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Pendulum Project Expanded

This physics project investigates how the length, mass, and amplitude of a pendulum affect its time period. The experiment confirms that increasing length increases the time period, mass does not influence it, and larger amplitudes slightly increase the time period. The findings align with theoretical predictions and provide insights into periodic motion.

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37 views10 pages

Pendulum Project Expanded

This physics project investigates how the length, mass, and amplitude of a pendulum affect its time period. The experiment confirms that increasing length increases the time period, mass does not influence it, and larger amplitudes slightly increase the time period. The findings align with theoretical predictions and provide insights into periodic motion.

Uploaded by

professionalboyvk715
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Physics Project

Investigating the Effect of Length,


Mass, and Amplitude on the Time
Period of a Pendulum
Name: Divy
Class: XI
Index
• 1. Introduction
• 2. Theory & Hypothesis
• 3. Apparatus & Procedure
• 4. Observations & Graphs
• 5. Conclusion
• 6. Bibliography
Introduction
• A simple pendulum consists of a small bob
suspended by a light, inextensible string fixed
at one end. When displaced and released, it
oscillates to and fro under the influence of
gravity. This project aims to study how the
time period (T) of a simple pendulum is
affected by changing its length (L), mass (m) of
the bob, and amplitude (A) of oscillation. The
experiment provides insight into the factors
that govern periodic motion, which is
Theory & Hypothesis
The theoretical time period of a simple
pendulum is given by T = 2π√(L/g), where L is
the length of the string and g is the acceleration
due to gravity. This formula assumes small
oscillation angles (small amplitude). We
hypothesize that:
- As the length increases, the time period
increases.
- Changing the mass does not affect the time
period.
Apparatus & Procedure
Apparatus Used:
- Retort stand with clamp
- Inextensible thread
- Spherical metal bob (of different masses)
- Stopwatch (least count 0.01s)
- Meter scale
- Protractor
Effect of Length on Period
Effect of Amplitude on Period
Effect of Mass on Period
Conclusion
Based on our experimental data:
- The time period increased with an increase in
the length of the pendulum, matching
theoretical predictions.
- Changes in the mass of the bob did not affect
the time period, confirming the independence
from mass.
- At larger amplitudes (above ~15°), a slight
increase in time period was observed, indicating
Bibliography
• - NCERT Class XI Physics
• - HyperPhysics (Pendulum Theory)
• - Wikipedia (Simple Pendulum)
• - Lab Manuals and Notes

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