表中数据的查询操作-分组和having条件查询

分组查询GROUP BY

select * from student;

select * from student group by class;

在对数据进行分组的时候，SELECT后面必须是分组字段或者聚合函数

select class from student group by class;

按 class  列对 student  表分组，每组仅返回一个 class  值

select class, avg(age) from student group by class;

按 class  分组，计算每组学生的年龄平均值（ AVG(age) ），并返回班级和对应平均年龄。

select gender, avg(age) avgAge from student group by gender;

给 avg(age)改名 avgAge 。

HAVING条件查询
WHERE是去数据表中查询符合条件的数据返回结果集
HAVING是去结果集中查询符合条件的数据，可以对分组之后查询到的结果进行筛选
select class, avg(age) from student group by class;
select class, avg(age)from student group by class where avg(age)<= 19；报错
select class, avg(age) from student group by class having avg(age)<= 19;
从结果集中筛选

select class, avg(age) avg from student group by class having avg <= 19;
--取别名