1145 Hashing - Average Search Time (25)

The task of this problem is simple: insert a sequence of distinct positive integers into a hash table first. Then try to find another sequence of integer keys from the table and output the average search time (the number of comparisons made to find whether or not the key is in the table). The hash function is defined to be H(key)=key%TSize where TSize is the maximum size of the hash table. Quadratic probing (with positive increments only) is used to solve the collisions.

Note that the table size is better to be prime. If the maximum size given by the user is not prime, you must re-define the table size to be the smallest prime number which is larger than the size given by the user.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains 3 positive numbers: MSize, N, and M, which are the user-defined table size, the number of input numbers, and the number of keys to be found, respectively. All the three numbers are no more than 10^4. Then N distinct positive integers are given in the next line, followed by M positive integer keys in the next line. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space and are no more than 10^5.

Output Specification:

For each test case, in case it is impossible to insert some number, print in a line X cannot be inserted. where X is the input number. Finally print in a line the average search time for all the M keys, accurate up to 1 decimal place.

Sample Input:

4 5 4
10 6 4 15 11
11 4 15 2

Sample Output:

15 cannot be inserted.
2.8

题目大意：给出哈希表的大小，如果大小不是素数，则扩大为大于给出值的第一个素数，用平方探测法解决冲突。再给出 n 个待插入的正整数，如果这个数字不能够被插入就输出”X cannot be inserted.”最后给出 m 次查询，输出这 m 次查询的平均查找时间。
分析：先找到大于tsize的最小的素数为真正的tsize，然后建立一个tsize长度的数组。首先用平方探测法插入数字a，每次pos = (a + j * j) % tsize，j是从0～tsize-1的数字，如果当前位置可以插入就插入，如果一次都没有能够插入成功就输出”X cannot be inserted.”。计算平均查找时间时，每次计算pos = (a + j * j) % tsize，其中j <= tsize，如果pos处是a则查找到了，退出循环；如果pos处不存在数字表示没查找到，也要退出循环。最后ans除以m得到平均查找时间然后输出。

#include<algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include  <cstdlib>
#include  <cstring>
#include   <string>
#include   <vector>
#include   <cstdio>
#include    <queue>
#include    <stack>
#include    <ctime>
#include    <cmath>
#include      <map>
#include      <set>
#define INF 0xffffffff
#define db1(x) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<endl
#define db2(x,y) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<", "<<#y<<"="<<(y)<<endl
#define db3(x,y,z) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<", "<<#y<<"="<<(y)<<", "<<#z<<"="<<(z)<<endl
#define db4(x,y,z,r) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<", "<<#y<<"="<<(y)<<", "<<#z<<"="<<(z)<<", "<<#r<<"="<<(r)<<endl
#define db5(x,y,z,r,w) cout<<#x<<"="<<(x)<<", "<<#y<<"="<<(y)<<", "<<#z<<"="<<(z)<<", "<<#r<<"="<<(r)<<", "<<#w<<"="<<(w)<<endl
using namespace std;

int flag[30010];
void getprime()
{
    flag[0]=flag[1]=1;
    for(int i=2;i<=30000;++i)
        if(flag[i]==0)
            for(int j=i*i;j<=30000;j+=i)
                flag[j]=1;
}

int main(void)
{
    #ifdef test
    freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
    //freopen("in.txt","w",stdout);
    clock_t start=clock();
    #endif //test

    getprime();
    int msize,n,m;scanf("%d%d%d",&msize,&n,&m);
    while(flag[msize])msize++;
    int num[msize]={0};
    for(int i=0;i<n;++i)
    {
        int a,f1=0;scanf("%d",&a);
        for(int j=0;j<=msize;++j)
        {
            int temp=(a+j*j)%msize;
            if(num[temp]==0)
            {
                num[temp]=a,f1=1;break;
            }
        }
        if(!f1)printf("%d cannot be inserted.\n",a);
    }

    int times=0;
    for(int i=0;i<m;++i)
    {
        int a;scanf("%d",&a);
        for(int j=0;j<=msize;++j)
        {
            times++;
            if(num[(j*j+a)%msize]==a||num[(j*j+a)%msize]==0)break;
        }
    }
    printf("%.1f\n",times*1.0/m);

    #ifdef test
    clockid_t end=clock();
    double endtime=(double)(end-start)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
    printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
    cout<<"Total time:"<<endtime<<"s"<<endl;        //s为单位
    cout<<"Total time:"<<endtime*1000<<"ms"<<endl;    //ms为单位
    #endif //test
    return 0;
}