CAPSTONE
PROJECT
2 SEMESTER
ND
– STEM 12
Lesson 1:
Applied and
Basic
Research
Problems
Objectives
:
1. Identify a scientific problem or
question;
2. Describe the characteristics of a
scientific problem or research;
and
3. Differentiate applied and basic
3 research problems.
RESEARCH/ CAPSTONE
PROJECT
Research/ Capstone Project – also called
capstone experience, culminating project
or senior exhibition, among many other
terms, a capstone project is a
multifaceted assignment that serves as a
culminating academic and intellectual
experience for students, typically during
their final year of high school or at the
end of an academic program or learning-
4
pathway experience.
CAPSTONE
PROJECT
Capstone Projects may take a wide
variety of forms and requires
different intellectual activities.
Most capstone projects are
investigative projects that
culminate in a final product,
presentation, or performance
5
RESEARCH/ CAPSTONE
PROJECT
For the course of Capstone
Project under the STEM
strand, students will prepare
a scientific report/ paper that
involves a scientific,
6
technological or mathematical
SCIENTIFIC
PROBLEM
question that can be answered
by an experiment
usually based on observations of
scientific phenomena
needs a scientific experiment to
find the answer to the problem
7
TECHNOLOGICAL
PROBLEM
application of
science to solve
problems
8
MATHEMATICAL
PROBLEM
problem that is amenable
to being represented,
analyzed and possibly
solved, with the methods
9 of mathematics.
RESEARCH
Research is a systematic
investigative process
employed to increase or
revise current knowledge by
discovering new facts.
10
Two (2) General
Categories of
Research
▪BASIC RESEARCH
▪APPLIED RESEARCH
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BASIC RESEARCH
VS.
APPLIED
RESEARCH
12
BASIC RESEARCH
• Desires to expand knowledge
• Curiosity driven
• Intended to answer why, what or how
questions
• Increase understanding of fundamental
principles
• It may not necessarily result in an invention or
a solution to a practical problem
13
APPLIED RESEARCH
• New knowledge acquired has
specific commercial objectives:
products, procedures or services
• Answers specific questions
aimed at solving practical
problems
14
BASIC APPLIED
RESEARCH RESEARCH
Answers the Creates new
fundamental products,
questions: technologies and
How do things processes
work?
15
EXAMPLES OF BASIC RESEARCH
• A study to discover the components
making up human DNA
• A study on the growth process of oak
trees
• A study on the origination of
cryptocurrency
• A study trying to find out what makes up a
16 proton
EXAMPLES OF APPLIED RESEARCH
• A study looking for ways to market
products for millenials
• A study to find ways to make car tires last
longer
• A study on how to treat patients with
insomnia
• A study on how to prevent mosquito bites
17 from itching
SIMILARITIES OF
BASIC AND
APPLIED
RESEARCH
18
DATA
GATHERING
METHODS
Basic and Applied research adopt similar
data collection processes in order to
gather relevant data and arrive at the
most objective research outcomes. They
typically make use of qualitative and
quantitative data gathering methods
such as interviews, questionnaires,
surveys, and focus groups to gather
19
information and arrive at research
INTERSECTIONALIT
Y
The research
outcomes of basic
research often serve
as the bedrock for
20 applied research.
INDUCTIVE AND
DEDUCTIVE REASONING
Basic and applied research
methods make use of both
inductive and deductive
reasoning to support the
research hypotheses. In
reasoning, the researcher
21
transits from observation to
IDENTIFYING YOUR
RESEARCH
PROBLEM
22
The first and most
important step in any
research is to identify and
delineate the research
problem.
23
RESEARCH
PROBLEM
- may be defined as an area of
concern, a gap in the existing
knowledge, or a deviation in
the norm or standard that
points to the need for further
understanding and
24
investigation.
Choosing a research problem/
how to begin
Identify concepts and terms that make up the
STEP 1
topic statement
Review related literature to help refine how you
STEP 2 will approach examining the topic and finding a
way to analyze it.
STEP 3 Refine your research problem.
25
CHARACTERISTICS
OF A GOOD
SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH
26
1. It should address a gap in knowledge.
2. It should be significant enough to
contribute to the existing body of
research.
3. It should lead to further research.
4. The problem should render itself to
investigation through collection of
data.
5. It should be of interest to the
researcher and suit his/her skills,
27 time, and resources.
EXAMPLES OF
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH/
CAPSTONE TOPICS FOR
STEM
28
1. Journey to new, better energy
industry
2. Mathematical logic and its
achievements
3. Symmetry and harmony of the world
4. Human impact on the biosphere and
its results
5. Evolution of the relationship between
man and the natural environment
6. Issues of rational use of agricultural
29
lands
- END -
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ACTIVITY
# 1:
31
Copy and
answer on your
Notebook:
Part I: Below are examples of research titles in Capstone
Project. Identify each title if it concerns with a scientific,
technological or mathematical problem.
___________ 1. Antioxidant Property of Areca Nut Extract
as an Eco-friendly Anti-Corrosion Spray
___________ 2. Bioconversion of Food Waste (Potato Peels
and Calamansi Peels) to Eco-Paper
___________ 3. Student Grading and Management System
of Angeles City Science Senior High School
32
Copy and
answer on your
Notebook:
___________ 4. Power Step: Converting Kinetic
Energy from Staircases into Electrical Energy
___________ 5. Self-Sustaining Earthquake Alarm
Using Lase and Light Dependent Resistor
___________ 6. e-Bin: An Arduino Automated
Device
___________ 7. The Use of Pomacea Canaliculata
33
as an Alternative Main Ingredients for Chalk
Copy and
answer on your
Notebook:
___________ 8. School Internal Debit Card
System
___________ 9. Chroma: A Proposed Alternative
Assistive Device for Colorblind People Using
Arduino Due
___________ 10. Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei)
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Skin as an Alternative Hydrogel wound
