GASE
S
Jessa Loraine M. Ramos, RChE
Special Science Teacher I
Lesson Contents
01 02 03 04 05
Pressur Gas
Ideal
Gas Gas Kinetic
Stoichiom Molecul
e Laws Equatio etry ar
Definition and Determine P, V n P, V,
Calculate Determine the
unit conversion or T of a gas T, or number of amounts of Theory
under certain moles of a gas gaseous
conditions of reactants and
change. products
0
1
PRESSURE
Definition and unit conversion
PRESSU
RE
Force per unit area
Standard SI unit is pascal
(Pa)
1 Pa = 1 N/m2 = 1 kg/ (m-s2)
*For gases, the stronger forces involved
in collision, the greater the pressure the
When we long for life without
“ difficulties, remind us that oaks
grow strong in contrary winds
and diamonds are made under
pressure.”
—Peter Marshall
Standard
Atmospheric
Pressure
1 atm = 101 325 Pa
= 101.325 kPa
= 760 mm Hg
= 760 torr
= 14.696 psi
= 1.01325 bar
= 29.92 in Hg
BAROMET
ER
Instrument
used in
measuring gas
pressure
Sample
Problem 1
Mt. Everest is the world’s
tallest mountain. At the
summit, the atmospheric
pressure is about 33.7
kPa. Convert this value
to (a) atmosphere; (b)
bar; and (c) millimeters
of mercury?
Sample
Problem 2
A helium gas tank has an
operating pressure of 257
psi. What is the value of
this operating pressure in
(a) atmosphere; (b) bar;
and (c) torr?
Other Instruments for
Measuring Pressure
Closed- Open- tube Aneroid
tube manometer barometer
manometer
Used for samples Used for samples Has a metallic box
whose pressures are equal or above the that expands when
below atmospheric atmospheric P is low and shrinks
pressure (< 1atm) pressure (≥ 1 atm) when P is high
0
GAS2
LAWS
Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law, Avogadro’s
Law
Gas Laws
show how the following properties of gases are
interrelated:
Pressur
Mole, n
Amount of substance Force e, P per unit
exerted
area
Volume, Temperatur
V
Space occupied by
e, T
Measure of the
matter hotness or coldness of
an object
BOYLE’S LAW
“For a given amount of
gas at fixed
temperature, the
pressure exerted by the
gas is inversely
proportional to its
volume”
P∝ -Robert
Boyle-
BOYLE’S LAW
P 1 V1 = P 2
PV = k1
V2
where: P1 = initial pressure
V1 = initial volume
P2 = final pressure
V2 = final volume
CHARLES’S LAW
“For a given amount of
gas at fixed pressure,
the volume of the gas is
directly proportional to
its absolute
temperature” -Jacques
V∝T Charles-
CHARLES’S LAW
= k2 =
where: V1 = initial volume
T1 = initial
temperature
V2 = final volume
T2 = final
GAY- LUSSAC’S
LAW
“For a given amount of
gas at constant
volume, the pressure
is directly proportional to
its absolute
-Joseph
temperature”
P∝T Louis Gay-
Lussac-
GAY- LUSSAC’S
LAW
= k3 =
where: P1 = initial pressure
T1 = initial
temperature
P2 = final pressure
T2 = final
AVOGADRO’S
LAW
“At constant
temperature and
pressure, the volume
occupied by a gas is
directly proportional to
-Amedeo
its amount (in moles)”
V∝n Avogadro-
AVOGADRO’S
LAW
= k4 =
where: V1 = initial volume
n1 = initial amount (in
moles)
V2 = final volume
n2 = final amount (in
Summary (BT-CP-
GV) QUANTITIES
GAS LAW HELD EQUATION
CONSTANT
P1 V1 = P2
BOYLE’S LAW T, n PV = k1
V2
CHARLES’ LAW P, n = k2 =
GAY- LUSSAC’S LAW V, n = k3 =
AVOGARO’S LAW T, P = k4 =
Gas Law
Calculati
ons
0
3
IDEAL GAS
EQUATION
Ideal Gas
Equation
shows the dependence can be used to
of pressure, volume, determine the other
temperature and quantities such as molar
amount of substance (in volume, density and
moles) to each other. molar mass
Combined Gas
Law
A form of the ideal
equation that shows
the relationships
between pressure,
temperature, and
volume of a given
Than
ks!
Do you have any questions?
[email protected]
0907 205 1127
Jessloraine.ramos
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