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Prokaryotic Cells

The document provides an overview of prokaryotic cells, highlighting their key features such as the lack of a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, and their structural components like the nucleoid, plasmids, and cell wall. It discusses the differences between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including examples of each. Additionally, it emphasizes the ecological importance and efficiency of prokaryotic cells.

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marisse945
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22 views20 pages

Prokaryotic Cells

The document provides an overview of prokaryotic cells, highlighting their key features such as the lack of a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, and their structural components like the nucleoid, plasmids, and cell wall. It discusses the differences between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including examples of each. Additionally, it emphasizes the ecological importance and efficiency of prokaryotic cells.

Uploaded by

marisse945
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CELLS

PROKARYOTIC CELLS
Learning Objective/s
• 1. Identify and describe the key distinguishing features of
prokaryotic cells, including their structure and functions.
• 2. Identify prokaryotic cells using diagrams or images based
on their features.
• 3. Appreciate the simplicity and efficiency of prokaryotic
cells by reflecting on their vital role in ecosystems and human
life.
Activating Prior Knowledge
• 1. “What do you know about cells?”
Lesson Language Practice
• prokaryotic
• nucleoid
• plasmid
• flagella
• membrane
Prokaryotic
• From the Greek word “Pro”- before and “Karyon” – kernel
or nucleus.
• A type of cell lacking or not a membrane- bound nucleus
and membrane- bound organelles.
• Found in the Domain Bacteria and Archea
Nucleoid
• A dense region of
DNA in a
Prokaryotic cells
Plasmid
• A small ring of DNA
that carries accessory
genes separate from
those of bacterial
chromosomes.
Ribosomes
• A site for protein
synthesis.
Flagella
•A long cellular
appendage
specialized for
locomotion
Pilus
• A surface appendage
in certain bacteria
that functions in
adherence and the
transfer of DNA during
conjugation.
Cell wall
• Maintains the shape of
the cell, affords
physical protections,
and prevent cell from
bursting in hypotonic
environment.
Cell wall
• Bacterial wall contains
peptidoglycan, which
consist of polymers of
modified sugars cross
linked by short
polypeptide that vary
species to species.
Cell wall
• Gram stain, is a valuable
tools, for identifying
specific bacteria, it is
used to separate many
sp. into 2 groups , gram
negative and gram
positive bacteria.
Cell wall
• Gram-Negative
bacteria, have less
peptidoglycan and are
structurally more
complex, the outer
membrane contains
lipopolysaccharides.
Cell wall
• Examples of Gram-
Negative bacteria,
Escherichia coli, Salmonella
spp. Shigella spp. Klebsiella
pneumoniae, Neisseria
meningitidis, Neisseria
gonorrhoeae, Vibrio cholerae,
Yersinia pestis, Haemophilus
influenzae and etc.
Cell wall
• Gram-Positive
bacteria, have
simpler walls, with
relatively large
amount of
peptidoglycan.
Cell wall
• Examples Gram-Positive
bacteria, Staphylococcus
aureus, Streptococcus
pyogenes, Streptococcus
pneumoniae, Clostridium
botulinum, Clostridium tetani,
Clostridium perfringens,
Bacillus anthracis, Listeria
monocytogenes .
Plasma Membrane

• Provides protection for cell.


• Energy production, (ATP)
synthase takes place, and
in bacteria that uses
sunlight for energy
photosynthesis takes
place.
Plasma Membrane

• Provides protection for cell.


• Energy production, (ATP)
synthase takes place, and
in bacteria that uses
sunlight for energy
photosynthesis takes
place.
Capsule

• It allows bacteria to adhere


to their substratum.
• Outer layer that provide
additional protection,
including increased
resistance of pathogenic
prokaryotes to host
defenses .

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