GENERAL
CONCEPT OF CULTURE AND
SOCIOLOGY
CHARACTERISTICS OF
CULTURE
PRESENTED BY
GROUP 1
Rannie Alnoor
Melogen
Reza
Jaymar
CULTURE
Culture is the way of life of a group of people,
including their beliefs, traditions, customs, values,
and behaviors. It influences how individuals interact,
think, and function within society. British
anthropologist Edward Tylor defined culture as "that
complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs,
art, law, custom, and any other capabilities and
habits acquired by man as a member of society."
EXAMPLE
For example, in the Philippines, Bayanihan (a
spirit of communal unity and cooperation) is a deeply
rooted cultural value. This tradition can be seen
when neighbors help one another, such as assisting
in relocating a house in rural areas by carrying it
together.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
• Culture is Learned CULTURE
Culture is not inherited but acquired
through education, socialization, and
experience.
Example: Children learn their native
language by listening to their parents
and community.
• Culture is Socially Transmitted
Through Language
Culture is passed from one generation
to another through verbal and
nonverbal communication.
Example: Stories, myths, and
legends like "Ibong Adarna" in Filipino
culture are shared across generations,
keeping historical values alive.
• Culture is a Social Product
It emerges through interactions between
people and changes over time based on
societal influences.
Example: The rise of K-pop and anime
culture has influenced fashion and
entertainment in many countries, including
the Philippines.
• Culture is a Source of Gratification
It provides emotional, psychological, and
social satisfaction.
Example: Festivals like Sinulog and Ati-
Atihan in the Philippines allow people to
express joy, faith, and unity through dance,
music, and colorful costumes.
• Culture is a Social Product
It emerges through interactions between
people and changes over time based on
societal influences.
Example: The rise of K-pop and anime
culture has influenced fashion and
entertainment in many countries, including
the Philippines.
• Culture is Adaptive
It evolves in response to changes in the
environment and societal needs.
Example: Traditional Filipino food
has adapted over time, incorporating
Spanish, Chinese, and American
influences, such as the introduction of
spaghetti with sweet sauce.
• Culture is the Distinctive Way of Life
of a Group
Different cultures have unique traditions and
practices.
Example: The Ifugao's rice terrace
farming is an indigenous practice unique to
their way of life, reflecting their harmony
with nature.
• Culture is Material and Non-Material
Material culture includes tangible objects, while
non-material culture includes traditions, norms,
and beliefs.
Example: Jeepneys are a material cultural
symbol of Filipino transportation, while "Mano po"
(gesture of respect by placing an elder’s hand on
one's forehead) is a non-material cultural
practice.
• Culture has Sanctions and
Controls
It enforces rules through rewards
and punishments for societal order.
Example: In many cultures,
cheating on exams is frowned upon
and may lead to suspension or
expulsion from school.
• Culture is Stable Yet Dynamic
It is preserved through traditions but also
changes with time.
Example: Filipino courtship traditions
(harana) have changed, and nowadays, social
media and texting play a big role in modern
relationships.
• Culture is an Established Pattern of
Behavior
It creates predictable behavior among
members of a society.
Example: In the Philippines, respect for
elders (pagmamano and using "po" and
"opo") is a common and expected behavior.
CONCLUSION
Culture shapes human societies, influences behavior, and evolves
with time. It is learned, shared, and transmitted through language
and social interaction. While it provides stability, it also adapts to
changing circumstances, ensuring its continuity across
generations.
Understanding culture allows us to appreciate diversity and
recognize the uniqueness of different societies. By respecting and
embracing cultural differences, we foster harmony and cooperation
in a globalized world.
THANK YOU
