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Lesson 3
Learning how to Plant
Trees
And Fruit Trees
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Objectives
In this lesson , You are expected to
• Use technology to conduct a survey to find out the
Elements to be observed in planting trees and fruit-
bearing trees.
Market demand for fruits; and
Sources of fruit-bearing trees.
2
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Find out
Explore
Together with four classmate, visit the market nearest your place. Make a list of the fruit solid
in the market and the price of each fruit. Ask where the fruits grown. Ask also the month when
the fruit is abundant. Record the data you gathered in the table that follows.
Fruit Price Where grown Month where
the fruit is
abundant
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. 3
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Sources of Fruit-bearing trees
Knowing the source of fruit-bearing trees is very important step in making
plans for planting. You can do any of the following:
1. Knowing the orchard in your community and in adjacent communities.
Most often, the growers also produce germinated seed of stock ready for
planting. If there are none in your community, find theme by using
internet.
2. Go to plant nurseries you can find nurseries in different part of the
Philippines.
a. Johnny Amparo plant nursery in Calamba, Laguna. They sell grafted
and budded seedlings of mangosteen, durian, mango, duhat,
balimbing, rambutan and any more.
b. La Suerta’s fruit tree nursery in Don Carlos Bukidnon. They sell
planting stock for cacao, coffee, durian, rambutan, and lanzones.
c. Caita Plant nursery in Caita, Rizal. Their planting stock include palms,
bamboo, and plants for landscaping.
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Important How to in planting trees and
fruit trees
Having and knowing some nurseries where you can get germinated seed or
stock ready for planting, you are now ready to learn the elements to be
observed in planting trees and fruit trees.
1. Decide what to plant. Are you planting trees for shade, for their fruits, or
for their unique foliar shape and characteristic.
[Link] the Site. The site you will select should:
• Get 6 to 8 hours of sunlight;
• Have soil that does not retain water after the rain; and
• Allow you to observed you tree as grows.
[Link] and choose the right species of the tree to be planted. You can also
check out the internet for the species you can choose from as well as the process
or step in planting them. Those planting stocks grown in your community.
Remember to plant your rootstock as soon as possible after purchase.
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Grafting
Grafting is a form of propagating new fruit trees using buds
or twigs which are referred to as the "scion wood" cut from
an existing tree and fusing it onto a branch or stem of
another tree "the rootstock," which is selected for size,
suitability to site, and tolerance of certain soil conditions.
Budding
Budding is a form of grafting in which a single bud is used
as the scion rather than a section of a stem. It is the most
commonly used method for fruit tree production in the
nursery. It could be done using the T-scion, patch, or I-
budding method. To be successful, your scion or the buds
or twigs should be cut from a healthy, disease-free tree.
Likewise the rootstock on which the scion will be fused
should also be a healthy disease-free tree. In T-budding, a
T-shape incision is made on the bark of the rootstock. A
bud piece or a scion is cut upward to include a thin layer of
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wood below the bud.
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Patch Budding
Patch budding is the easiest method. Removing or preparing
rectangular patches of bark is widely used in plants with thick bark
that can be easily detached from the tree. It involves the complete
removal of a rectangle-shaped patch of bark with the longer sides
parallel to the rootstock. It is then replaced with a bud patch of the
same size from a budstick. The patch of bud is cut from both the
rootstock and the budstick by making two parallel horizontal cuts
either with one stroke using a double-bladed knife or two strokes
with the use of a single-bladed knife. The undamaged bud patch is
carefully removed and inserted into the rootstock. Other budding
methods like I-budding, and chip budding are modifications of the
patch-budding method.
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Lesson 4
Know your Orchard
Trees
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While some orchards focus on fruits and seeds, there are orchard farms that mixed
fruit trees with ornamental trees like palm trees, Christmas trees, and other
ornamental trees. Another way of grouping orchard farms is classifying them according
to size of orchards such as:
1. Small family farms. This type of orchard farm is generally owned by the family and
basically has 2 types of trees or mixes more than 3 types of trees. Produce are
generally for food of thefamily.
2. Combination of small family and commercial farms. Part of the area is used by the
family to grow their own fruit trees. A part of the area is leased to commercial growers.
3. Small specialized orchard farms. This type of orchard farm specializes in growing
specific fruit-bearing trees. They grow their fruit trees for any of the following purpose:
for commercial and family sustenance or for multiple use of produce.
4. Integrated orchard farms. Small land owners in different places within a province
agree to plant a common fruit-bearing tree for commercial purposes. They also agree
on the drop-off center for their harvest as well as how their produce will be marketed.
This is shown by the calamansi growers in Oriental Mindoro.
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What Trees to Plant and Where The Philippines is generally a tropical
country with pronounced rainy and dry seasons. However, the country
is divided into four climatic types, depending on the amount of rainfall
throughout the year.
• Type 1 Two seasons, the wet and dry with June to September as rainy
season and the dry seasons which usually last for 3 to 6 months.
Places with this type of climate are the western part of Luzon,
Palawan, and the Visayas islands.
• Type 2 No dry season. Rainfall is heaviest from December to January.
Most provinces in the eastern part of the Philippines have type 2
climate. Maximum rainfall in these areas occurs from November to
January.
• Type 3 Short dry season that lasts from 1 to 3 months with no 10
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The location and climate of the place where you plan to put up an orchard farm
have to be considered before deciding on what to plant aside from market demands
for fruits. However, Dr. Bernardo Dizon or Ka Bernie Dizon, a top pomologist, advises
orchard growers and hobbyists to study first the cultural requirements of each
variety before deciding what to plant. A pomologist is a specialist in pomology, a
branch of horticulture that focuses on the cultivation of edible fruit and nut crops,
especially tree-grown crops. y He strongly suggests that anyone planning to go into
orchard farming should first attend seminars on the topic. Ka Bernie, together with
his son Bernardo II, conducts free seminars for interested growers and those
interested to go into orchard farming every weekend at the PAWB-Dizon Botanic
Fruit and Techno-Demo Center at the Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Center, in
Diliman, Quezon City. Changes in schedules are usually announced on their website.
Techniques in planting a and fertilizing orchard trees and making them pest free are
discussed in the seminar. Other topics discussed in his seminars are how to use the
technology of cloning which involves taking a cutting from the parent plant with
lower leaves removed and the stem planted in damp compost and multiple-root
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Fruit Trees to Plant In deciding what fruit tree to plant, study some of the 20
native fruits in our country. You can find these in the website of the
Department of Agriculture. Below are some of the 10 exotic fruit trees that
are successfully grown in specific places.
• Mango, popularly considered to be the country's national fruit, is grown
mostly in Guimaras, Cebu, Zambales, and Davao. Mango is one of the
major exports of our country. It is rich in vitamins A and C.
• Durian is regarded as the king of all tropical fruits. Mindanao provinces,
particularly Davao, are the major producers of this fruit. People enjoy the
sweet fruit that can be made into sweets, cakes, and ice cream. It is also
common in Southeast Asia. With appropriate technology. durian can be
grown in other parts of the Philippines.
• Guyabano (Soursop)
Guyabano can be found in all parts of the Philippines. The high market
demand for guyabano stems from the health benefits derived from
different parts of the tree, such as the bark, leaves, roots, fruit, and seeds
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which have been used for medicinal purpose.
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• Rambutan This energy-giving fruit is native to Southeast Asia. It
has hairy-like skin. Major producers are Laguna, Batangas, Nueva
Vizcaya, Mindoro, Panay, and parts of Mindanao.
• Atis (Sugar Apple) This sweet fruit can be found anywhere in the
Philippines. It has sweet creamy flesh with numerous black
seeds. However, a seedless variety is now available.
• Suha (Pomelo) Suha or pomelo is the largest citrus fruit. The
most popular specie in the Philippines is the seedless specie of
Davao. It is usually pale green to yellow when ripe, with sweet
white (or, more rarely, pink or red) flesh. Davao is the major
producer of pomelo, but it is grown in almost all places in the
Philippines.
• Coconut The coconut tree is known as the tree of life. Its fruits
are both healthy and delicious. It is grown in all places in the
country but the major producers include Aurora, Quezon, Bicol,
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• Jackfruit or Langka Langka is the world's largest fruit from a tree. A
latex-free variety was developed in Zambales. The provinces of
Zambales, Isabela, Quirino, and Cordillera Autonomous Region (CAR)
are the major producers of langka. Langka is eaten raw or dried. It is
also used in cooking turon and ginataang langka and used as flavor
for desserts and ice cream.
• Lanzones The provinces of Guimaras, Laguna, Batangas, Quezon,
Butuan, and Cagayan de Oro are the major producers of lanzones.
Longhong lanzones has been developed in the Philippines. It is a
latex-free variety and has fruit quality that can compare or be better
than those from Thailand and Malaysia.
• Avocado is abundantly grown in almost all regions of the Philippines.
It has a high market demand due to its high potassium content,
vitamins B5 and 6, K, C, and E. It is eaten raw and used in salads, ice
cream, cakes, and other desserts.
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Thank
you!
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Lesson 5
Planting, Propagating,
and Caring for Seedlings.
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Objectives
In this discussion, you are expected to
• Discuss the proper way of planting/propagating trees
and fruit-bearing trees (budding, marcotting, grafting)
• Conduct a survey to identify sources of fruit bearing
tress; and
• Explain how to care for seedlings.
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• Dr. Bernardo Dizon teaches in his seminars that fruit trees in
Davao can be grown successfully in Luzon by using technology
such as cloning and/or multiple rootstocking Cloning a fruit tree
means making an exact copy of the fruit tree. This is done by
taking a cutting and then grafting this particular cutting on a root
stock. The cloned fruit tree will produce fruits that are of the
same size and taste as the parent tree. Exact copies cannot be
gown from seeds because same mix genetic material from two
different trees. The only way to make an exact copy of in fruit
tree is through cloning or multiple rootstocking Other means of
propagating fruit trees are the following:
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Grafting
• Grafting is a form of propagating new fruit trees using buds or twigs
which are referred to as the "scion wood" cut from an existing tree
and fusing it onto a branch or stem of another tree "the rootstock,"
which is selected for size, suitability to site, and tolerance of certain
Budding
soil conditions.
• Budding is a form of grafting in which a single bud is
used as the scion rather than a section of a stem. It is
the most commonly used method for fruit tree
production in the nursery. It could be done using the T-
scion, patch, or I-budding method. To be successful,
your scion or the buds or twigs should be cut from a
healthy, disease-free tree. Likewise the rootstock on
which the scion will be fused should also be a healthy
disease-free tree. In T-budding, a T-shape incision is
made on the bark of the rootstock. A bud piece or a
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scion is cut upward to include a thin layer of wood below
