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Raid PPT

This document discusses RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) and various RAID types and levels. It covers software-based RAID, hardware-based RAID, and data organization in RAID. Standard RAID levels described include RAID 0, 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6. RAID 0 provides striping for performance but no fault tolerance, while RAID 1 uses mirroring for redundancy. Higher RAID levels like 3, 4, 5, and 6 implement striping with parity for fault tolerance through parity blocks or disks. Combination levels such as 0+1 and 1+0 are also summarized.

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Archana Dhanasekaran
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2K views29 pages

Raid PPT

This document discusses RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) and various RAID types and levels. It covers software-based RAID, hardware-based RAID, and data organization in RAID. Standard RAID levels described include RAID 0, 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6. RAID 0 provides striping for performance but no fault tolerance, while RAID 1 uses mirroring for redundancy. Higher RAID levels like 3, 4, 5, and 6 implement striping with parity for fault tolerance through parity blocks or disks. Combination levels such as 0+1 and 1+0 are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Archana Dhanasekaran
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to RAID
  • Importance of RAID
  • RAID Types
  • RAID Levels Overview
  • RAID 0 - Block Level Stripping Without Parity
  • RAID 1 - Disk Mirroring
  • RAID 0+1 - Stripping and Mirroring
  • RAID 1+0 - Mirroring and Stripping
  • RAID 3 - Byte Level Stripping with Dedicated Parity
  • RAID 4 - Block Level Stripping with Dedicated Parity
  • RAID 5 - Block Level Stripping with Distributed Parity
  • RAID 6 - Block Level Stripping with Dual Distributed Parity
  • Summary of RAID Concepts
  • Acknowledgments

AGENDA

WHAT IS RAID
Redundant Array of Independent/Inexpensive disk

WHY WE GO FOR RAID ?

RAID TYPES
Software-Based RAID
RAID task runs on the CPU of your computer system.
1) Pure software solution Low cost Unprotected at boot - Drive failure or corrupted data during boot and before the RAID software become active leads to an inoperable system. Limited operating system migration No write-back cache:

2) Hybrid solution - some hardware designed to increase performance


RAID BIOS integrated onto the motherboard The additional BIOS makes the RAID functionality available when the system is switched on, providing redundancy during boot

Hardware Based RAID

Data Organization
Groups of contiguously addressed blocks - strips Set of strips span across all disks stripe Performance in a striped array is dependant on the stripe width - the number of drives in the array stripe size - the size of the chunks of data being written across the array

DATA STRIPPING
Striping - Cutting Data in to Pieces Byte level Block level. Byte level striping - Range From 2 KB to 512 KB of Even higher allow the selection of block sizes Block levelstriping - stripe size of 1 byte to 512 bytes usually not selectable by the user. stripe size -- depends on type of application we use Larger stripes - fewer accesses to the disk. Large No.of.Small Read and Write EX: Database Server Smaller stripes - data accessed more quickly Small No of Larger files read quickly EX:throughput-intensive applications such as video production and editing.

BYTE VS BLOCK
4 KB File 200 KB File

100 KB File

500 KB File

RAID LEVELS
STANDARD LEVELS 0 Striped Array with no fault Tolerance 1 Mirrored Disks 3 - Byte-level striping with dedicated parity disk 4 - Block-level striping with dedicated parity disk 5 - Block-level striping with distributed parity 6 - Block-level striping with double distributed parity

COMBINATION LEVELS
RAID 01 Stripping and Mirroring RAID 10 - Mirroring and Stripping

RAID 0 Block Level Stripping With out Parity


B0 B5 B1 B6 RAID CONTROLLER B2 B7

B3 B7
B4 B9

Storage Efficiency

Min No.of.disk Fault Tolerance Application

2 NO

1.File Servers 2.Video Editing

3.Video Production

RAID 1 Disk Mirroring

B0 B1 RAID CONTROLLER B0 B1

Storage Efficiency

1/n

Min No.of.disk Fault Tolerance Application

2 n-1

1.Operating System 2.Transaction Databases

3.Email

RAID 0+1 Stripping and Mirroring


RAID 1

BO

B0

B2
RAID 0 B1 B3

B2

B1 B3

Storage Efficiency

2/n

Min No.of.disk Fault Tolerance

4 1 or more drive failed in same mirror set

Application

Applications requiring both high performance and reliability and willing to sacrifice capacity to get them. Enterprise servers Moderate-sized database systems

RAID 1+0 Mirroring and Stripping


RAID 0

BO

B1

B2
RAID 1 BO B2

B3

B1 B3

Storage Efficiency

2/n

Min No.of.disk Fault Tolerance

4 Array can sustain Multiple drive loses so long as no mirror loses all it drives

Application

1.Transaction Applications

RAID 3 Byte level Stripping with Dedicated Parity


b0 b4 b1 b5 b2 b6

b3 b7
P0 P1

RAID 3 DISK 2 Data

11110000

00001111 11111111

10101010

= 11111111 00001111

11110000

00001111

10101010

11111111

4
PARITY

HOTSPARE

Storage Efficiency

1-1/n

Min No.of.disk Fault Tolerance

3 1

Application

1.Good for sequential processing Applications such as Video Imaging

RAID 4 Block level Stripping with Dedicated Parity


B0 B4 B1 B5 B2 B6

B3 B7
P0 P1

Storage Efficiency

1-1/n

Min No.of.disk Fault Tolerance

3 1

Application

Good for Read Intensive Application ,File sharing and Web Applications

RAID 5 Block level Stripping with Distributed Parity


B0 P1 B1 B4 B2 B5

B3 B6
P0 B7

Storage Efficiency

1-1/n

Min No.of.disk Fault Tolerance

3 1

Application

1.File Serving Applications

RAID 6 Block level Stripping with Dual Distributed Parity


B0 P1 B1 P1 B2 B3

P0 B4
P0 B5

Storage Efficiency

1-2/n

Min No.of.disk Fault Tolerance

4 2

Application

same sorts of applications as RAID 5, but in situations where additional fault tolerance is required

SUMMARY

RAID RAID TYPES RAID LEVELS DATA RECOVERING PROCESS

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