LESSON 2:THE ICT

MATERIALS,COMPONENTS,
ASSEMBLIES AND ITS
SPECIFICATIONS
1.AMD-
2.INTEL-
3.HDD-
4.FDD-
5.RAM-
1.AMD-Advance Micro Devices
2.INTEL-Integrated Electronics
3.HDD-Hard Disk Drive
4.FDD-Floppy Disk Drive
5.RAM-Random Access- Memory
SPECIFICATION
is a list of the key
components that
make up the
computer.
• In relation to the factors in selecting the materials, as a learner,
you need to be familiar with the ICT materials, components
and assemblies’ specifications. Not just the name of these
items, you must be particular also on how to describe details
about such item. PC hardware, such as a desktop computer, is
the most common type of IT hardware purchased by a small
business. The cost of hardware depends on its specification,
which in turn is determined by some key components.When
you buy PC hardware, you need to decide what the
specification of these key components should be.
PROCESSORS
 is the brain of the computer and one of the
most important chip in the computer.
 New CPUs are small and square and contain
multiple metallic connectors or pins on the
underside. The CPU is inserted directly into a
CPU socket, pin side down, on the
motherboard.
 Are generally defined by their speed, in
megahertz (MHz) or in gigahertz (GHz), and
this relates to the number of operations
they can perform per second.
 • Microprocessor
• Intel Core i7 Processor
• 8M Cache, 4.8 GHz
• 4 Cores
• U-Ultra low power
• 10th Generation
The two common
manufacturer for
Desktop and Laptop
computers are Intel
and AMD.
Choosing a processor
manufacturer will
Depend on which
motherboards are
compatible with your
CPU.
To view Intel Processors, access www.intel.ph, click Menu, click products
and choose Processors.
To view AMD Processors, access www.amd.com, click Menu, click
products and choose Processors.
Intel was founded on July 18, 1968, by semiconductor pioneers Robert
Noyce and Gordon Moore who left Fairchild Semiconductor to do so.
Originally called “NM Electronics” for Noyce and Moore, the company
purchased the rights to use the name “Intel,” short for Integrated
Electronics, from a company called Intelco. The term “intel” already being
associated with “intelligence” was a bonus.

Most of what
I learned as
an
entrepreneur
was by trial
and error.
In 1969, Co-founder Jerry Sanders
named AMD’s first president and
CEO. AMD incorporates with
$100,000; establishes headquarters in
Sunnyvale, California.
Advanced Micro Devices was
formally incorporated on May 1,
1969, by Jerry Sanders, along with
seven of his colleagues from
Fairchild Semiconductor
Processor type:
Desktop Processor
- use to build a
desktop computers.
• 1.Intel core Celeron i3-6754 D Processor
• 2.Intel Core Pentium i7-3456 P Processor
• 3.Intel Inside Xeon i5 -2897 K Processor
4th generation Intel® Core™
processor family
Processor numbers for the 4th
generation Intel® Core™
processors use an alphanumeric
scheme based on generation and
product line following the brand and
its modifier. The first digit in the
four-number sequence indicates the
generation of processor, and the
next three digits are SKU numbers.
Where applicable, an alpha suffix
appears at the end of the processor
name, which represents the
processor line. Intel® High End
Desktop Processors follow a different
numbering scheme due to the
difference in their feature set.
 Brand Generation
Modifier Indicator
SKU Product
Brand Numeric Digit Line Suffix

Intel® Core™ i7-5930K Processor

(15M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz)

Quick on-board Frequency

CPU memory
The AMD FX-Series, which is only available
for desktop computers, works like this. We’ll
use the FX-8350 as an example.

The product line will always be FX, so let’s

skip to core count. This is a simple one-to-
one translation. If it’s an FX-4100, it has four
cores. If it’s an FX-8350, it has eight cores.
And so on.
•1.AMD RYZEN 5 3600 F
•2.AMD Ryzen 7 5800 X
•3. AMD 6 5 900 X
AMD’s mainstream APUs, which include integrated
Radeon graphics, follow a different formula. Let’s use the
AMD A8-5600K as an example.

The product line tells you if a product is an A-Series, E-

Series processor, or C-Series processor. The A-Series
is AMD’s mainstream laptop and desktop processor
line, and the E-Series and C-Series are meant only for
inexpensive, low-power systems like netbooks and
tablets (in other words, they’re slower).
Mobile Processor - are used for notebooks and
other mobile computers.
Server Processors -
used in servers
computers.

Each type have

different performance,
power consumption
and price.
The Processor Socket Type:
- is where you will insert the CPU
- To ensure that they are
compatible, match your
motherboard socket type with
your CPU socket type and always
refer to the motherboard manual
for the list of compatible its
compatible CPU.
• Single-core CPU. It is the oldest type of CPU which
is available and employed in most of the personal
and official computers. ...
• Dual-core CPU. ...
• Quad-core CPU. ...
• Hexa Core processors. ...
• Octa-core processors. ...
• Deca-core processor.
USB/THUMB DRIVE/FLASH
DRIVE
SPECIFICATIONS RELEASED DATA
TRANSFER
RATE
1.0 LOW SPEED JANUARY 1996 15 MBPS

2.0 HIGH SPEED APRIL 2000 480 MBPS

3.0 SUPER SPEED NOVEMBER 2006 5 GPBS

3.1 SUPER SPEED + JULY 2013 10 GPBS

 Optical Disc
• Compact Disc
(700MB)-
• Digital Versatile Disc
4.7GB
• Blu-ray Disc
25GB/50GB
 Mouse
• Logitech corded mouse
• USB connectivity
• 800 dpi resolution
• DPI (Dots Per Inch) is a
measure of “dots” that your
mouse is able to read per linear
inch of movement in one
direction. A dot in this instance
is the mouse’s internal count of
distance traveled within an
inch.
•Memory/RAM
•DDR2/DDR3/
DDR4
•2GB/4GB/8GB
MEMORY (RAM)
• The main working
memory in a computer
• The processor uses this
memory to run programs.
• measured in megabytes
(MB), & gigabytes (GB)
Synchronous Dynamic
RAM
• is a generic name for various kinds of
dynamic random access memory (DRAM)
that are synchronized with the clock
speed that the microprocessor is optimized
for
Dynamic RAM
• is the most common type of memory in use
today. Inside a dynamic RAM chip, each
memory cell holds one bit of information and
is made up of two parts: a transistor and a
capacitor
Single Inline Memory Module
• is a type of memory module containing
random-access memory used in computers from the
early 1980s to the late 1990s. It differs from a
dual in-line memory module (DIMM), the most
predominant form of memory module today, in that the
contacts on a SIMM are redundant on both sides of the
module.
Dual Inline Memory Module
• is a type of memory module
containing random-access memory
used in computers from the early
1980s to the late 1990s. It differs
from a dual in-line memory module
(DIMM), the most predominant
form of memory module today, in
that the contacts on a SIMM are
redundant on both sides of the
module.
Double Data Rate (DDR)
• is the advanced version of synchronous dynamic
random access memory (SDRAM). SDRAM waits for
clock signals before responding to control inputs. DDR
uses both the falling and rising edges of the clock
signal.
Double Data Rate 2 (DDR3)
• DDR2 RAM is an
improved version of
DDR memory that is
faster and more efficient.
Like standard DDR
memory, DDR2 memory
can send data on both
the rising and falling
edges of the processor's
clock cycles.
Double Data Rate 3 (DDR3)
• DDR3 is a type of SDRAM that is used for system
memory. It is available in both DIMM and SO-DIMM
form factors. DDR3 RAM is similar to DDR2 RAM, but
uses roughly 30% less power and can transfer data
twice as fast.
Double Data Rate 4 (DDR4)
• Double Data Rate 4 Synchronous Dynamic Random-
Access Memory, officially abbreviated as DDR4SDRAM,
is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access
memory with a high bandwidth ("double data rate")
interface.
AVR

• 3 outlet with 220V Max

• 500VA/500 watts
• Solid State Electronics
MONITOR specifications
• Resolution:1280 × 720
• Size:21.5"-27" inch
• Aspect Ratio:21:9 -
UltraWide
• Panel Type - IPS, VA, TN
• Refresh Rate:90Hz
• Response Time
CAMERA/WEBCAM
• WxD:29mm x 94 mm x
• 24 mm
• Full HD 1080p
• 90° field of view

• 46 megapixels | 3.2″
screen | Full frame
sensor
 Keyboard
• Keyboard
• USB keyboard
• Touch sensitive
• Slim keyboard
• Spill resistant
 HEADSET
• Headset with microphone
• Logitech stereo headset
• Full stereo sound
• Noise-
cancelling_x0002_Microphone
• In-line audio control dsc8392axx-copy.webp
HARD DRIVE
• is the computer’s primary storage
area
• It stores the applications and
programs that run on the PC, as
well as any work created by users.
• measured in gigabytes (GB)
EXTERNAL HDD
• Key specifications include
• Storage capacity (measured in gigabytes or
terabytes),
• Rotational speed (measured in revolutions per
minute or RPM),
• Interface (like SATA),
• Form factor (2.5-inch or 3.5-inch), and access
time.
• A hard drive capacity of at least
80GB is recommended for general
purpose PCs. A hard drive capacity
of 200GB or more is recommended if
working with multimedia applications
where large graphics and digital
audio/video files are being created
and stored.
 Other
Specification
MONITOR
• The older Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
have been largely replaced by Liquid
Crystal Display (LCD) and Light
Emitting Diode (LED) flat-screens. A
15” LCD/LED has the same viewing
area as the older 17” CRT.
• Average entry-level PCs usually come
with a 17” flat-screen and this is adequate
for most general purpose applications.
Larger 19” flat-screens are available and
may be appropriate if video editing and
advanced graphics work is being carried
out. Teachers of students with special
needs may want to consider using larger
monitors with their students.
OPTICAL DISC DRIVE
• CD R/W drives are standard on PCs
and allow the information on a
compact disc (either data or audio)
to be read and written to by the PC.
It is defined by its speed (i.e., 48x or
48 speed).
• DVD drives can read both CDs and
DVDs. Standard on entry level computers
are 48x DVD-ROM/CD_RW drives and
allows you to copy blank CDs. High
performance computer use 52x DVD-
RWs. Educational software is being
developed in both DVD and CD formats,
but a DVD can hold over 25 times more
data than a CD.
• DVD drives can read both CDs and
DVDs. Standard on entry level computers
are 48x DVD-ROM/CD_RW drives and
allows you to copy blank CDs. High
performance computer use 52x DVD-
RWs. Educational software is being
developed in both DVD and CD formats,
but a DVD can hold over 25 times more
data than a CD.
Graphics and Sound Cards
• These cards are installed inside a PC and
are responsible for determining the
quality of the audio and visuals
(graphics and video) output by the
computer. They hold their own memory (in
MB), which is why they add to a
computer’s capability.
• An integrated graphics card with
256MB of memory is
recommended for general
purpose PCs.
• Computers running high-end
applications generally require a
separate 256MB graphics card.
• A sound card generally comes as
standard in most PCs purchased
today. If students intend to work
extensively with digital music, the
school should consider getting a
high-end sound card as this will
create greater depth, complexity
and realism of sound.
Speakers and Headphones
• Most computers come with either built-
in or external speakers. Schools may
also consider buying headphones to
control sound levels within a classroom or
computer room. Cheap ‘headphone
splitters’ can also be purchased — these
enable two sets of headphones to be
used per computer.
Network Interface Card (NIC)
• allows a computer to be connected to a
network
• A 10/100/1000 Mbps (Megabits per
second) card is the standard network
card today. Few school networks
currently operate at speeds higher than
100Mbps.
Operating Systems (OS)
• PCs are generally purchased with an
operating system pre-installed. It is worth
checking that your existing software will still
work with the operating system of any new
systems being purchased. It may be possible
to choose a particular operating system and,
if so, this may help standardize new machines
with existing school PCs.
Purchasing Considerations: Consider the following points
when purchasing PCs
 What is the intended use of the PC and will the chosen
specification fulfill these aims?
 Is the PC compatible with existing computer equipment and
software?
 Is the technical support service satisfactory?
 a minimum 1 year warranty including replacement if needed
and full parts and labor is recommended
 Will added peripherals be required such as headphones, and
optical mice.
 Easy access of multiple USB ports • Operating System
licensing options