INTRODUCTION TO SOURCES OF
ISLAM
Overview
Phase I: Sources of Islam
i.Introduction.
Phase II: Al-Quran
ii. Introduction, Basic Concepts.
Phase III: Hadith
iii. Introduction, Sunnah & Hadith, History & Kinds.
Phase I: Sources of Islam
Quran
Hadith
MAIN SOURCES
1. HOLY QURAN
Holy Quran is the first source of Islamic law. The
Quran is the direct words of Allah, as revealed to
and transmitted by the Prophet Peace Be Upon
Him. All sources of Islamic law must be in
essential agreement with the Quran, the most
fundamental source of Islamic knowledge. The
Quran is therefore regarded as the definitive
authority on matters of Islamic law and practice. It
is only when the Quran itself does not speak
directly to or in detail about a certain subject, than
Muslims turn to alternative sources of Islamic law.
2. HADITH
Hadith is the second source of Islamic law. Hadith is a
collection of sayings, actions, silent approvals and personal
characteristics of the Prophet Peace Be Upon Him, which
have been recorded in the volumes of books. The common
people used to ask the Prophet Peace Be Upon Him directly
for legal rulings on various matters. When he passed judgment
on such matters, all of these details were recorded, and they
were used for reference in future legal rulings. Many issues
concerning personal conduct, community and family relations,
political matters, etc. were addressed during his time decided
by him, and recorded. The Hadith can thus serve to clarify
details of what is stated generally in the Quran, making its
laws applicable to real-life situations. Hadith is also an
explanation to the Holy Quran when its comes to clarify
concepts of prayers and giving alms and much more.
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Phase II: Al-Quran
Introduction
Basic Concept
Introduction
Revelation
Linguistically
Technically
Main subject
Qiraa’t
Compilation
Overview
Virtues
Rights
REVELATION
Why do we need revelation ?
REVELATION: MODES
There were basically three forms in which the Holy
Quran was revealed to the Holy Prophet (Peace Be
Upon Him) :
Hazrat Jibrael Alai Salam (Appearing
himself/Posture of other person/ILQAA).
Only sounds (Bells).
Direct conversation.
LINGUISTICALLY
Arabic word ()قرأ
Recitation , Reading , Widely Read Book.
TECHNICALLY
الم نزل على خ اتم, « ه و كالم الل ه المعج ز
األنبياء والمرسلين بواسطة األمين جبريل عليه
المنقول إلينا, المكتوب في المصاحف,السالم
المب دوء بس ورة, المتعب د بتالوت ه,ب التواتر
» المختتم بسورة الناس,الفاتحة
“IT IS THE WORD OF ALLAH AND IS THE MOST MIRACULOUS,
REVEALED ON THE LAST PROPHET (PEACE BE UPON HIM) BY MEANS
OF ANGEL JIBRAEL (ALAI SALAAM), WRITTEN IN THE SCRIPTURES,
TRANSMITTED TO US THROUGH RECURRENT SOURCES,
WORSHIPPED BY RECITATION, STARTING FROM SURAH FATIHA AND
ENDING ON SURAN NAAS.”
MAIN SUBJECTS OF
HOLY QURAN
There are basically three main subjects covered in
the Holy Quran which are as follows
1/ Oneness of ALLAH (Tawheed)
2/ Prophet Hood (Risalat)
3/ Day of Judgement (Akhirah)
Qira’ah: Introduction and Examples
Holy Quran was revealed in seven different dialects.
All the dialects are authentic and from the Holy
Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him).
RECITATION
Sheikh Shuriam
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Sheikh Abdur Rehman Mossad
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Sheikh Mishary Al Fasalay
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ACTIVITY - RECITATION BY
STUDENTS
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OR
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COMPILATION OF HOLY QURAN
• ERA OF PROPHET PEACE BE UPON HIM
• ERA OF HAZRAT ABU BAKR
• ERA OF HAZRAT USMAN
OVERVIEW
LANGUAGE
MAKKI SURAHS
MADANI SURAHS
FAMOUS NAMES
PROPHETS
ANGELS
PARTS
MANZIL OR HIZB
CONTINUATION
AYAT
NUMBER OF AYAT
SURAH
NUMBER OF SURAHS
NUKTAA (DOTS)
HARKAAT(Vowel Point)
RUKOOH
SHORTEST SURAH
LONGEST SURAH
VIRTUES
•"Indeed the Quran guides to that which is most suitable and gives good
tidings to the believers who do righteous deeds that they will have a great
reward." [Quran: 17:9 ]
•“The best of you are those who learn the Quran and teach it to others.”
[Sahih Bukhari]
• “Whoever reads a letter from the Book of Allah, he will have a reward, and
this reward will be multiplied by ten. I am not saying that 'Alif, Laam, Meem‘
is a letter, rather I am saying that ‘Alif’ is a letter, ‘Laam’ is a letter and
‘Meem’ is a letter.” [Sunan Tirmizi]
•“Indeed the one who recites the Quran beautifully, smoothly, and precisely,
will be in the company of the noble and obedient angels. As for the one who
recites with difficulty, stammering or stumbling through its verses, then he
will have twice that reward.” [Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim]
•“And the Quran is a proof for you or against you.”
[Sahih Muslim]
QURAN
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AAckxs
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M2oSuU
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PxkQk
QURAN
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rz5Fhk
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HPvto
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AH3I
RIGHTS
• Believe
• Read
• Understand
• Act upon it
• Convey to other
FAMOUS COMMENTARIES OF QURAN
IN ARABIC
• Tafseer Ibn Jarir
• Tafseer Ibn Kathir
• Tafseer Qurtabi
• Tafseer Roooh ul Maani
• Tafseer Abi Saud
Basic Concept
33 of 40
How many times have I read this
book ?
1/ ط
2/ ج
3/ ص
4/ م
5/ ال
Phase III: Hadith
Introduction
Sunnah & Hadith
History
Kinds
Introduction
What is Hadith ?
• LINGUISTICALLY
The word “Hadith” means an item of news,
conversation, a story or a report .
Also used in the meaning of “new”.
• TECHNICALLY
All that is attributed to Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) in
terms of :
Sayings
Actions
(Silent) Approvals
Personal Characteristics
SAYINGS
“Feed the hungry, visit the sick and free the
captive”.{Bukhari}
ACTIONS
“He used to sleep early at night, and get up in its last part to
pray, and then return to his bed.”{Bukhari}
SILIENT APPROVALS
When the Prophet (PBUH) returned from the battle of Al-Ahzab (clans) ,
He said to us "No one is to offer the Asr prayer but at Bani-Quraiza " .
While when Asar prayers time entered, Some of us decided not to pray
but at Bani Quraza while some others decided to pray on the spot and
said that the intention of the Prophet( Peace Be Upon HIm.) was not
what the formal party had understood. And when that was told to the
prophet (PBUH) he did not blame any one of them. (Bukhari)
PERSONAL CHRACTERISTICS
“The Prophet (PBUH) was handsome of all people, and had the best
appearance. He was neither very tall nor short.” (Bukhari)
STRUCTURE OF HADITH
َعْن، َحَّدَثَنا َيْحَيى: َق اَل،َحَّدَثَنا ُم َس َّدٌد
َأ َق
َع
ٍس ِن َن ْن َع ،َةَد اَت َعْن، ُش ْعَبَة
: الَّنِبِّي َص َّلى اللُه َعَلْيِه َو َس َّلَم َق اَل
َأِل ُك َأ
َح َّتى ُيِح َّب ِخ يِه، «َال ُيْؤ ِم ُن َحُد ْم
»َم ا ُيِح ُّب ِلَنْف ِس ِه
•Musadad told us that Yahyaa informed him from Shubah,
from Qadatah, from Anas from the Prophet (Peace Be
Upon Him)
•“ None of you truly becomes a believer until he loves
for his brother what he loves for himself ” [Bukhari]
VIRTUES
Sayyiduna Ibn Mas’ud [Radhiyallahu
‘Anhu] narrates that he heard the
Prophet [Peace Be Upon Him] saying:
"May Allah illuminate and freshen
that person’s face who hears
(Hadith) from me and conveys it as he
hears it……..”
(Sunan Tirmizi: 2657)
SOURCES OF HADITH
Sahih Bukhari
Sahih Muslim
Sunan Abi Dawood
Jamah At Tirmizi
Sunan An Nasaai
Sunan Ibn Majah
Mauta Imam Malik
Musnand Ahmed
Musanaaf Abdur Razzaq
Musanaaf Ibn Abi Sheebah
Recommended Books
Arbaeein Nawawi
Riaz Us Saliheen
Maarif ul Hadith
SUNNAH AND HADITH
Synonyms
The term Hadith and Sunnah is sometimes used in the same meaning.
We often say this is Sunnah and another moment we would say that it
has been narrated in Hadith as well.
Antonyms
The term Hadith and Sunnah is sometimes used in the opposite
meaning. We denote Hadith as whatever has happened in His life and
Sunnah as what is recommended for us by Him.
HISTORY OF HADITH
ERA OF HOLY PROPHET PEACE BE UPON
HIM
ERA OF COMPANION RAZI ALA ANHO
ERA OF TABE IIN RAHI MULLAH
ERA OF TABA TABE IIN RAHI MULLAH
ERA AFTER THEM
KINDS OF HADITH
