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Candida

The document provides an overview of mycosis, specifically focusing on candidiasis caused by various Candida species, which is the most common fungal infection in humans. It details types of infections, laboratory diagnosis methods, and treatment options for both cutaneous and systemic infections. Additionally, it briefly discusses Cryptococcus neoformans and mycotoxicosis, including sources of mycotoxins and associated fungi.

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Ashish Kumar
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8 views10 pages

Candida

The document provides an overview of mycosis, specifically focusing on candidiasis caused by various Candida species, which is the most common fungal infection in humans. It details types of infections, laboratory diagnosis methods, and treatment options for both cutaneous and systemic infections. Additionally, it briefly discusses Cryptococcus neoformans and mycotoxicosis, including sources of mycotoxins and associated fungi.

Uploaded by

Ashish Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MYCOSIS

Dr. Manoj Kumar


Prof & HOD
Dept. of Microbiology
RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834009
Mob- 9431204079
[Link]- manoj_drmicro@[Link]
Cadidiasis(Moniliasis)
- Caused by Candida sp.
- Commonest fungal infection in humans(Superficial, deep &
Opportunistic Mycosis)
- More than 100 species identified ( Important Sp. are –
[Link], [Link],[Link], [Link], [Link], etc)
- Predisposing factors –
• Naturally susceptible age group( Infancy, Pregnancy, Old
age)
• Broad spectrum Antibiotic use
• Moisture & Trauma
• Immunodeficiency( Innate or Acquired)
• Diabetes mellitus
• Deficiency of Zinc, Iron or PEM
Types of Infection
1) Mucocutaneous-
. Oral Thrush . Gastrointestinal Candidiasis . Occular
. Vaginal Thrush . Balanitis . [Link] Candidiasis
2) Cutaneous - .Skin- Intertrigo(Skin fold), Diaper dermatitis
.Nail – Chr. Paronychia(nail fold-distal portion), Onychomycosis
3) Systemic- UTI, Endocarditis, RTI, Meningitis, Septicemia,
Bone& Joint infection, Endophthalmitis, etc
4) Allergic – Urticaria, Eczema, Asthma
• Yeast like fungus
• Pseudohyphae Present
• Able to grow on simple bacteriological & SDA culture media
forming whitish creamy colony within 24 hrs
• Candida albicans forming clamydospore(on corn meal agar) &
germ tube test(Reynold-Braude phenomenon) with human
serum at 37 degree celcius within 2 to 4 hrs
Lab Diagnosis-
1) Sample collection
2) Microscopy- Gram stain, LCB, Calcoflour white stain, Histopath
3) Culture- Simple , SDA, Corn meal agar, Chrome Agar
4) Serological
5) Molecular

Treatment& Management-
. Avoid Predisposing factors
.Cutaneous - 1% Gentian violet, Nystatin, Clotrimazole,
ketoconazole
. Systemic – Amphorecin B, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole,
Fluconazole
Cryptococcus neoformans
• Yeast
• Capsulated fungus( polysacharide)
• Five Serotypes( A, B, C, D, AD) based on polysaccharide
antigen
• Able to grow over – Simple culture media, SDA, Birdseed agar
• Biochemical test- Urease positive, Assimilation of Nitrate &
Assimilation of inositol
• Ubiquitous, Saprophytic & Present in pigeon dropping
• Clinical features- Mengitis, Pulmonary & Cutaneous
• Lab Diagnosis –
. Sample collection
. Microscopy- Gram stain, Negative Staining, Calcofluor white,
LCB
. Biochemical Test
. Serological test
. Molecular Test
• Treatment – Amphotericin B
Mycotoxicosis & Mycetism
Mycotoxin Fungus Source
Aflatoxin Aspergillus flavus Nuts & Maize
Ergotoxin
Fumonisins Fusarium sp. Maize
Cyclopiazonic acid Aspergillus flavus Ground nut, Maize
Penicillium cyclopium

Claviceps sp Ergot Poisoning


Inocybe sp. Muscarine Poisoning
THANK YOU

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