GOOD
MORNING
DECODIN
Instruction:
G
• The students are going to divide into two
groups
• Each group are going to convert the given
number into a letter to create a word and
write it to provided paper.
3 18 1 14 11 19 8 1 6 20
C R A N K S H A F T
9 14 20 1 11 5
22 1 12 22 5
I N T A K E
V A L V E
6 12 25 23 8 5 5 12
F L Y W H E E L
THIS LESSON AIMS TO:
[Link] the basic components of an Internal
Combustion Engine.
2. Explain the importance of internal
combustion engine.
3. Demonstrate the motion of the piston
during the four stroke cycle.
INTERNAL
COMBUSTIO
N ENGINE
AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (ICE)
IS A TYPE OF HEAT ENGINE THAT
CONVERTS CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO
MECHANICAL ENERGY. IT DOES THIS BY
BURNING FUEL (LIKE GASOLINE OR
DIESEL) INSIDE A COMBUSTION CHAMBER,
CREATING AN EXPLOSION THAT PUSHES
THE PISTON, WHICH IN TURN ROTATES A
CRANKSHAFT.
4 STROKE
ENGINE
A four-stroke engine is an internal
combustion engine that utilises four
distinct piston strokes (intake,
compression, power, and exhaust) to
complete one operating cycle. A
complete operation in a four-stroke
engine requires two revolutions
(720º)of the crankshaft.
PARTS OF A
FOUR STROKE
ENGINE
PISTON
In an engine, a piston transfers
the expanding forces of gas to
the mechanical rotation of the
crankshaft through a connecting
rod and it also move from top
dead center (TDC) to bottom
dead center (BDC).
CRANKSHAF
T A crankshaft is a
mechanical
component in a
piston engine that
converts the
reciprocating
motion of the
pistons into
rotational motion.
CONNECTING
ROD A connecting rod, also
known as a "con rod", is
a component of a
piston engine that
connects the piston to
the crankshaft. It's
responsible for
converting the piston's
reciprocating motion
into the crankshaft's
FLYWHEE
L
The flywheel is a
rotating
mechanical
device that is
used to store
energy.
INTAKE AND EXHAUST
VALVE Intake and exhaust
valves are
mechanically
operated parts of an
engine that control
the flow of air and
exhaust gases into
and out of the
SPARK
PLUG It is a device that
delivers electric
current to the
combustion chamber,
which ignites the air-
fuel mixture leading
to the abrupt gas
expansion.
FOUR STROKE CYCLE
ENGINE
INTAKE
Intake STROKE
stroke occurs when the air-fuel mixture is
introduced to the combustion chamber. In this stroke, the
piston moves from TDC (Top Dead Center – the farthest
position of the piston to the crankshaft) to BDC (Bottom
Dead Center – the nearest position of the piston to the
crankshaft.) The inlet valve remains to open a few degrees
of crankshaft rotation after BDC. The intake valve then
closes, and the air-fuel mixture is sealed in the cylinder
COMPRESSION
STROKE
In compression stroke, the trapped air-fuel
mixture is compressed inside the cylinder.
During the stroke, the piston moves from BDC
to TDC, compressing the air-fuel mixture. The
momentum of the flywheel helps the piston
move forward. Compressing the air-fuel mixture
allows more energy to be released when the
charge is ignited.
POWER
STROKE
The second rotation of the crankshaft
begins when it completes a full
rotation during the compression
stroke. The power stroke occurs when
the compressed air-fuel mixture is
ignited with the help of a spark plug.
EXHAUST
STROKE
As the piston reaches BDC during the power
stroke, combustion is complete, and the cylinder
is filled with exhaust gases. The exhaust valves
open during this stroke, and the inertia of the
flywheel and other moving parts push the piston
back to TDC, forcing the exhaust gases through
the open exhaust valve. At the end of the
exhaust stroke, the piston is at TDC, and one
operating cycle has been completed.
THANK
YOU!
