NATURE OF
MATTER
-Shourya Reddy 9E
INTRODUCTION
• Anything that has mass, occupies space and offers
resistance is called matter.
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
Classification of matter based on chemical constitution
PURE
SUBSTANCE
MIXTURES
. PURE SUBSTANCES
ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS
ELEMENTS
A pure substance which is made up of only one kind of atom and cannot be broken
into two or more simpler substances by physical or chemical means is referred to as
an element.
• An element is homogeneous in nature; it is a pure substance,
made up of only one kind of atoms.
• An element cannot be broken down into simpler substances by
any physical or chemical methods such as heat, light electricity,
or chemical reactions with other substances.
• An atom is the smallest unit that shows all the properties of an
element.
• Elements have sharp melting and boiling points.
COMPOUNDS
A pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically
combined in a fixed proportion is called a compound.
• A compound is homogeneous in nature, made up of the same
type of molecules.
• The components of a compound cannot be separated by physical
methods but they can be separated by chemical and
electrochemical methods
• A compound has a distinct set of properties which is not
similar with the properties of its constituent elements.
• A compound has a sharp melting and boiling point.
CLASSIFICATION OF MIXTURES
TRUE SOLUTION
SUSPENSION
COLLOID
CLASSIFICATION OF MIXTURES
SOLUTIONS COLLOID
SUSPENSION
MIXTURES
Matter that consists of two or more substances which may be elements, compounds
or both mixed together physically in any proportion, but not chemically combined.
• There is no definite proportion in which the constituents of a mixture
combine.
• The parts of a mixture can be separated by physical means.
• When a mixture is created, no new substance is formed; each part of a
mixture retains its own properties
• Energy is neither given out nor absorbed in the preparation of a mixture
• A mixture does not have a sharp melting or boiling point.
TRUE SOLUTION
• A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more
components.
• The dissolving agent is the solvent. The substance that is
dissolved is the solute.
• The components of a solution are atoms, ions, or molecules,
making them 10-9 m or smaller in diameter.
SUSPENSION
• A suspension is defined as a homogenous mixture of particles
with a diameter greater than 1000 nm such that the particles are
visible to naked eyes.
• In this type of mixture, all the components are completely mixed
and all the particles can be seen under a microscope.
• A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture containing solid
particles that are sufficiently large for sedimentation.
COLLOID
• Colloid, any substance consisting of particles substantially larger
than atoms or ordinary molecules but too small to be visible to
the unaided eye.
• More broadly, any substance, including thin films and fibers,
having at least one dimension in this general size range, which
encompasses about 10−7 to 10−3 cm.
THANK
YOU
(Have a wonderful day ahead!)
