Key
Dotted boxes in any colour means write this down.
Pink boxes means think. (Pink for think!)
Blue boxes means student task. (Blue for you!)
Green boxes means answers or markscheme. (Reminder for students to mark in a green pen)
If doing a demo If an extension
or practical, task use this
use this symbol.
symbol.
2.1. Atomic
Structure Learning objectives
1) learn more about the structure of the atom
2) learn how the structure of the Periodic Table is related to the structure of
the elements.
Entrance Activity Key words
List the parts of an Atomic number
Electron shells
atom and the charge Electronic structure
of each subatomic Electrostatic forces
Energy levels
particle Mass number
Atomic number
ss io n
d is cu
up
Gro
What do you remember about the periodic table?
Mass Number - This
tells you the number of
protons and neutrons
an atom has.
Elemental symbol - this
is the letter or letters
used to tell elements
apart in shorthand.
Atomic Number -
This tells you how
many protons an
atom has
h er e
xp l a n ation
Atomic Structure
Teac The periodic table can be used to calculate the number of each subatomic
particle present in an atom
Mass Number - This
tells you the number of
protons and neutrons
an atom has.
Elemental symbol - this
is the letter or letters
used to tell elements
apart in shorthand.
Atomic Number -
This tells you how
many protons an
atom has
h er e
xp l a n ation
Atomic Structure
Teac
The periodic table can be used to calculate the number of each subatomic
particle present in an atom
• Firstly we can work out the number of protons by using
the atomic number …. In this case the number of
protons is 6
• We can next work out the number of neutrons present
by taking the atomic number away from the mass
number. In this case 12-6 = 6 NEUTRONS
• Finally as an atom has no charge and protons are
positive and electrons are negative there must be the
same number of protons as there are electrons so in
this case there are 6 electrons.
Find the number
y
A c tivit
i ng
Lear
Calculate the number of all subatomic particles
in the following atoms.
- Calcium
- Aluminium
- Nitrogen
- Argon
- Hydrogen
- Beryllium
her
Teac tion
expl
a na Electron arrangements
An electron arrangement is the way in which electrons are
arranged in an atom
Electron Maximum number of
• Different shells can hold shell electrons
different maximum numbers of First 2
Second 8
electrons. Third 8
• Electrons occupy shells starting
with the innermost one.
• They begin to occupy the next
shell when a shell becomes full.
her
Teac tion
expl
a na
Drawing Atoms
Now we know how to find out the information
about the subatomic particles in the atoms we
need to look at how to draw them.
Drawing Atoms
y
A c tivit
n ing
Lear
Draw the following atoms in your book
- Calcium
- Aluminium
- Nitrogen
- Argon
- Hydrogen
- Beryllium
y
A c tivit
n ing
Lear
Answer questions
1-7 from your
textbook in full
sentences.
Answers
16
24
36
4 Diagram should have three shells, with electrons structure 2:8:2, and a nucleus with
12p and 12n in the centre.
5 Aluminium
6 Diagram should have two shells, with electrons structure 2,7, and a nucleus with 9p
and 10n in
the centre.
7 The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons in both models. In the Rutherford
model, the electrons are all shown in one cloud around the nucleus. In the model we
use today, the electrons are shown arranged in different shells or energy levels around
the nucleus. In the model we use today, each shell can contain up to a particular
number of electrons.
Answer questions
from 2.1. Atomic
structure and the
Periodic Table
(Workbook)
Plenary
Complete the Table, draw the Electron Arrangement and give the Electron
Configuration.
Element 1: Helium (He)
Atomic Number (Z): 2 Draw the Electron Arrangement:
Mass Number (A): 4
Particle Number
Protons
Neutrons
Electron Configuration:
Electrons
Plenary
Complete the Table, draw the Electron Arrangement and give the Electron
Configuration.
Element 2: Oxygen (O)
Atomic Number (Z): Draw the Electron Arrangement:
Mass Number (A):
Particle Number
Protons
8
Neutrons
8
Electron Configuration:
Electrons
Plenary
Complete the Table, draw the Electron Arrangement and give the Electron
Configuration.
Element 1: Chlorine (Cl)
Atomic Number (Z): Draw the Electron Arrangement:
Mass Number (A): 35
Particle Number
Protons
Neutrons
Electron Configuration:
Electrons
17
