
electrical systems in industrial, commercial, or residential settings.
• Technology and Features:
• The APFC device will use capacitors, inductors, or other reactive power compensation
components to improve power factor.
• Incorporation of modern control technologies (e.g., microcontrollers, digital circuits, or smart
controllers) to automatically detect and correct power factor.
• The ability to adjust compensation based on real-time power factor measurements.
Target Applications:
• The device will be suitable for use in various industries including manufacturing plants, large
commercial buildings, data centers, and other facilities with significant inductive loads (motors,
transformers, etc.).
Energy Efficiency and Cost Savings:
• The device aims to optimize the power factor, minimizing power loss and improving the overall
energy efficiency of the system.
• By maintaining a power factor close to 1, the device will reduce penalties charged by utility
companies and contribute to long-term operational cost savings.
Scope
• The scope should cover the installation process, including necessary
hardware components (capacitors, controllers, etc.), and the configuration of
the APFC device to the electrical system.
• The scope will also include performance metrics, such as response time,
accuracy, and the extent of power factor improvement.
Expected Outcomes:
• A significant reduction in reactive power, leading to a power factor closer to
unity (1.0).
• Improvement in overall system stability and efficiency.
• Reduction in energy consumption and operational costs.
Literature Review
• We have considered the work done in the previous years, starting from 1988.and
• Proposed a continuing effort to develop an effective, reliable, and inexpensive adaptive power
factor controller (APFC) .so,
• This literature review explores the technological development, applications, and advancements in
APFC devices.
• The first-generation power factor correction methods involved manual switching of capacitors or
inductors.
• These systems required constant monitoring and manual intervention.
• Over time, automatic systems were developed, which incorporate microcontrollers or specialized
power electronics to dynamically adjust the system's power factor.
• These early systems used mechanical or electromechanical relays to switch capacitors into the
circuit, but these were often slow and prone to failure.
• With advancements in power electronics, digital controllers, and microprocessors, modern APFC
devices offer improved efficiency, reliability, and faster response times. These devices typically
consist of:
• Controllers/Processors: Microcontroller or digital signal processors (DSPs) for real-time
monitoring and decision-making.
• Capacitor Banks: Fixed or switched capacitor banks to provide reactive power compensation.
Methodology
Statement of limitation
• Cost Implications
• Complexity of Installation
• System Sizing
• Compatibility with Existing Equipment
• Maintenance Requirements
• Load Variability
• Harmonics and Distortion
• Environmental Factors
• Technological Advancements
Conclusions
• It can be concluded that power factor correction techniques can be applied to
the industries, power systems and also households to make them stable and
due to that the system becomes stable and efficiency of the system as well as
the apparatus increases .
Thank you
So Much!!
