mysql 字符集

乱码

问题描述

乱码，一般是中文乱码。

原因分析

MySQL会出现中文乱码的原因不外乎下列几点：
1.server本身设定问题，例如还停留在latin1
2.table的语系设定问题(包含character与collation)
3.客户端程式(例如php)的连线语系设定问题

http://blog.csdn.net/luoweifu/article/details/8832492

解决方法

修改字符集

问题描述

之前以为修好mysql的字符集是用set命令，今天发现用set命令设置字符集之后，如果重启mysql的话，结果又是和配置文件里的字符集是一样的，而不是刚刚用set命令设置的字符集。换句话说，set命令设置字符集只是暂时起作用，一旦重启mysql之后，就又恢复到之前的字符集。

原因分析

解决方法

那么，该如何修改mysql的字符集呢？只有在配置文件里修改咯，并且修改完之后，要重启mysql。

具体怎么修改？

1、windows版本

修改配置文件里的字符集。

修改2个地方，一个是mysql服务器本身的字符集，一个是客户端的字符集（客户端字符集是干嘛的？待研究！）。

# CLIENT SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
# Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
# to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
# honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
# MySQL client library initialization.
#
[client]

port=3306

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

# SERVER SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
# you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
# file.
#
[mysqld]

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3306


#Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
basedir="C:/Program Files (x86)/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/"

#Path to the database root
datadir="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/Data/"

# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined
character-set-server=utf8

2、linux版本

没看到配置文件里有字符集，所以添加一个字符集。

只需添加一个地方，那就是mysql服务器的字符集。

[mysqld]
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used (fedora >= 15).
# If you need to run mysqld under different user or group, 
# customize your systemd unit file for mysqld according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
user=mysql

character_set_server = utf8

datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

注：不论是修改字符集，还是添加字符集，都不要放错了地方，而应该放在对应的mysql服务器配置段落或者客户端配置段落，否则重启mysql时可能会重启失败。