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Lexical Issues in Java

The document outlines the lexical elements of Java, including whitespace, identifiers, literals, comments, separators, and keywords, which are essential for defining the syntax and structure of Java programs. It explains the rules and examples for each element, emphasizing the importance of understanding these components for writing syntactically correct Java code. Overall, these elements serve as the foundational building blocks for Java applications.

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79 views9 pages

Lexical Issues in Java

The document outlines the lexical elements of Java, including whitespace, identifiers, literals, comments, separators, and keywords, which are essential for defining the syntax and structure of Java programs. It explains the rules and examples for each element, emphasizing the importance of understanding these components for writing syntactically correct Java code. Overall, these elements serve as the foundational building blocks for Java applications.

Uploaded by

mohanapriya.c
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lexical Issues in Java

Overview
• Java programs consist of several atomic
elements that include whitespace, identifiers,
literals, comments, operators, separators, and
keywords. These elements collectively define
the syntax and structure of Java programs.
Whitespace
• Java is a free-form language, which means:
• - No strict rules for indentation.
• - Programs can be written on a single line or
spread across multiple lines.
• - Whitespace characters include: Space, Tab,
Newline.
• - Whitespace separates tokens not already
delineated by operators or separators.
Identifiers
• Identifiers are names used for classes,
methods, and variables.
• Rules for Identifiers:
• - Can contain letters, digits, underscores, and
dollar signs.
• - Must not begin with a digit.
• - Java is case-sensitive.
• Examples of Valid Identifiers: AvgTemp, count,
a4, $test, this_is_ok
Literals
• Literals represent constant values directly in
the code.
• Examples:
• - Integer: 100
• - Floating-point: 98.6
• - Character: 'X'
• - String: "This is a test"
• Usage: Literals can be used wherever values of
their types are required.
Comments
• Java supports three types of comments:
• 1. Single-line comments: Start with //.
• 2. Multi-line comments: Enclosed between /*
and */.
• 3. Documentation comments: Start with /**
and end with */. Used to generate HTML
documentation.
Separators
• Separators are symbols that structure Java
programs.
• Commonly used separators:
• - ( ) Parentheses: Contain parameter lists,
define precedence, and enclose expressions or
control statements.
• - { } Braces: Define blocks of code, classes,
methods, or local scopes.
• - [ ] Brackets: Declare array types and access
array elements.
Keywords
• Java defines 50 keywords that form the core
syntax of the language.
• Key Points about Keywords:
• - Cannot be used as names for variables,
classes, or methods.
• - Reserved keywords: const and goto (not used
but reserved for future use).
• - Reserved literals: true, false, and null.
• Examples of Keywords:
Conclusion
• Understanding these lexical elements is crucial
for writing syntactically correct Java programs.
They provide the building blocks for defining
structure, behavior, and data in Java
applications.

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