K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION
CURRICULUM
Senior High School Academic Track
Grade: 12
Subject Title: Philippine Politics and Governance
Semester: 1st Semester
Number of Hours/Semester: 80
Prerequisite: (If needed)
Power
( Nature, Dimensions, Types and
Consequences)
CONCEPT
MAPPING
Think of a word or phrase that is related to
power. Write your answer on the rectangles.
POWER
Content
3.1 Nature
3.2 Dimensions
3.3 Types
3.4 Consequences
Learning Competency
1. define power
2. recognize the nature, dimensions,
types, and consequences of power
3. analyse the nature, dimensions,
types, deployments, and consequences
of power
POWER
Power is the ability to influence
or the ability to have outright
control the behavior of people.
Power is the ability of persons to
influence another person or
group to perform an act.
Power is the currency of politics
Definitions and
Power is the Nature
currency of Power
of politics. Just as
money permits the efficient flow of goods and
services through an economy, so power
enables collective decisions to be made and
enforced. Without power a government
would be useless as a car without an engine.
Power is the key political resource that
enables rulers both to serve and to exploit
their subjects
NATURE OF POWER
“POWER OVER”- the ability to
dominate another person or group.
“POWER TO”- the ability to do
something based on one’s abilities;
intellect, resources, knowledge,
stamina. Etc.
“POWER WITH”- the ability to work
with other to get something done by
cooperation
intellectually, or a combination of both, to
achieve what one wants. Ex. Bully in the
street exercises control over others by
using physical coercion; intellectual
superiority and the ability to solve problems
that others perceive to be important;
employ emotional appeals to achieve
desired ends.)
• The ability to cause others to do what one
desires, using means ranging from
influence to coercion.
influence, to denote impact (however
exercised) of one actor to another. But the
word is also used more narrowly to refer to
the more forceful modes of influence: for
example, getting one’s way by threats.)
• power is a matter of getting people to do
what they would not otherwise have done
(Dahl)
• Power is the ability to impose one's will on
the behaviour of other persons. (Max
Weber)
Dimensions of power
1.Authority
2.Legitimacy
Authority
• The right to rule. Authority creates its own power
so long as people accept that the person in
authority has the right to make decision.
• It is a broader concept than power. Where power
is the capacity to act, authority is the
acknowledged right to do so. It exists when
subordinate accept the capacity of superiors to
give legitimate orders.
• To acknowledge the authority of the rulers does
not always mean you agree with their decisions;
it means only that you accept their right to make
decisions and your own duty to obey.
Weber’s Classification
of Authority
Basis Illustration
Tradition Custom and the Monarchy
al established way of doing
things
Charisma Intense commitment to Many
tic the leader and his revolutionary
messages leaders
Legal- Rules and procedures. Bureaucracy
Rational The office, not the
person
Legitimacy
Returning to the broader notion of
authority, we must now introduce its
close cousin, legitimacy. The terms
are similar in meaning, but legitimacy
is the wider concept.
• comes from the Latin legitimare, meaning to declare
lawful
• Denotes a general belief that the state’s powers
to make and enforce rules are justified and
proper.
(Legitimacy is a moral or ethical concept which
involves perceptions of what is right. When
governmental authority is based on legitimacy,
citizens feel they have a duty or obligation to obey,
or abide by, what the government legislates.)
citizens, based on legitimacy, in order to resolve
societal conflicts, to defend the territory against
external enemies, and to maintain essential
services for its citizens. Without legitimacy, it has
to use coercion to maintain it authority, and in the
end such a move is likely to prove self-defeating.
Ex. The majority black population in white-run
south Africa considered the country’s apartheid
laws to be illegitimate, even though these
regulations were made according to existing
constitution
TYPES OF POWER
1. COERCIVE POWER- threat, intimidation
This power refers to brute force. This
means the ability to inflict punishment on
someone if they don't obey. Courts, police
forces and armies are the principle instruments
of condign power.
For example, if a teacher uses a stick to
get the student to listen, s/he is using a
condign power. In more backward societies
and more backward areas of advanced
societies, this kind of power has been the most
commonplace. The ones who had more
TYPES OF POWER
2. REWARD/COMPENSATORY POWER- uses
rewards, new opportunities and roles.
This power means the ability to get what you
want by exchanging something of value. And of
course the principal instrument of
compensatory power is
money.
For example, when parents tell their kid that if
they do not finish their homework on time, they
will get 10 percent of their allowance, they are
using a compensatory kind of power. This kind
of power is the way power has been exercised in
the more modern societies.
TYPES OF POWER
3. LEGITIMATE POWER- emanates
from position
4. EXPERT POWER- based skills and
expertise that can influence others
5. REFERENT POWER- based on
huge following like celebrities,
influencers famous persons and the
like.
Consequences of the
different types of power
SOURCES OF POWER CONSEQUENCES OF
POWER
EXPERT POWER COMMITMEN
REFERENT POWER T
LEGITIMATE COMPLIANC
POWER E
REWARD POWER
RESISTANCE
COERCIVE
PONDER ON THIS:
What is power?
What is the nature of
power?
What are the types of
power?
What are the
consequences of power?
Powerful siya
because…
President Bongbong Marcos
Vice President Sara Duterte
Former Vice President Leni Robredo
Speaker of the House Martin
Romualdez (Leyte-1st Congressional
District)
Chief Justice Alexander G. Gesmundo
Senator Raffy Tulfo
BTS
“NOTHING
UNMASKS A MAN
LIKE HIS USE OF
POWER.”
-ELBERT
Power tends to
corrupt, absolute
power corrupts
absolutely.
- Lord Acton
GROUP ACTIVITY
GROUP 1
1. Look at everyday situations in your
school. How is power exhibited and
in what types of relationships does
it exist?
2. In what particular instances in your
school could dimensions of power
be identified?
GROUP ACTIVITY
GROUP 2
1. If you were to quantify power in
political science, what would your
equation look like? Explain your
answer.
2. How important is power in both
domestic and international politics?
GROUP ACTIVITY
GROUP 3
1. Try to think of relationships within your
family. Who exercises power and what
consequences does this have? Depend
your answer and give concrete examples.
2. How about in school and in the
workplace? Can you give instances where
power relations exist? Is the relationship
between employers and employees
characterized by power, too? Explain.
GROUP ACTIVITY
GROUP 4
You are a budding visual artist and the
university where you graduated from asked you
to create an artwork that emphasizes the
consequences of power in Philippine society. The
work can either be a sculpture or a poster, which
will be enlarged once approved to be displaced
by the university officials.
The approving board will be comprised of
school officials and professor. Your work will be
evaluated based on artistry and relevance to the
theme.
GROUP ACTIVITY
GROUP 5
How the concepts of power and
authority presented in the following
illustrations? What are your thoughts about
such representations? Share them in class.
GROUP ACTIVITY
References:
Intro to Political Science by Ricardo Lazo,
Rex Bookstore, Inc. 2009
A Comparative Introduction to Political Science
By Robert J. Jackson & Doreen Jackson
Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd. , 2000
Comparative Government and Politics
By Rod Hague and Martin Harrop
Palgrave MacMillan, 2010
An Introduction to Government and Politics: A Conceptual Approach
By Mark O. Dickenson & Thomas Flanagan
Thomson Nelson, Canada Ltd., 2006
THANK YOU
