A PRESENTATION ON
STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCED SCHEME
(SIWES)
HELD AT
ACCURATE MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS
PRESENTED BY
WHETEGBE ESTHER TEMITOPE
DEPARTMENT: BIOCHEMISTRY
MATRIC NO:2009001187
INTRODUCTION
White blood cells are made in the bone marrow.
They are stored in your blood and lymph tissues.
Because some white blood cells called neutophils
have a short life less than a day, your bone marrow
is always making them.
A WBC Count is a blood test to measure the
number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood. It
is a part of a complete blood count (CBC). WBCs are
also called leukocytes. They help fight infections
AIM
Toenlighten the audience the White Blood
Cells count and its importance
SCOPE
OVERVIEW OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS COUNT
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF WHITE BLOOD CELL
COUNTS
IMPORTANCE OF WHITE CELLS COUNT ON
INFECTIONS
CONCLUSION
OVERVIEW OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS
WHITE BLOOD CELLS (WBC) also known as leukocytes are the
cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the
body against both infectious diseases and foreign invaders. The
number of leukocytes in the blood in often an indicator of the
disease and, thus, the WBC count is an important subset of the
complete blood count (CBC). The normal WBC is usually between
4000-11000 white blood cells per microlitre of blood. They make
up approximately 1% of the total volume of blood in a healthy
adult making them substantially less numerous than the red blood
cells (RBC) at 40-45%. This 1% makes a large difference to health
because immunity depends on it. An increase in the number of
leukocytes over the upper limit is called leukocytosis. It is
LABORATORY
DIAGNOSIS
LYMPHOCYTES: is one of the subtypes of white blood cells in a vertebrate’s immune
system. They include the Natural killer cells (NK) cells (which function in cell
mediated, cytotoxic innate immunity), T cells (cytotoxic adaptive immunity). They are
the main types of cells found in the lymph which prompted the name lymphocyte. In
full blood count (FBC), it gets higher above normal range with some viral infections
such as granular fever, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and can be decreased by
HIV infection.
MONOCYTE: is a type of white blood cells. They are the largest type of leukocyte and
differentiate into macrophages or dendritic cells. As a part of the vertebrate innate
immune system, monocyte can also influence the process of adaptive immunity. It
may be raised above normal range as result of bacterial infection, tuberculosis,
malaria, rocky mountain, spotted fever, monocytic leukemia, chronic ulcerative colitis
and regional enteritis.
NEUTROPHIL: is the most abundant type of granulocyte and the most abundant
LABORATORY
DIAGNOSIS
EOSINOPHIL: is a variety of WBC and are one of the immune system
components responsible for combating multi-cellular parasites and certain
infections in vertebrates. It is increased in parasitic infection, asthma or
allergic reactions.
BASOPHIL: is a type of white blood cell. They are the least common of
granulocytes, representing 0.5 to 1% of circulating WBC. They are
responsible for inflammatory reactions during immune response. They can
perform phagocytosis, produce histamine and serotonin that induce
inflammation and heparin that prevents blood from clotting. It may be
increased in bone marrow related conditions such as leukemia.
LABORATORY
DIAGNOSIS
IMPORTANCE OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS COUNT ON INFECTIONS
White Blood cell (WBC) count is a crucial marker in diagnosing and managing infections
which include the following;
INDICATORS OF INFECTION: An elevated WBC count, known as leukocytosis, often
signals the presence of an infection as the body produces more WBCs to fight off
pathogens.
TYPES OF WBCS: Different types of white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes,
monocytes, eosinophils and basophils) can provide specific clues about the nature of
an infection (bacterial, viral, paraisitic, or alllergic reactions)
GUIDING TREATMENT: The differential count (Proportions of different types of WBCs)
can guide healthcare professionals in choosing appropriate treatments. For example,a
high neutrophil count is often associated with bacterial infections, which may
necessitate antibiotics.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion,
Regular WBC count checks are an integral part of
managing infections and understanding overall
immune health.
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