University Institute of

Engineering
Academic Unit-1
Bachelor of Engineering (CSE, IT, CSE-IBM)
Computer Graphics using CAD Lab. (20MEP114)
Experiment No. 5 & 6
Prepared By: Paras Khullar

PROJECTIONS OF PLANES DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

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 PROJECTION
OF PLANES
Course Outcome Will be covered in this
CO Title Level
Number After completion of the course the students may be able to:
lecture

CO1 Sketch the different conventions and representations of Remember

engineering graphics on AutoCAD software. & Understand
CO2 Explain the use of engineering drawing, compare and Understand
predict the geometrical details of common engineering
objects.
CO3 Classify, examine and draw the dimensioned figures Understand
expressing information about the shape and size of
physical objects
CO4 Identify and express the geometrical features of a product Understand
on AutoCAD software.
CO5 Understand
Draw orthographic views of computer components. 2
 COURSE
OBJECTIVES
Students may be able to
• Draw 2-D figures of different polygons
• Build an understanding level of
imagination to represent 2D plane
figures with respect to H.P & V.P
• Draw front and top views of the plane
figures in various orientations w.r.t.
the principal planes

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 Plane and Lamina

• Plane: Plane is a 2D figure with infinite length and width (Eg. H.P & V.P)
• Lamina:-Lamina is 2D plane figure with specific length and width (Eg. Triangle, Pentagon.etc)

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 Examples of Lamina
• A lamina can be of triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, etc.

Image Source: www.brainkart.com 5

 Orientations of the planes

• Basic information required to draw the projections of the planes

1. Size of one side of the plane/ diameter of a circular plane
2. Orientation of the plane as a whole ( Plane is parallel/ perpendicular/ inclined to the
principal planes)
3. Orientation of the plane w.r.t. its edge, corner, diameter, etc.

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Orientations of the plane as a whole

A rule is followed for this condition

• If the plane is parallel to one principal plane, the figures drawn will only be single stage i.e.
one FV and one TV
• If the plane is inclined to one of the principal planes
1. In 1st step assume the plane parallel to that principal plane and draw the projections
2. In the 2nd step make it inclined to that principal plane

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Orientations of the plane w.r.t. edge
• Let us consider a pentagonal plane parallel to HP as a whole
• The 2 cases of how the plane can be placed w.r.t. its edge are given below

Image Source: Self-Made 8

 Orientations of a plane
SURFACE PARALLEL TO HP SURFACE INCLINED TO HP

For Tv
For T.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION PICTORIAL PRESENTATION

F or
For Fv
F.V
.

ORTHOGRAPHIC ORTHOGRAPHIC
TV-True Shape FV- Inclined to XY
FV- Line // to xy TV- Reduced Shape
VP VP d’
c’

a’ d’
b’ c’ a’ ’
b
a d a1 d1
Animation Source:
b c www.slideshare.net
b1 c1
HP A HP B 9
 Projections of Planes
A regular pentagon of 25mm side has one side on the ground. Its plane is inclined at 45° to the HP
and perpendicular to the VP. Draw its projections.

c’
d’ ’
b
a’ b’
e’ d’ c’

a’
e’
45º
X Y

b b1
a a1

c c1
25

e e1
d d1

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 Projections of Planes
Draw the projections of a circle of 5 cm diameter having its plane vertical and inclined at 30º to the
V.P. Its centre is 3cm above the H.P. and 2cm in front of the V.P.
50 Ø

4’ 4 1’
3’ 5’ 3 1’ 5 1’

2’ 6’ 6 1’
2 1’

1 1’ 7 1’
1’ 7’

121’ 8 1’
12’ 8’
30

9 1’
11’ 9’ 111’
X 10’ Y
101’
1
20

2,
12 3, 30º
11 4,
1 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
8 10 5,
12 11 10 9
9 6,
8 7

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 Projections of Planes
Draw the projections of a regular hexagon of 25mm sides, having one of its side in the H.P. making
an angle of 45° with the H.P.

Plane inclined to HP at
45°and ┴ to VP

e’
d’
Plane parallel to HP f’
c’
a’ b’ c’ f’ d’e’ b’ 45º
X a’ Y
f f1

a e a1 e1

b d b1 d1

c c1

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 Assessment Pattern
Final Weightage in
Sr. Weightage of actual Internal
Type of Assessment Task Frequency of task Assessment Remarks
No. conduct
(Prorated
Marks)
Practical Worksheet (In Depending upon
Journal Category) and Class- 20 marks for each 8-10
1. 40 marks no. of
room experiment experiments
Learning experiments
At-least after the
2. Mid-Term Test 20 marks 1 per semester 12 marks completion of 5
experiments.

Discussion Forum/Short
3. Digital Assignment/Journal 4 marks for each task 1 per semester 4 marks
to submit
design/Portfolio

4. Presentation* ------ Non Graded:

Engagement Task
5. Attendance and BB ----- 4 marks End Semester
Engagement Score

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 Applications

• Projection of planes are used to find out the true shape of different regular and irregular
planes(Eg. triangle, pentagon, hexagon).
• Projection of planes are also used to find out the front, top & side views of planes .

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 Frequently Asked Questions

• What is the difference between plane and lamina?

• What is the included angle of a pentagon and hexagon?
• Draw a pentagonal plane when one of its side is parallel to VP
• If a circular plane is inclined to HP and perpendicular to VP, what will be the shape of front view?

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 Recommended Books

• Rhodes R.S, Cook L.B; Basic Engineering Drawing, Pitman Publishers,

• Rana and Shah; Engineering Drawing, Pearson Education India Publishers.
• Jolhe D.A; Engineering Drawing: With an Introduction to AutoCAD, Tata McGraw Hill
• Gill P.S; Engineering Drawing, S.K. Kataria and Sons Publications.
• Dhawan R. K; Engineering Drawing, S. Chand and Sons Publishers.

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 References

• http://www.brainkart.com/article/Projection-of-Straight-Lines-and-Planes--First-Angle-_6519/
• Gill P.S; Engineering Drawing ,5th Edition, S.K. Kataria and Sons Publications, 2011.
• Aggarwal B; Engineering Drawing, 1st Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publications,2008

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 THANK YOU

For queries
Email: [email protected]

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