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Constraint Satisfaction Problem in AI

Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSP) involve variables, domains, and constraints that must be satisfied. Techniques for solving CSP include backtracking search, forward checking, and constraint propagation, with applications in scheduling, map coloring, and resource allocation. CSP is a fundamental concept in artificial intelligence with various practical uses.

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38 views6 pages

Constraint Satisfaction Problem in AI

Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSP) involve variables, domains, and constraints that must be satisfied. Techniques for solving CSP include backtracking search, forward checking, and constraint propagation, with applications in scheduling, map coloring, and resource allocation. CSP is a fundamental concept in artificial intelligence with various practical uses.

Uploaded by

Arunprakash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Constraint Satisfaction Problem

in AI
Overview of CSP and Applications
Key Components of CSP
• 1. Variables: Unknowns to assign values to
• 2. Domains: Possible values each variable can
take
• 3. Constraints: Rules that variables must
satisfy
Example Problem: Map Coloring
• Variables: WA, NT, SA, Q, NSW, V, T
• Domains: {Red, Green, Blue}
• Constraints:
• - WA ≠ NT, WA ≠ SA
• - NT ≠ SA, NT ≠ Q
• - SA ≠ Q, SA ≠ NSW, SA ≠ V
• - Q ≠ NSW, NSW ≠ V
Types of Constraints
• 1. Unary Constraints: Involve a single variable
(e.g., X ≠ 3)
• 2. Binary Constraints: Involve two variables
(e.g., X ≠ Y)
• 3. Global Constraints: Involve more than two
variables (e.g., AllDifferent(X, Y, Z))
Solving Techniques
• 1. Backtracking Search: Assign values and
backtrack if needed
• 2. Forward Checking: Remove invalid values
from future domains
• 3. Constraint Propagation: Use Arc Consistency
to reduce domains
• 4. Heuristics:
• - MRV (Minimum Remaining Values)
• - Degree Heuristic
Applications of CSP in AI
• - Scheduling problems (e.g., class timetabling)
• - Map coloring
• - Sudoku solving
• - Cryptarithmetic puzzles
• - Resource allocation
• - Planning and robotics

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